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Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Conflict-Free Replicated Data Types for Neural Network Model Merging: A Two-Layer Architecture Enabling CRDT-Compliant Model Merging Across 26 Strategies

As of 10 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 42 of 42 outbound references and 1 inbound Pith citation observation for arXiv:2605.19373.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2605.19373 v1

Coverage vector

measured 42 of 42 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-05-20T15:43:18.380424Z

measured 43 of 43 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00

measured 1 of 1 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-07-14T12:46:51.615514Z

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: cited_works

Reference resolution

42 of 42 outbound references displayed

  • verified exact3
  • verified fuzzy35
  • unresolved4
  • parse uncertain0
  • malformed identifier0
  • metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation e92bd386-cc9b-4bcc-a685-ca948f1e5149 · outbound

This paper cites Evolutionary optimization of model merging recipes.Nature Machine Intelligence, 7(2):195–204.

Conflict-Free Replicated Data Types for Neural Network Model Merging: A Two-Layer Architecture Enabling CRDT-Compliant Model Merging Across 26 Strategies Evolutionary optimization of model merging recipes.Nature Machine Intelligence, 7(2):195–204

Reference 1

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verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-20T15:43:27.130917Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

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Observation 98028e99-ec79-42fb-bf46-1da157fbbdf4 · outbound

This paper cites Delta state replicated data types.Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing, 111:162–173.

Conflict-Free Replicated Data Types for Neural Network Model Merging: A Two-Layer Architecture Enabling CRDT-Compliant Model Merging Across 26 Strategies Delta state replicated data types.Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing, 111:162–173

Reference 2

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verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-20T15:43:27.121225Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-20T15:43:18.380424Z digest=sha256:500e0cd09bd97d72b63ea0777737138aacba9df34fde4502a422004c8da59d83

Observation 216115e2-d879-44e0-b2cb-e79586972d77 · outbound

This paper cites Making operation-based CRDTs operation- based.

Conflict-Free Replicated Data Types for Neural Network Model Merging: A Two-Layer Architecture Enabling CRDT-Compliant Model Merging Across 26 Strategies Making operation-based CRDTs operation- based

Reference 3

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verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-20T15:43:27.119392Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-20T15:43:18.380424Z digest=sha256:f72fce0cbc802949399f56d4b25737f67ddb7c0e2ae4b754e992e96f0a0506a6

Observation 5cc91e3a-7060-4b47-bed1-6ef37ef54f77 · outbound

This paper cites Machine learning with adversaries: Byzantine tolerant gradient descent.

Conflict-Free Replicated Data Types for Neural Network Model Merging: A Two-Layer Architecture Enabling CRDT-Compliant Model Merging Across 26 Strategies Machine learning with adversaries: Byzantine tolerant gradient descent

Reference 4

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verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-20T15:43:27.123281Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-20T15:43:18.380424Z digest=sha256:be8ff8ed9938d04bccea95b9764b6431e45b026a0c4ba87e0d710a3e85903ed5

Observation 4c3e5c4f-f40b-47e9-b2ef-d80b6a612f61 · outbound

This paper cites Brendan McMahan, Timon Van Overveldt, David Petrou, Daniel Ramage, and Jason Roselander.

Conflict-Free Replicated Data Types for Neural Network Model Merging: A Two-Layer Architecture Enabling CRDT-Compliant Model Merging Across 26 Strategies Brendan McMahan, Timon Van Overveldt, David Petrou, Daniel Ramage, and Jason Roselander

Reference 5

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raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-20T15:43:27.125322Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-20T15:43:18.380424Z digest=sha256:eca2c489e5451a44206fcf82b5c41e352e63b91fd6bb83a4b352da696e2a15f0

Observation 79d13800-4943-46b9-98f0-f81c2af28102 · outbound

This paper cites Model breadcrumbs: Scaling multi-task model merg- ing with sparse masks.

Conflict-Free Replicated Data Types for Neural Network Model Merging: A Two-Layer Architecture Enabling CRDT-Compliant Model Merging Across 26 Strategies Model breadcrumbs: Scaling multi-task model merg- ing with sparse masks

Reference 6

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verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-20T15:43:27.127311Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-20T15:43:18.380424Z digest=sha256:17347b2f061a19a9fc786a2325f6e2f44314a4520d0295fb016405c1f71abbde

Observation 80ca02e9-3cac-4e0f-8cea-f905096c9d43 · outbound

This paper cites Dynamo: Amazon’s highly available key-value store.

Conflict-Free Replicated Data Types for Neural Network Model Merging: A Two-Layer Architecture Enabling CRDT-Compliant Model Merging Across 26 Strategies Dynamo: Amazon’s highly available key-value store

Reference 7

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raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-20T15:43:27.115888Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-20T15:43:18.380424Z digest=sha256:19e8388510861d667f8d23220393b8079e198aa0d1a91070b6c2bf5393c65d7b

Observation f837519a-1da6-433c-bd53-bd328a6b8db5 · outbound

This paper cites DELLA-Merging: Reducing Interference in Model Merging through Magnitude-Based Sampling.

Conflict-Free Replicated Data Types for Neural Network Model Merging: A Two-Layer Architecture Enabling CRDT-Compliant Model Merging Across 26 Strategies DELLA-Merging: Reducing Interference in Model Merging through Magnitude-Based Sampling

Reference 8

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verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-20T15:43:26.796115Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-20T15:43:18.380424Z digest=sha256:994844311591482f5e5a8b6e73b8a7548d094a25817117e54e925c21113b07dc

Observation 3101c131-28bf-4913-808a-78df57fc7f4e · outbound

This paper cites Method and system for conflict- free merging of neural network model parameters using convergent replicated data types.

Conflict-Free Replicated Data Types for Neural Network Model Merging: A Two-Layer Architecture Enabling CRDT-Compliant Model Merging Across 26 Strategies Method and system for conflict- free merging of neural network model parameters using convergent replicated data types

Reference 9

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-20T15:43:27.114101Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-20T15:43:18.380424Z digest=sha256:c63bde3095f46b7d9d07955b19510c0ef04c16c19dac7331c79a99f77c9c40de

Observation 25404bd4-b77d-4cc1-a12d-b4c7b78280fc · outbound

This paper cites Arcee’s MergeKit: A toolkit for merging large lan- guage models.

Conflict-Free Replicated Data Types for Neural Network Model Merging: A Two-Layer Architecture Enabling CRDT-Compliant Model Merging Across 26 Strategies Arcee’s MergeKit: A toolkit for merging large lan- guage models

Reference 10

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-20T15:43:27.108488Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-20T15:43:18.380424Z digest=sha256:8580bc84c0242568c054bf596ab56775b8db5eda600214df3269be2026ecc3f4

Observation df3e6650-5e31-4431-8e67-767bc928b289 · outbound

This paper cites EMR-merging: Tuning-free high-performance model merging.

Conflict-Free Replicated Data Types for Neural Network Model Merging: A Two-Layer Architecture Enabling CRDT-Compliant Model Merging Across 26 Strategies EMR-merging: Tuning-free high-performance model merging

Reference 11

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verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-20T15:43:27.106615Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-20T15:43:18.380424Z digest=sha256:c3c724bd7e3375784955de88ce02961dc03084cb4e58a2bd77b4b657177ca085

Observation aec98202-92c5-4111-b37b-b086823c9ab4 · outbound

This paper cites Editing models with task arithmetic.

Conflict-Free Replicated Data Types for Neural Network Model Merging: A Two-Layer Architecture Enabling CRDT-Compliant Model Merging Across 26 Strategies Editing models with task arithmetic

Reference 12

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verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-20T15:43:27.110432Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-20T15:43:18.380424Z digest=sha256:364c7a73d6ee3b88f818baee2352d414c89afcde680774b3fc85f7b7626f384e

Reference 13

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verified exact
local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-20T15:43:26.798914Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-20T15:43:18.380424Z digest=sha256:cab1b3dbf3d43eebf794b16c2fe9affac9591e8c03109c749cfe5c6ae9ff7bf8

Observation 065a1e2f-70af-466b-a724-fcb309273472 · outbound

This paper cites Dataless knowledge fusion by merging weights of language models.

Conflict-Free Replicated Data Types for Neural Network Model Merging: A Two-Layer Architecture Enabling CRDT-Compliant Model Merging Across 26 Strategies Dataless knowledge fusion by merging weights of language models

Reference 14

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-20T15:43:27.102522Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-20T15:43:18.380424Z digest=sha256:f2b3e00ba87f81c9f05a742afae2b00bdc0386243e72e6625e92aae666edc165

Observation 64de0329-29e7-4b03-97d9-f8b9fd623ace · outbound

This paper cites Brendan McMahan, Brendan Avent, Aurélien Bellet, Mehdi Bennis, Arjun Nitin Bhagoji, Kallista Bonawitz, Zachary Charles, Gra- ham Cormode, Rachel Cummings, Rafael G.

Conflict-Free Replicated Data Types for Neural Network Model Merging: A Two-Layer Architecture Enabling CRDT-Compliant Model Merging Across 26 Strategies Brendan McMahan, Brendan Avent, Aurélien Bellet, Mehdi Bennis, Arjun Nitin Bhagoji, Kallista Bonawitz, Zachary Charles, Gra- ham Cormode, Rachel Cummings, Rafael G

Reference 15

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raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-20T15:43:27.104587Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-20T15:43:18.380424Z digest=sha256:1308e071efbd90fc533c29b427eda725a9365dca9e2c5b40835ff15112aac390

Observation 3dc81c37-06ee-49f3-8d57-478d919ea2a7 · outbound

This paper cites Git- theta: A git extension for collaborative development of machine learning models.

Conflict-Free Replicated Data Types for Neural Network Model Merging: A Two-Layer Architecture Enabling CRDT-Compliant Model Merging Across 26 Strategies Git- theta: A git extension for collaborative development of machine learning models

Reference 16

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raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-20T15:43:27.112250Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-20T15:43:18.380424Z digest=sha256:dc89d8784f840fe926a65e0dd4b7f5d37097c9fffd7acdc1fb9b9cba8283b69b

Observation 9872e1df-dda3-4be0-a691-00187eddf05e · outbound

This paper cites Beresford.

Conflict-Free Replicated Data Types for Neural Network Model Merging: A Two-Layer Architecture Enabling CRDT-Compliant Model Merging Across 26 Strategies Beresford

Reference 17

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raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-20T15:43:27.117578Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-20T15:43:18.380424Z digest=sha256:39e7952df6843f0becb50a48721158dd6d178b5f0fcf9cd1ea77d09bcf4043f5

Observation c05b16ed-61f7-4ab0-9fed-929927eb063c · outbound

This paper cites Stich, and Martin Jaggi.

Conflict-Free Replicated Data Types for Neural Network Model Merging: A Two-Layer Architecture Enabling CRDT-Compliant Model Merging Across 26 Strategies Stich, and Martin Jaggi

Reference 18

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-20T15:43:27.128953Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-20T15:43:18.380424Z digest=sha256:5297e497f601eb105d5163df327532427a74c5f39155e31d07b8d23d2bbd404c

Observation 9f91ec1e-f2d0-4806-82bb-f6fbd801f1e5 · outbound

This paper cites Time, clocks, and the ordering of events in a distributed system.Communications of the ACM, 21(7):558–565.

Conflict-Free Replicated Data Types for Neural Network Model Merging: A Two-Layer Architecture Enabling CRDT-Compliant Model Merging Across 26 Strategies Time, clocks, and the ordering of events in a distributed system.Communications of the ACM, 21(7):558–565

Reference 19

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raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-20T15:43:27.132904Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-20T15:43:18.380424Z digest=sha256:2963f3bf78e3c5a8bbd5c3cf724239aeacdc0dc9b83394b2615172e6d2e576c8

Observation 17f7aeb1-a5d2-400c-833a-0e0c73605d35 · outbound

This paper cites Federated optimization in heterogeneous networks.

Conflict-Free Replicated Data Types for Neural Network Model Merging: A Two-Layer Architecture Enabling CRDT-Compliant Model Merging Across 26 Strategies Federated optimization in heterogeneous networks

Reference 20

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verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-20T15:43:27.094494Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

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Observation 8ba25423-b28d-4d51-9dc0-e821626cc4ed · outbound

This paper cites Can decentralized algorithms outperform centralized algorithms? A case study for decentralized parallel stochastic gra- dient descent.

Conflict-Free Replicated Data Types for Neural Network Model Merging: A Two-Layer Architecture Enabling CRDT-Compliant Model Merging Across 26 Strategies Can decentralized algorithms outperform centralized algorithms? A case study for decentralized parallel stochastic gra- dient descent

Reference 21

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raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-20T15:43:27.096484Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-20T15:43:18.380424Z digest=sha256:27e0ca6645906cb7712013b89e0a1b65ddbed01dd5b9a05436cb45112011016f

Observation 4bd1a552-99fa-40a0-a71c-8e0f7838adb6 · outbound

This paper cites Matena and Colin Raffel.

Conflict-Free Replicated Data Types for Neural Network Model Merging: A Two-Layer Architecture Enabling CRDT-Compliant Model Merging Across 26 Strategies Matena and Colin Raffel

Reference 22

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verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-20T15:43:27.090546Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-20T15:43:18.380424Z digest=sha256:a869190531074dbbc395b07b5775390a309acdf7ff114262f57f1bce5e5fd120

Observation c82fd76d-7942-45c1-8369-eae09c04a9d2 · outbound

This paper cites Brendan McMahan, Eider Moore, Daniel Ra- mage, Seth Hampson, and Blaise Agüera y Arcas.

Conflict-Free Replicated Data Types for Neural Network Model Merging: A Two-Layer Architecture Enabling CRDT-Compliant Model Merging Across 26 Strategies Brendan McMahan, Eider Moore, Daniel Ra- mage, Seth Hampson, and Blaise Agüera y Arcas

Reference 23

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verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-20T15:43:27.092711Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-20T15:43:18.380424Z digest=sha256:2b7c5ce11aaa4fc161a65b7a1e5234cc8e8c9e27b791300c4eee5f6e0b81c547

Observation a053bc54-6e0c-4567-9795-ef92a005f14b · outbound

This paper cites Conflict-free replicated data types (CRDTs).

Conflict-Free Replicated Data Types for Neural Network Model Merging: A Two-Layer Architecture Enabling CRDT-Compliant Model Merging Across 26 Strategies Conflict-free replicated data types (CRDTs)

Reference 24

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raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-20T15:43:27.098368Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-20T15:43:18.380424Z digest=sha256:2cc7b68c7fe43619717f7c24683b379bd2000c0c4aa8103e21286a0ec4019d00

Observation c90f12d4-5932-40d6-8cbe-ab8bfbf93e8e · outbound

This paper cites Language models are unsupervised multitask learners.

Conflict-Free Replicated Data Types for Neural Network Model Merging: A Two-Layer Architecture Enabling CRDT-Compliant Model Merging Across 26 Strategies Language models are unsupervised multitask learners

Reference 25

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-20T15:43:27.086769Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-20T15:43:18.380424Z digest=sha256:d208a9b225f85cec750262e13e41fc32708122ae8718dd7c1d1382d735bc6685

Reference 26

Resolution
verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-20T15:43:26.792974Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-20T15:43:18.380424Z digest=sha256:73f193ac49db564465f2264626a6d663ccde3e6709072c0ed4fcaf183bfbaeff

Observation d8edf0c7-691b-48d9-8ded-0e3b697474b1 · outbound

This paper cites Schneider.

Conflict-Free Replicated Data Types for Neural Network Model Merging: A Two-Layer Architecture Enabling CRDT-Compliant Model Merging Across 26 Strategies Schneider

Reference 27

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-20T15:43:27.084540Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-20T15:43:18.380424Z digest=sha256:0ad63a8015f42182b3c14f24e74c8a1e4d76fa712dcb820c5027351f1efd47b1

Observation c2c97a9c-1b69-4c84-b38c-5aa5e58aca13 · outbound

This paper cites A comprehensive study of convergent and commutative replicated data types.

Conflict-Free Replicated Data Types for Neural Network Model Merging: A Two-Layer Architecture Enabling CRDT-Compliant Model Merging Across 26 Strategies A comprehensive study of convergent and commutative replicated data types

Reference 28

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-20T15:43:27.088756Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-20T15:43:18.380424Z digest=sha256:e775054d8369e9e9789ff9b05779c7b37ec38c911ddff86329b87db9a51b9ef6

Observation 1b0231bd-0e36-41ef-88b1-0e0b8b9fbd55 · outbound

This paper cites Conflict-free replicated data types.

Conflict-Free Replicated Data Types for Neural Network Model Merging: A Two-Layer Architecture Enabling CRDT-Compliant Model Merging Across 26 Strategies Conflict-free replicated data types

Reference 29

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-20T15:43:27.100271Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-20T15:43:18.380424Z digest=sha256:12d0a3bc3c334ecdfbb5896e4d6c35d77b0eecb3930c1a9e83c16223c580efdd

Observation a3a6ced5-dbfe-496a-a912-f7e03d0bdda3 · outbound

This paper cites Animating rotation with quaternion curves.

Conflict-Free Replicated Data Types for Neural Network Model Merging: A Two-Layer Architecture Enabling CRDT-Compliant Model Merging Across 26 Strategies Animating rotation with quaternion curves

Reference 30

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-20T15:43:27.080765Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-20T15:43:18.380424Z digest=sha256:f890004934a6217415e27d1b495ee82c0db2f6497ce9f9219426fea649652076

Observation 39b17511-42fb-48ce-b4e8-c5e2cbc366e1 · outbound

This paper cites Eventually consistent.Communica- tions of the ACM, 52(1):40–44.

Conflict-Free Replicated Data Types for Neural Network Model Merging: A Two-Layer Architecture Enabling CRDT-Compliant Model Merging Across 26 Strategies Eventually consistent.Communica- tions of the ACM, 52(1):40–44

Reference 31

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-20T15:43:27.134625Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-20T15:43:18.380424Z digest=sha256:17c1101ef77cac8e93e54a2c035c844d7e2631819502d42762194370d964a1ee

Observation 5f0ae0c8-f01c-4623-ae0d-0a6729f5fbba · outbound

This paper cites Morcos, Hongseok Namkoong, Ali Farhadi, Yair Carmon, Simon Kornblith, and Ludwig Schmidt.

Conflict-Free Replicated Data Types for Neural Network Model Merging: A Two-Layer Architecture Enabling CRDT-Compliant Model Merging Across 26 Strategies Morcos, Hongseok Namkoong, Ali Farhadi, Yair Carmon, Simon Kornblith, and Ludwig Schmidt

Reference 32

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-20T15:43:27.076613Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-20T15:43:18.380424Z digest=sha256:bcdcc234ff20dc69bee2a15971d3171e13cb14ffdc2e62bcf22cef4c818530fd

Observation b2a89e3f-7e59-4b48-9961-9fce5f9cf1fb · outbound

This paper cites TIES-merging: Resolving interference when merging models.

Conflict-Free Replicated Data Types for Neural Network Model Merging: A Two-Layer Architecture Enabling CRDT-Compliant Model Merging Across 26 Strategies TIES-merging: Resolving interference when merging models

Reference 33

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-20T15:43:27.078694Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-20T15:43:18.380424Z digest=sha256:849496148ae4ec10ebea2b003e0296e4d0128c29790c601b6b1466fda88aa4a2

Observation d9792dd3-935b-4889-8f66-d6555bd114ff · outbound

This paper cites Model merging in LLMs, MLLMs, and beyond: Methods, theories, applications and opportunities.ACM Computing Surveys, 58(8).

Conflict-Free Replicated Data Types for Neural Network Model Merging: A Two-Layer Architecture Enabling CRDT-Compliant Model Merging Across 26 Strategies Model merging in LLMs, MLLMs, and beyond: Methods, theories, applications and opportunities.ACM Computing Surveys, 58(8)

Reference 34

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-20T15:43:27.082695Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-20T15:43:18.380424Z digest=sha256:b39d9421b951ccf3bac2e063e9152c7a9e1a0c813618b4b3e2d947b2ce0af262

Observation 2d49f600-4614-490e-a2ca-de7598f73782 · outbound

This paper cites Representationsurgeryformulti-taskmodelmerging.

Conflict-Free Replicated Data Types for Neural Network Model Merging: A Two-Layer Architecture Enabling CRDT-Compliant Model Merging Across 26 Strategies Representationsurgeryformulti-taskmodelmerging

Reference 35

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-20T15:43:27.138256Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-20T15:43:18.380424Z digest=sha256:c58d8acbab6f617034c2eae2bdc14236bb6e26c277fe20b8f9eb5ea0c1365c90

Observation b065cd94-b67f-4f15-b514-0bd16b507bc1 · outbound

This paper cites AdaMerging: Adaptive model merging for multi-task learning.

Conflict-Free Replicated Data Types for Neural Network Model Merging: A Two-Layer Architecture Enabling CRDT-Compliant Model Merging Across 26 Strategies AdaMerging: Adaptive model merging for multi-task learning

Reference 36

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-20T15:43:27.070589Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-20T15:43:18.380424Z digest=sha256:fe4194e7a4dbd26c6d319a0c2775a8ba7d3dbc44f45a347333ef4580ddce2974

Observation a95bfc3f-ca9d-45c9-ae24-38656a3a33a9 · outbound

This paper cites nearly associative.

Conflict-Free Replicated Data Types for Neural Network Model Merging: A Two-Layer Architecture Enabling CRDT-Compliant Model Merging Across 26 Strategies nearly associative

Reference 37

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-20T15:43:27.072649Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-20T15:43:18.380424Z digest=sha256:59bb9988b4376dfd0a8f3714753ac5e0de8435dd4e4425b39e746b470740c4c3

Observation 33909133-ba9f-4c97-be4e-28242205685b · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Conflict-Free Replicated Data Types for Neural Network Model Merging: A Two-Layer Architecture Enabling CRDT-Compliant Model Merging Across 26 Strategies Unresolved cited work

Reference 38

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-20T15:43:27.136437Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-20T15:43:18.380424Z digest=sha256:e6a6206b1c7cae404230b9d4f3f401f6a64f411178b5ff99444ad3ed4493c439

Observation 77844273-cf82-49b5-a62a-15d5f2ce3259 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Conflict-Free Replicated Data Types for Neural Network Model Merging: A Two-Layer Architecture Enabling CRDT-Compliant Model Merging Across 26 Strategies Unresolved cited work

Reference 39

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-20T15:43:27.066029Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-20T15:43:18.380424Z digest=sha256:5a51f45fd0da0844c64b167fb414aa4d423d1aa270322176fdc0359982011735

Observation 958e2917-0abf-4805-a314-696a5c545c18 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Conflict-Free Replicated Data Types for Neural Network Model Merging: A Two-Layer Architecture Enabling CRDT-Compliant Model Merging Across 26 Strategies Unresolved cited work

Reference 40

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-20T15:43:27.064070Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-20T15:43:18.380424Z digest=sha256:8b47cca3dbecde922b368651ff702645ac08e3a973f02a356c2cbbaf11694d24

Observation 1b96616e-72a3-42a9-9614-0402dec9c4de · outbound

This paper cites For multi-party convergence with k > 2nodes, associativity guarantees that the order of pairwise state merges does not affect the final state [28].

Conflict-Free Replicated Data Types for Neural Network Model Merging: A Two-Layer Architecture Enabling CRDT-Compliant Model Merging Across 26 Strategies For multi-party convergence with k > 2nodes, associativity guarantees that the order of pairwise state merges does not affect the final state [28]

Reference 41

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-20T15:43:27.068446Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-20T15:43:18.380424Z digest=sha256:2fad01a1184faf308decc4a3ab5c28de0b839b9eaa3a809dae36de86a027bd83

Observation 8e169cee-e036-4118-8a7d-72cc93515b07 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Conflict-Free Replicated Data Types for Neural Network Model Merging: A Two-Layer Architecture Enabling CRDT-Compliant Model Merging Across 26 Strategies Unresolved cited work

Reference 42

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-20T15:43:27.074587Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-20T15:43:18.380424Z digest=sha256:d72afe3d2a0a0185e7524d51986ecb886789a602e9b0ee914f214628d534318d

Pith citing papers

Observation 0a403477-b8fe-4461-b919-e17d8c80a089 · inbound

Byzantine Accountability Without Consensus: Strong Eventual Consistency for Non-Associative, Stochastic, Robust Aggregation cites this paper.

Byzantine Accountability Without Consensus: Strong Eventual Consistency for Non-Associative, Stochastic, Robust Aggregation Conflict-Free Replicated Data Types for Neural Network Model Merging: A Two-Layer Architecture Enabling CRDT-Compliant Model Merging Across 26 Strategies

Reference 19

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-07-14T12:46:51.615514Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-07-14T12:46:51.615514Z digest=sha256:ce6a5be660710de3524407d809542887e649131fc0ed88c54145b36ed2807dd1