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Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Why Conclusions Diverge from the Same Observations: Formalizing World-Model Non-Identifiability via an Inference

As of 6 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 16 of 16 outbound references and 1 inbound Pith citation observation for arXiv:2605.12255.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2605.12255 v1

Coverage vector

measured 16 of 16 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-05-13T05:06:49.453418Z

measured 17 of 17 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-06T06:34:29.942622+00:00

measured 1 of 1 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-06-29T07:45:34.902037Z

measured 1 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: pith, observed 2026-08-05T02:28:24.338817Z

Reference resolution

16 of 16 outbound references displayed

  • verified exact0
  • verified fuzzy6
  • unresolved10
  • parse uncertain0
  • malformed identifier0
  • metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

0
pith, observed 2026-08-05T02:28:24.338817Z

Outbound references

Observation b823b66d-2603-47c8-9eb0-4ee036de02f8 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Why Conclusions Diverge from the Same Observations: Formalizing World-Model Non-Identifiability via an Inference Unresolved cited work

Reference 1

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-13T10:57:39.890706Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-06T06:34:29.942622+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-13T05:06:49.453418Z digest=sha256:3de3b3ab916a3652d82631294b7288486e91d22abd2fa823fab72fe4c77ac382

Observation 3f52641f-aacc-48d4-a212-f72f16ddf93d · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Why Conclusions Diverge from the Same Observations: Formalizing World-Model Non-Identifiability via an Inference Unresolved cited work

Reference 2

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-13T10:57:39.893885Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-06T06:34:29.942622+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-13T05:06:49.453418Z digest=sha256:03cb170fc2990f7632dd048daf6f2fc5e7e1a46c7d038053e8c9b3a5fa3f5763

Observation f0af886f-0b02-437e-923c-5b5ab5aee6c7 · outbound

This paper cites (2011).Thinking, Fast and Slow.

Why Conclusions Diverge from the Same Observations: Formalizing World-Model Non-Identifiability via an Inference (2011).Thinking, Fast and Slow

Reference 3

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-13T10:57:39.892340Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-06T06:34:29.942622+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-13T05:06:49.453418Z digest=sha256:1496d52d9c670e54a659a75fc515fedf02a8815622baad6ee98f06a64d38bb97

Observation 1105c072-61b7-44bf-a5f7-1be60e311d44 · outbound

This paper cites S., and Barto, A.

Why Conclusions Diverge from the Same Observations: Formalizing World-Model Non-Identifiability via an Inference S., and Barto, A

Reference 4

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-13T10:57:39.900746Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-06T06:34:29.942622+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-13T05:06:49.453418Z digest=sha256:5a1f2285acf6398c0bbb14fdc123689147054685ab7a31cac0942eff2047a575

Observation d90bca7c-b98f-4669-b8a1-25a603f4b7e5 · outbound

This paper cites M., and Thomas, J.

Why Conclusions Diverge from the Same Observations: Formalizing World-Model Non-Identifiability via an Inference M., and Thomas, J

Reference 5

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-13T10:57:39.877022Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-06T06:34:29.942622+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-13T05:06:49.453418Z digest=sha256:1a6c139bf0c0eb7c86408d2965b30842800123720514e45db7999acef3877547

Observation b4b3022d-ee7a-495d-b648-de2b31136567 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Why Conclusions Diverge from the Same Observations: Formalizing World-Model Non-Identifiability via an Inference Unresolved cited work

Reference 6

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-13T10:57:39.875342Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-06T06:34:29.942622+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-13T05:06:49.453418Z digest=sha256:e19aab959a31ecd670ac0353d2006f9ab151e93ce920003b8f9dfaef126eb6bc

Observation 702b46c4-738a-4389-a984-8824cb6b86b9 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Why Conclusions Diverge from the Same Observations: Formalizing World-Model Non-Identifiability via an Inference Unresolved cited work

Reference 7

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-13T10:57:39.897098Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-06T06:34:29.942622+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-13T05:06:49.453418Z digest=sha256:595ee8cb1a05b1480ec9a2196beaf1d33036153233bd561d3515a4c5b9008e43

Observation 308cf894-ccca-42c3-b323-81cb7a21f468 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Why Conclusions Diverge from the Same Observations: Formalizing World-Model Non-Identifiability via an Inference Unresolved cited work

Reference 8

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-13T10:57:39.887187Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-06T06:34:29.942622+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-13T05:06:49.453418Z digest=sha256:64b8569a3b1ef1a26410b1853f3bc3c3c0e8354e684f9716323f8329ebffe407

Observation 39d86e1b-5ee6-4122-babf-6c442a128e75 · outbound

This paper cites N., Kaiser, L., and Polosukhin, I.

Why Conclusions Diverge from the Same Observations: Formalizing World-Model Non-Identifiability via an Inference N., Kaiser, L., and Polosukhin, I

Reference 9

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-13T10:57:39.889112Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-06T06:34:29.942622+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-13T05:06:49.453418Z digest=sha256:b7a4e218ffcabfe400361a09925aedb03fddaaaf963f6dd1433153ed618fd2af

Observation 1deb32fc-e5c5-427a-8367-db15ab27a5fc · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Why Conclusions Diverge from the Same Observations: Formalizing World-Model Non-Identifiability via an Inference Unresolved cited work

Reference 10

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-13T10:57:39.880405Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-06T06:34:29.942622+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-13T05:06:49.453418Z digest=sha256:158ad0d35dde6a22399d60343ba68a4f39d983ac1c81d9c1c6ef0bef1a0601dd

Observation f94bdc7a-bb46-44d8-a146-a2b517c419ff · outbound

This paper cites (2009).Causality: Models, Reasoning, and Inference(2nd ed.).

Why Conclusions Diverge from the Same Observations: Formalizing World-Model Non-Identifiability via an Inference (2009).Causality: Models, Reasoning, and Inference(2nd ed.)

Reference 11

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-13T10:57:39.882288Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-06T06:34:29.942622+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-13T05:06:49.453418Z digest=sha256:a0fa4534276044755b954758dd09c9d4a7c8ce61a2a20a43d0251f3a9e49c4b1

Observation 85e77833-79d0-4d79-9033-f5284c84ced8 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Why Conclusions Diverge from the Same Observations: Formalizing World-Model Non-Identifiability via an Inference Unresolved cited work

Reference 12

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-13T10:57:39.885436Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-06T06:34:29.942622+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-13T05:06:49.453418Z digest=sha256:d4ea056702fb30d3d8119b884ee37eda9e5ffc50332beeb8e57f570e6e674401

Observation 48292185-13b6-423c-afd1-e1a76785f0eb · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Why Conclusions Diverge from the Same Observations: Formalizing World-Model Non-Identifiability via an Inference Unresolved cited work

Reference 13

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-13T10:57:39.883850Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-06T06:34:29.942622+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-13T05:06:49.453418Z digest=sha256:3c0102a266a905880e2c743efbd1dd668299ee4c17067df9397c2c60050cfba1

Observation 43652910-1c68-4e3d-a359-602789fd0135 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Why Conclusions Diverge from the Same Observations: Formalizing World-Model Non-Identifiability via an Inference Unresolved cited work

Reference 14

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-13T10:57:39.895449Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-06T06:34:29.942622+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-13T05:06:49.453418Z digest=sha256:4dc830eee0d6e2ec6b7f14dd191701b661700508ef5ebb9dfbf8844902aaa8e8

Observation 2051717b-7727-4ae2-b25f-91d1fbdaef33 · outbound

This paper cites A., Ahmed-Rengers, E., Harkens, A., Li, W., MacLaren, J., Piselli, R., and Yeung, K.

Why Conclusions Diverge from the Same Observations: Formalizing World-Model Non-Identifiability via an Inference A., Ahmed-Rengers, E., Harkens, A., Li, W., MacLaren, J., Piselli, R., and Yeung, K

Reference 15

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-13T10:57:39.898939Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-06T06:34:29.942622+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-13T05:06:49.453418Z digest=sha256:32a599281daef9a29ad939d3e70246857ac32e811e9f5c2af96aeb28db5d5da4

Observation b9dcd4fa-044e-4822-90b3-12c42b4c078a · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Why Conclusions Diverge from the Same Observations: Formalizing World-Model Non-Identifiability via an Inference Unresolved cited work

Reference 16

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-13T10:57:39.878716Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-06T06:34:29.942622+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-13T05:06:49.453418Z digest=sha256:4ebc822bf5727729ffa7057981d5420cfbf2b0647160b569c6382040f64be269

Pith citing papers

Observation 23269f6f-a13b-4d5a-84a5-2cc15ba4563a · inbound

Toward AI That Understands Self and Others: A World-Model Theory of Cognitive Diversity and Alignment cites this paper.

Toward AI That Understands Self and Others: A World-Model Theory of Cognitive Diversity and Alignment Why Conclusions Diverge from the Same Observations: Formalizing World-Model Non-Identifiability via an Inference

Reference 85

Resolution
verified exact
local_arxiv, observed 2026-06-29T07:53:13.190076Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-06T06:34:29.942622+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-06-29T07:45:34.902037Z digest=sha256:ea8e511fbef6b20d51bc1f1d22f9be4678faf3fbbcb8a8e2003ecf5e1ba8fc4c