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Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Less Is More: Engineering Challenges of On-Device Small Language Model Integration in a Mobile Application

As of 9 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 17 of 17 outbound references and 1 inbound Pith citation observation for arXiv:2604.24636.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2604.24636 v2

Coverage vector

measured 17 of 17 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-05-08T03:12:21.566224Z

measured 18 of 18 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00

measured 1 of 1 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-08T04:19:18.882088Z

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: pith, observed 2026-08-08T04:19:19.373658Z

Reference resolution

17 of 17 outbound references displayed

  • verified exact0
  • verified fuzzy17
  • unresolved0
  • parse uncertain0
  • malformed identifier0
  • metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation 250930b0-7354-4f54-a164-a4e1d38cb5c6 · outbound

This paper cites LiteRT-LM Overview.

Less Is More: Engineering Challenges of On-Device Small Language Model Integration in a Mobile Application LiteRT-LM Overview

Reference 1

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-26T22:18:23.026683Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-08T03:12:21.566224Z digest=sha256:6547db04c71c93e4b3c355702b0e98bae9086555185d3b0c528757af150a609b

Observation 3aea1f57-05e2-4048-8112-71f2de568427 · outbound

This paper cites Machine Learning Compilation for Large Language Models.https://llm.mlc.

Less Is More: Engineering Challenges of On-Device Small Language Model Integration in a Mobile Application Machine Learning Compilation for Large Language Models.https://llm.mlc

Reference 2

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-26T22:18:23.053202Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-08T03:12:21.566224Z digest=sha256:47575ef27ef8e3d2ba9d7b8b42a715ebfd51d56f5ddf2d196ac1f859eac9836a

Observation 7677ba44-b914-4d4e-ad83-08222782a82b · outbound

This paper cites Gemini Nano — On-device AI with AICore.https://developer.

Less Is More: Engineering Challenges of On-Device Small Language Model Integration in a Mobile Application Gemini Nano — On-device AI with AICore.https://developer

Reference 3

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-26T22:18:23.047083Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-08T03:12:21.566224Z digest=sha256:59a5ec19c6e0670f215cf91e70c983d300f153ba2d2059365ca69afe6b9adf90

Observation 4b187e64-dc8b-444c-99e4-46fa02e935b1 · outbound

This paper cites Gemma: Open Models Based on Gemini Research and Technology.

Less Is More: Engineering Challenges of On-Device Small Language Model Integration in a Mobile Application Gemma: Open Models Based on Gemini Research and Technology

Reference 4

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-26T22:18:23.063339Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-08T03:12:21.566224Z digest=sha256:db8758b253152b8f1417e130382551bf21b3b1d274e399a64a22b8c1c203bd23

Observation b74cf61e-211b-40dc-ba44-18726dc8d002 · outbound

This paper cites Qwen Technical Report.

Less Is More: Engineering Challenges of On-Device Small Language Model Integration in a Mobile Application Qwen Technical Report

Reference 5

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-26T22:18:23.059743Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-08T03:12:21.566224Z digest=sha256:530ad6750e9fe3d429753436f39e666ae0f73c16414743aadcabfc5a7b9775d6

Observation 2fb34afa-f4c5-4aa9-b7be-875c89697a66 · outbound

This paper cites Phi-4 Technical Report.

Less Is More: Engineering Challenges of On-Device Small Language Model Integration in a Mobile Application Phi-4 Technical Report

Reference 6

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-26T22:18:23.020122Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-08T03:12:21.566224Z digest=sha256:696eb332dcc71f992b25a8905a6314370d2c319e256690659fe9f694df5afeea

Observation a96a5bf0-359c-4106-a09e-a66b1e70964d · outbound

This paper cites Wei et al.

Less Is More: Engineering Challenges of On-Device Small Language Model Integration in a Mobile Application Wei et al

Reference 7

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-26T22:18:23.056021Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-08T03:12:21.566224Z digest=sha256:ad0f74e73133e6b2cba95e95a66a4741a25d17e1a58b9978bd95feba7e7081e6

Observation 5b75d391-892b-4f00-8c8a-f39a938cad32 · outbound

This paper cites White et al.

Less Is More: Engineering Challenges of On-Device Small Language Model Integration in a Mobile Application White et al

Reference 8

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-26T22:18:23.008934Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-08T03:12:21.566224Z digest=sha256:cce11d011f9b6743745c2bc4b9bd77596ce5e9888db2fc3ff4bda796cf24d850

Observation 047800fd-08af-460e-8154-33d271e87806 · outbound

This paper cites Schick et al.

Less Is More: Engineering Challenges of On-Device Small Language Model Integration in a Mobile Application Schick et al

Reference 9

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-26T22:18:23.029665Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-08T03:12:21.566224Z digest=sha256:4bc702046de7e471096d3ff77e82202196fc4f03a7f923cf2dcd30eef00b864d

Observation c6fb8c8e-e22c-4cd6-bae6-abaf383d65da · outbound

This paper cites David et al.

Less Is More: Engineering Challenges of On-Device Small Language Model Integration in a Mobile Application David et al

Reference 10

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-26T22:18:23.040270Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-08T03:12:21.566224Z digest=sha256:46cc095fb6feaaed965fe30e7f508cc691ea4da5a1fa67c68d8b5a839c8f2c68

Observation 6c508514-9045-488e-95b9-2f6ae497cac9 · outbound

This paper cites Core ML Documentation.

Less Is More: Engineering Challenges of On-Device Small Language Model Integration in a Mobile Application Core ML Documentation

Reference 11

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-26T22:18:23.049880Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-08T03:12:21.566224Z digest=sha256:587530333db128dcf9b04acc806f807a6207274407b8ea331904c997385729de

Observation 264a4a40-f7bd-4f72-97b9-bede469fd235 · outbound

This paper cites Runeson and M.

Less Is More: Engineering Challenges of On-Device Small Language Model Integration in a Mobile Application Runeson and M

Reference 12

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-26T22:18:23.015206Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-08T03:12:21.566224Z digest=sha256:cd16428ca149a1650383162d1cc2936cd00ad0d4081d130ec99d284b599c1c7b

Observation dc9329bf-79d5-43d8-92bd-d221813533bc · outbound

This paper cites API Pricing.https://openai.com/api/pricing/.

Less Is More: Engineering Challenges of On-Device Small Language Model Integration in a Mobile Application API Pricing.https://openai.com/api/pricing/

Reference 13

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-26T22:18:23.023575Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-08T03:12:21.566224Z digest=sha256:80a91b1ca3092dc9cf8587dc485a60e9922a7845391b13799e29079045057ca8

Observation 3ec6d146-eea6-4d2a-9370-436b2696fde0 · outbound

This paper cites Gemini Developer API Pricing.

Less Is More: Engineering Challenges of On-Device Small Language Model Integration in a Mobile Application Gemini Developer API Pricing

Reference 14

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-26T22:18:23.032882Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-08T03:12:21.566224Z digest=sha256:ae6ad455dd199a120d554e0bf92a27f59bac7a55d01a85ed878b851786f12f69

Observation 09d421b6-a729-46f5-8802-1e65c71c2336 · outbound

This paper cites Regulation (EU) 2016/679 — General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR).Official Journal of the European Union.

Less Is More: Engineering Challenges of On-Device Small Language Model Integration in a Mobile Application Regulation (EU) 2016/679 — General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR).Official Journal of the European Union

Reference 15

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-26T22:18:23.037085Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-08T03:12:21.566224Z digest=sha256:4495abda508c317fe9f53a8014610deabe0dc0bcf892f748e70d0b2840b4513a

Observation f3bfed28-3b65-4706-aa10-388a3cf16989 · outbound

This paper cites Lei no 13.709 — Lei Geral de Proteção de Dados Pessoais (LGPD).Diário Oficial da União.

Less Is More: Engineering Challenges of On-Device Small Language Model Integration in a Mobile Application Lei no 13.709 — Lei Geral de Proteção de Dados Pessoais (LGPD).Diário Oficial da União

Reference 16

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-26T22:18:23.016562Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-08T03:12:21.566224Z digest=sha256:6239968b288836c7c6da9b592a11dc0c51fa2d613dc70b9be7aa93418e6e217b

Observation 90e1a927-9c0c-44f3-b037-f3e2d22ca533 · outbound

This paper cites California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA), Cal.

Less Is More: Engineering Challenges of On-Device Small Language Model Integration in a Mobile Application California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA), Cal

Reference 17

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-26T22:18:23.043564Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-08T03:12:21.566224Z digest=sha256:60d5527024a9672b66ef97cb932fa84a54f98886d7e138717a92b2814be69457

Pith citing papers

Observation fcc23ef5-ffc4-4520-b451-f47a5ce1951c · inbound

Tiny Enough to Break In: Agentic Remote Access Trojans Powered by Small Language Models cites this paper.

Tiny Enough to Break In: Agentic Remote Access Trojans Powered by Small Language Models Less Is More: Engineering Challenges of On-Device Small Language Model Integration in a Mobile Application

Reference 9

Resolution
metadata mismatch
local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-08T04:19:19.377354Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-08T04:19:18.882088Z digest=sha256:5c152de95a0a00891f0c0fb128d7fbe274ed79f827222c6b36a3c05b08c942a5