Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-06-28T06:33:33.539031Z
Paper Citation Record · LEDGER
As of 13 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 75 of 75 outbound references and 0 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2606.05104.
A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.
Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-06-28T06:33:33.539031Z
One-hop event checks from named stored sources.
Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00
Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links
A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.
Source: cited_works
75 of 75 outbound references displayed
External citation measurements
No source-named external measurement is stored.
Observation 4e3ef834-3dff-4a2f-9bdf-4b1a205417b3 · outbound
Knowledge Index of Noah's Ark Introducing Claude Opus 4.6, February 2026
Reference 1
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 84f742fe-c5d0-4549-ba4f-816bf16b14f3 · outbound
Knowledge Index of Noah's Ark Introducing Claude Sonnet 4.6, February 2026
Reference 2
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 6ce9ade8-834c-4fca-a6ba-e159d90ea8ac · outbound
Knowledge Index of Noah's Ark The Llama 4 Herd: Architecture, Training, Evaluation, and Deployment Notes
Reference 3
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No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation 31f8ede0-5eb4-4152-a785-049b90317f4d · outbound
Knowledge Index of Noah's Ark ARC Prize 2024: Technical Report
Reference 4
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No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation 5d3abde9-b46f-432a-8d8c-ea659e26322a · outbound
Knowledge Index of Noah's Ark ARC-AGI-2: A New Challenge for Frontier AI Reasoning Systems
Reference 5
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No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation dcbcdb86-a7dd-481e-8bd4-5b7100c18574 · outbound
Knowledge Index of Noah's Ark Gemini, February 2026
Reference 6
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation f4dc1e71-8a18-4d15-b4d3-61827851c734 · outbound
Knowledge Index of Noah's Ark SuperGPQA: Scaling LLM evaluation across 285 graduate disciplines,
Reference 7
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 7cbf68fb-8604-4db7-9be6-2772df542501 · outbound
Knowledge Index of Noah's Ark SuperGPQA: Scaling LLM Evaluation across 285 Graduate Disciplines
Reference 8
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No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation e1a7ab44-d630-403d-828a-985839f3bfd9 · outbound
Knowledge Index of Noah's Ark Datasheets for datasets.Communications of the ACM, 64(12):86–92, 2021
Reference 9
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 60ad93e2-6461-4c72-8427-cc59753e5a69 · outbound
Reference 10
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No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation 777179ee-8377-4db4-bf3c-ac7cf0daa441 · outbound
Reference 11
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No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation 210a8381-01ee-45b6-b955-0fd889d4d677 · outbound
Knowledge Index of Noah's Ark Measuring Massive Multitask Language Understanding
Reference 12
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No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation 4e684c03-0862-47bb-963b-53c437fcc40f · outbound
Knowledge Index of Noah's Ark Huang, A
Reference 13
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No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation 6bb6146d-f486-4f97-82f3-7882ea1fa885 · outbound
Reference 14
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No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation e32e8495-c554-4399-ad4c-bc757a9302a0 · outbound
Knowledge Index of Noah's Ark Rank-order tournaments as optimum labor contracts.Journal of Political Economy, 89(5):841–864, 1981
Reference 15
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 5addab74-83b1-45f9-a3b6-abb350b39064 · outbound
Knowledge Index of Noah's Ark DeepSeek-V3.2: Pushing the frontier of open large language models,
Reference 16
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Observation f7be2b35-0b81-4de6-89a1-04131a99d794 · outbound
Knowledge Index of Noah's Ark DeepSeek-V3.2: Pushing the Frontier of Open Large Language Models
Reference 17
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No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation cdbe1290-9dc6-4858-8f5e-f7178d6544a9 · outbound
Knowledge Index of Noah's Ark Learn to explain: Multimodal reasoning via thought chains for science question answering
Reference 18
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Observation d04aae36-0ce2-48cb-9ce8-1fad1edd3386 · outbound
Knowledge Index of Noah's Ark MiniMax M2.5: Built for real-world productivity, February 2026
Reference 19
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Observation 5476f828-e4a3-4ad7-a5a9-bd2ce318b9e8 · outbound
Knowledge Index of Noah's Ark An analysis of approximations for maximizing submodular set functions—i.Mathematical Programming, 14(1):265–294, 1978
Reference 20
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Observation e17e1aff-c42a-47cf-8d1d-640af38152b9 · outbound
Knowledge Index of Noah's Ark Adversarial nli: A new benchmark for natural language understanding
Reference 21
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Observation 2fd18145-6e1b-4b22-bb8d-c462a12742fc · outbound
Knowledge Index of Noah's Ark Introducing GPT-5.2, December 2025
Reference 22
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Observation 0aa15ae1-6f9c-408d-87da-bd53ad8cdb3b · outbound
Knowledge Index of Noah's Ark Introducing GPT-5.4, March 2026
Reference 23
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Observation 4524f09c-9c77-4837-93f3-df609faec814 · outbound
Knowledge Index of Noah's Ark A benchmark of expert-level academic questions to assess AI capabilities.Nature, 649(8099):1139–1146, 2026
Reference 24
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Observation b39881ef-8169-4de3-b7b0-a730ec00cfaa · outbound
Knowledge Index of Noah's Ark GPQA: A Graduate-Level Google-Proof Q&A Benchmark
Reference 25
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No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation a2568673-c75c-4e7a-9fcb-ffcb1773bba8 · outbound
Knowledge Index of Noah's Ark Seed 2.0 official launch, February 2026
Reference 26
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Observation 230a5230-8697-4fc7-b29b-6974e4210243 · outbound
Knowledge Index of Noah's Ark Kimi K2.5: Visual Agentic Intelligence
Reference 27
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No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation e056b10e-f6e1-4257-bbbf-4233511b9110 · outbound
Knowledge Index of Noah's Ark Qwen3-Max: Just scale it, September 2025
Reference 28
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Observation 021236be-5266-4b36-883f-c1475839130a · outbound
Knowledge Index of Noah's Ark Qwen3.5: Accelerating productivity with native multimodal agents, February 2026
Reference 29
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Observation 56bd5ae8-2d27-4508-9d83-78bf1185f629 · outbound
Reference 30
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No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation 0b425e98-70da-458c-8c1b-938bd3918292 · outbound
Knowledge Index of Noah's Ark Position: The Hidden Costs and Measurement Gaps of Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards
Reference 31
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation 8eee3947-9cfb-4cdf-af58-60fcaedb3aab · outbound
Knowledge Index of Noah's Ark Superglue: A stickier benchmark for general-purpose language understanding systems.Advances in neural information processing systems, 32, 2019
Reference 32
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Observation ba13dc46-a08a-481b-a01e-67efeb3e57aa · outbound
Knowledge Index of Noah's Ark MMLU-Pro: A more robust and challenging multi-task language understanding benchmark.Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, 37:95266–95290, 2024
Reference 33
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Observation ed7fe762-260d-41a0-817c-a96581b6a959 · outbound
Knowledge Index of Noah's Ark Grok-4-1 model card, November 2025
Reference 34
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Observation e1fad130-a5ca-4fb6-a92e-42a0508a16e3 · outbound
Reference 35
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No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation b1737b14-699b-4aa0-8bbd-26fb33f239fd · outbound
Reference 36
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No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation 9b665fb6-e019-4973-a24c-eefe30cb777f · outbound
Knowledge Index of Noah's Ark GLM-5: from Vibe Coding to Agentic Engineering
Reference 37
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No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation eb860f87-0794-4ac1-a7d2-25d33243c80c · outbound
Knowledge Index of Noah's Ark Zhai et al
Reference 38
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No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation 0ccc60f2-d71c-49d5-919f-aafd762e57c2 · outbound
Knowledge Index of Noah's Ark By defining N=D ⊤M −1D, it follows that N∈R 3Nc×3Nc
Reference 39
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Observation c1dd5ba2-3240-4a94-a60e-622403be2817 · outbound
Knowledge Index of Noah's Ark Unresolved cited work
Reference 40
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Observation e3e2fa43-5097-402b-a971-10ff3a356251 · outbound
Knowledge Index of Noah's Ark sublinear inN
Reference 41
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Observation d2090cbc-c177-4894-947a-e7f55334c08c · outbound
Knowledge Index of Noah's Ark Given ∆t= 0.1s , M= 2I,v k = 3m/s,∆tf B = 4N s, and P Diγi = 6N s, we calculatev k+1 as follows: vk+1 =v k + 1 M ∆t fB + X Diγi = 3 + 1 2 (4 + 6) = 8m/s
Reference 42
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Observation f948d2f6-c06d-4bd3-b450-0710d3531808 · outbound
Knowledge Index of Noah's Ark Unresolved cited work
Reference 43
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Observation 57a19f24-6d13-434f-87ee-e163934e80ae · outbound
Knowledge Index of Noah's Ark Unresolved cited work
Reference 44
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Observation 5420513c-296f-4cf3-b138-8b376c625e67 · outbound
Knowledge Index of Noah's Ark Unresolved cited work
Reference 45
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No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.
Observation 8e9203ae-dc8e-46c5-8306-c77ddf3811ee · outbound
Knowledge Index of Noah's Ark If a discipline were to be evaluated using only 3 to 5 questions, the submitted instance must be fundamental and comprehensive enough to be one of them
Reference 46
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Observation cb1ca0bb-7a9f-4616-886c-a0afd00786fe · outbound
Knowledge Index of Noah's Ark What We Reject:
Reference 47
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Observation c9826121-97d6-47ee-8b64-60a55db0abda · outbound
Knowledge Index of Noah's Ark What is the 100th digit ofπ?
Reference 48
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Observation 4f86dbd9-a4ed-44a4-956d-f058daf7336a · outbound
Knowledge Index of Noah's Ark Unresolved cited work
Reference 49
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Observation 1fff27fa-bf06-474d-9cce-e5ee2ffbc99c · outbound
Knowledge Index of Noah's Ark Unresolved cited work
Reference 50
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Observation 5c88d634-2cfc-4dcc-bd51-ddf8fb4cc7ef · outbound
Knowledge Index of Noah's Ark E.2.3 Standardized Annotation Workflow The question authoring process is strictly compartmentalized into six components
Reference 51
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Observation 56b69e39-c6b1-49b0-9dec-7753f4f1d6d0 · outbound
Knowledge Index of Noah's Ark Unresolved cited work
Reference 52
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Observation 2546b316-6513-45d7-a8ae-a7365ea25606 · outbound
Knowledge Index of Noah's Ark You are an expert
Reference 53
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Observation de28921f-9f15-4617-8c18-d734fac69f25 · outbound
Knowledge Index of Noah's Ark Unresolved cited work
Reference 54
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Observation 11ea904e-54d4-468a-aa13-281711353909 · outbound
Knowledge Index of Noah's Ark Unresolved cited work
Reference 55
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Observation 42ee22f6-8521-4ab8-8620-fc308eb66c6a · outbound
Knowledge Index of Noah's Ark Unresolved cited work
Reference 56
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Observation 5bc276ce-7d60-43c0-812e-80d084c0aee1 · outbound
Knowledge Index of Noah's Ark Unresolved cited work
Reference 57
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Observation a71cc693-6abf-4fc2-a021-d7b21e033451 · outbound
Knowledge Index of Noah's Ark Unresolved cited work
Reference 58
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Observation cdbe4d4d-2b48-4f92-a40f-6a14b3d2d12f · outbound
Knowledge Index of Noah's Ark Statements 4 and 5 merely test pure static memory of isolated trivia, lacking sufficient cognitive coverage to serve as a representative evaluation probe
Reference 59
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Observation 4cc2f29a-9e9a-4c66-8c71-c726924a6d28 · outbound
Knowledge Index of Noah's Ark Models can exploit this logical leakage (selecting A, D, or E would technically be correct)
Reference 60
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Observation 70a47e6b-eb44-41a0-9309-ee30eb22e550 · outbound
Knowledge Index of Noah's Ark Unresolved cited work
Reference 61
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Observation c0c0d063-1dbb-4d47-9424-4bf4bda9e5f4 · outbound
Knowledge Index of Noah's Ark Chapter 1
Reference 62
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Observation da09c92b-f7a9-4465-acfb-28032c7cb1dd · outbound
Knowledge Index of Noah's Ark Unresolved cited work
Reference 63
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Observation fb2cb13d-6d87-44f2-8d39-5c8c55f76928 · outbound
Knowledge Index of Noah's Ark Unresolved cited work
Reference 64
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Observation 315a5449-f7b4-46d8-af3d-bf62c8492d35 · outbound
Knowledge Index of Noah's Ark Unresolved cited work
Reference 65
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Observation 2693dd0f-40f0-4e9e-8fcc-ad23321b3073 · outbound
Knowledge Index of Noah's Ark Unresolved cited work
Reference 66
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Observation 4079a553-b898-40b6-b2a5-2d56f8463ce3 · outbound
Knowledge Index of Noah's Ark selected_questions
Reference 67
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Observation 68bd2279-6dec-44dd-82b8-de381f5a12d1 · outbound
Knowledge Index of Noah's Ark Unresolved cited work
Reference 68
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Observation 4f118c21-fa8a-44c4-9a3f-2570522f8f21 · outbound
Knowledge Index of Noah's Ark Source Confidence
Reference 69
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Observation f9e47693-0306-4a99-8c8a-3a6df023ca64 · outbound
Knowledge Index of Noah's Ark Assuming no [Confounding Factor B]
Reference 70
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Observation ff7457cc-aede-41df-88e1-311c337a124b · outbound
Knowledge Index of Noah's Ark Unresolved cited work
Reference 71
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Observation 2512ee03-7afa-45d0-8b2d-f745fb34f60c · outbound
Knowledge Index of Noah's Ark Is Theory X correct?
Reference 72
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Observation 7c4d0aaf-2732-4b73-8899-a475542edaa2 · outbound
Knowledge Index of Noah's Ark Unresolved cited work
Reference 73
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Observation 86f18d74-410b-4057-8535-582edc29dc88 · outbound
Knowledge Index of Noah's Ark Unresolved cited work
Reference 74
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Observation b6d2d429-6b13-454c-b551-80df7b3042fa · outbound
Knowledge Index of Noah's Ark Assuming setting X
Reference 75
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No inbound Pith citation observations are available.