Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

An Empirical Study of Data Scale, Model Complexity, and Input Modalities in Visual Generalization

As of 22 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 35 of 35 outbound references and 0 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2606.04409.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2606.04409 v2

Coverage vector

measured 35 of 35 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-06-28T06:52:57.103343Z

measured 35 of 35 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00

measured 0 of 0 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: cited_works

Reference resolution

35 of 35 outbound references displayed

verified exact1
verified fuzzy0
unresolved33
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier0
metadata mismatch1

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation 53f2ef9e-a14e-4e95-ac3a-50a75233a341 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

An Empirical Study of Data Scale, Model Complexity, and Input Modalities in Visual Generalization Unresolved cited work

Reference 1

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-06-28T06:52:57.103343Z

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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 6891840e-2bc0-4165-8985-794412c320c2 · outbound

This paper cites Gomez, Lukasz Kaiser, and Illia Polosukhin.

An Empirical Study of Data Scale, Model Complexity, and Input Modalities in Visual Generalization Gomez, Lukasz Kaiser, and Illia Polosukhin

Reference 2

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-06-28T06:52:57.103343Z

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Observation 2056c402-6e56-4c46-b7f2-eb652f2c6cad · outbound

This paper cites High- resolution image synthesis with latent diffusion models.

An Empirical Study of Data Scale, Model Complexity, and Input Modalities in Visual Generalization High- resolution image synthesis with latent diffusion models

Reference 3

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-06-28T06:52:57.103343Z

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Observation 7dbcd721-b50a-4fea-8891-2e13c02c698a · outbound

This paper cites Neural networks and the bias/variance dilemma.

An Empirical Study of Data Scale, Model Complexity, and Input Modalities in Visual Generalization Neural networks and the bias/variance dilemma

Reference 4

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-06-28T06:52:57.103343Z

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Observation abab394a-4e42-40cf-acff-b1abe457e9a6 · outbound

This paper cites Vapnik and Alexey Ya.

An Empirical Study of Data Scale, Model Complexity, and Input Modalities in Visual Generalization Vapnik and Alexey Ya

Reference 5

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-06-28T06:52:57.103343Z

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Observation acac7094-65a0-42c1-aaeb-ac175fae652f · outbound

This paper cites Understandingdeep learning requires rethinking generalization.

An Empirical Study of Data Scale, Model Complexity, and Input Modalities in Visual Generalization Understandingdeep learning requires rethinking generalization

Reference 6

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-06-28T06:52:57.103343Z

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Observation 79523743-2f35-4be0-9ac3-25fded78c354 · outbound

This paper cites Reconciling modern machine-learning practice and the classical bias–variance trade-off.

An Empirical Study of Data Scale, Model Complexity, and Input Modalities in Visual Generalization Reconciling modern machine-learning practice and the classical bias–variance trade-off

Reference 7

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-06-28T06:52:57.103343Z

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Observation de5e69c4-34e1-4f05-94b5-405bf35ce241 · outbound

This paper cites Deep doubledescent: Wherebiggermodelsandmoredata hurt.

An Empirical Study of Data Scale, Model Complexity, and Input Modalities in Visual Generalization Deep doubledescent: Wherebiggermodelsandmoredata hurt

Reference 8

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-06-28T06:52:57.103343Z

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Observation 2c7438c0-3e6a-4fd6-833a-1a2b9b0b7e18 · outbound

This paper cites Emergent abilities of large language mod- els.Transactions on Machine Learning Research, 2022.

An Empirical Study of Data Scale, Model Complexity, and Input Modalities in Visual Generalization Emergent abilities of large language mod- els.Transactions on Machine Learning Research, 2022

Reference 9

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-06-28T06:52:57.103343Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 23715771-fe70-4e3a-aa43-c916374206e4 · outbound

This paper cites Feature visualization.https://distill.

An Empirical Study of Data Scale, Model Complexity, and Input Modalities in Visual Generalization Feature visualization.https://distill

Reference 10

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-06-28T06:52:57.103343Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation a4e5033e-8d64-458f-8e0f-933bc4190d51 · outbound

This paper cites Zeiler and Rob Fergus.

An Empirical Study of Data Scale, Model Complexity, and Input Modalities in Visual Generalization Zeiler and Rob Fergus

Reference 11

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-06-28T06:52:57.103343Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation ae499711-9533-4b3b-a346-6c596c8a8160 · outbound

This paper cites Incorporating Image Gradients as Secondary Input Associated with Input Image to Improve the Performance of the CNN Model.

An Empirical Study of Data Scale, Model Complexity, and Input Modalities in Visual Generalization Incorporating Image Gradients as Secondary Input Associated with Input Image to Improve the Performance of the CNN Model

Reference 12

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-07-02T07:36:44.813183Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation 733c483d-d2d9-460f-9f89-35b69e80b0cd · outbound

This paper cites Wavelet integrated cnns for noise-robust image clas- sification.

An Empirical Study of Data Scale, Model Complexity, and Input Modalities in Visual Generalization Wavelet integrated cnns for noise-robust image clas- sification

Reference 13

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-06-28T06:52:57.103343Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation ba8fd88d-ce78-49f6-9dc6-d71dfd350919 · outbound

This paper cites Learning multiple layers of features from tiny images.

An Empirical Study of Data Scale, Model Complexity, and Input Modalities in Visual Generalization Learning multiple layers of features from tiny images

Reference 14

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-06-28T06:52:57.103343Z

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Observation 9f2cdffc-d26c-4bbb-b973-c6a939856768 · outbound

This paper cites Exploring gener- alization in deep learning.

An Empirical Study of Data Scale, Model Complexity, and Input Modalities in Visual Generalization Exploring gener- alization in deep learning

Reference 15

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-06-28T06:52:57.103343Z

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Observation 6f0d74d8-f17a-4146-b99d-9ba70870fbf7 · outbound

This paper cites Revisiting unreasonable effec- tiveness of data in deep learning era.

An Empirical Study of Data Scale, Model Complexity, and Input Modalities in Visual Generalization Revisiting unreasonable effec- tiveness of data in deep learning era

Reference 16

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-06-28T06:52:57.103343Z

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Observation b7fb159a-cef6-4470-969c-145ecea63775 · outbound

This paper cites Deep Learning Scaling is Predictable, Empirically.

An Empirical Study of Data Scale, Model Complexity, and Input Modalities in Visual Generalization Deep Learning Scaling is Predictable, Empirically

Reference 17

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Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation 9f4095bc-9ff9-48de-82ef-dd89caefd404 · outbound

This paper cites Bartlett and Shahar Mendelson.

An Empirical Study of Data Scale, Model Complexity, and Input Modalities in Visual Generalization Bartlett and Shahar Mendelson

Reference 18

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-06-28T06:52:57.103343Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation 2b815d06-2632-4ca7-acc0-5949621d0950 · outbound

This paper cites Stability and generalization.Journal of Machine Learning Re- search, 2:499–526, 2002.

An Empirical Study of Data Scale, Model Complexity, and Input Modalities in Visual Generalization Stability and generalization.Journal of Machine Learning Re- search, 2:499–526, 2002

Reference 19

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-06-28T06:52:57.103343Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation bda263f2-1eb4-4776-9659-0c45da6a8d49 · outbound

This paper cites Deep residual learning for image recog- nition.

An Empirical Study of Data Scale, Model Complexity, and Input Modalities in Visual Generalization Deep residual learning for image recog- nition

Reference 20

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-06-28T06:52:57.103343Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation 73fc9c86-f7e8-4c02-b422-05cdc0d4f4d9 · outbound

This paper cites Mitchell.

An Empirical Study of Data Scale, Model Complexity, and Input Modalities in Visual Generalization Mitchell

Reference 21

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-06-28T06:52:57.103343Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation 3f21d910-beab-49ab-87bd-f64e3fe0a558 · outbound

This paper cites MIT Press, 2016.

An Empirical Study of Data Scale, Model Complexity, and Input Modalities in Visual Generalization MIT Press, 2016

Reference 22

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-06-28T06:52:57.103343Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation a03448d9-4a0f-4ece-b3ab-baac8f440281 · outbound

This paper cites King, and Kevin W.

An Empirical Study of Data Scale, Model Complexity, and Input Modalities in Visual Generalization King, and Kevin W

Reference 23

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-06-28T06:52:57.103343Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation cb6963e8-72d6-4e5c-8dd6-bcf8047a4b9d · outbound

This paper cites Cottrell.

An Empirical Study of Data Scale, Model Complexity, and Input Modalities in Visual Generalization Cottrell

Reference 24

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-06-28T06:52:57.103343Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation 8d0821fe-c237-425f-a340-a4edd0d1ebc0 · outbound

This paper cites Color representation in deep neural net- works.

An Empirical Study of Data Scale, Model Complexity, and Input Modalities in Visual Generalization Color representation in deep neural net- works

Reference 25

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-06-28T06:52:57.103343Z

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Observation 0a912f49-7312-42a1-aa58-afed52adf393 · outbound

This paper cites Weinberger.

An Empirical Study of Data Scale, Model Complexity, and Input Modalities in Visual Generalization Weinberger

Reference 26

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-06-28T06:52:57.103343Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation 9134248a-2a2e-4301-b354-7dbb6181c0c2 · outbound

This paper cites Kanwal, Tegan Maharaj, Asja Fischer, Aaron Courville, Yoshua Bengio, and Simon Lacoste- Julien.

An Empirical Study of Data Scale, Model Complexity, and Input Modalities in Visual Generalization Kanwal, Tegan Maharaj, Asja Fischer, Aaron Courville, Yoshua Bengio, and Simon Lacoste- Julien

Reference 27

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-06-28T06:52:57.103343Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation 578c7713-aa3f-4d39-9f09-6665df67c6fa · outbound

This paper cites Onthe spectralbias of neural networks.

An Empirical Study of Data Scale, Model Complexity, and Input Modalities in Visual Generalization Onthe spectralbias of neural networks

Reference 28

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-06-28T06:52:57.103343Z

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Observation 360b2441-86b9-4d3b-b5d1-f1ad84987368 · outbound

This paper cites Imagenet: A large-scale hierar- chical image database.

An Empirical Study of Data Scale, Model Complexity, and Input Modalities in Visual Generalization Imagenet: A large-scale hierar- chical image database

Reference 29

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-06-28T06:52:57.103343Z

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Observation 4fa2bb1d-1419-4a8c-b3d2-2ba362d03be8 · outbound

This paper cites A computational approach to edge de- tection.IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, PAMI-8(6):679–698, 1986.

An Empirical Study of Data Scale, Model Complexity, and Input Modalities in Visual Generalization A computational approach to edge de- tection.IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, PAMI-8(6):679–698, 1986

Reference 30

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-06-28T06:52:57.103343Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation da9a735c-d4d0-4c35-a5ba-aab408ed20a8 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

An Empirical Study of Data Scale, Model Complexity, and Input Modalities in Visual Generalization Unresolved cited work

Reference 31

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-06-28T06:52:57.103343Z

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Observation bd3032b1-027a-4c25-9277-a7577a710757 · outbound

This paper cites Wichmann, and Wieland Brendel.

An Empirical Study of Data Scale, Model Complexity, and Input Modalities in Visual Generalization Wichmann, and Wieland Brendel

Reference 32

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-06-28T06:52:57.103343Z

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Observation 99eb9572-307d-4adf-8682-a4df9e44ad18 · outbound

This paper cites Squeeze-and- excitationnetworks.

An Empirical Study of Data Scale, Model Complexity, and Input Modalities in Visual Generalization Squeeze-and- excitationnetworks

Reference 33

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-06-28T06:52:57.103343Z

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Observation f8f34a49-a056-4549-9532-3d9c47d9b541 · outbound

This paper cites Multimodal machine learning: A survey and taxonomy.IEEE Transactions on Pat- tern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 41(2):423– 443, 2019.

An Empirical Study of Data Scale, Model Complexity, and Input Modalities in Visual Generalization Multimodal machine learning: A survey and taxonomy.IEEE Transactions on Pat- tern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 41(2):423– 443, 2019

Reference 34

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-06-28T06:52:57.103343Z

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Observation 6130a451-0bfc-423b-86e4-69296b6240a8 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

An Empirical Study of Data Scale, Model Complexity, and Input Modalities in Visual Generalization Unresolved cited work

Reference 35

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-06-28T06:52:57.103343Z

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Pith citing papers

No inbound Pith citation observations are available.