Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-06-26T21:08:16.712236Z
Paper Citation Record · LEDGER
As of 14 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 45 of 45 outbound references and 0 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2606.19183.
A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.
Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-06-26T21:08:16.712236Z
One-hop event checks from named stored sources.
Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00
Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links
A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.
Source: cited_works
45 of 45 outbound references displayed
External citation measurements
No source-named external measurement is stored.
Observation f1082a4a-b03c-46ff-b40b-151945f22830 · outbound
Language Models as Interfaces, Not Oracles: A Hybrid LLM-ML System for Pediatric Appendicitis Reust and Amy Williams
Reference 1
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 89a04cc7-b5ed-40c4-9b71-c6aae73dac96 · outbound
Language Models as Interfaces, Not Oracles: A Hybrid LLM-ML System for Pediatric Appendicitis Unresolved cited work
Reference 2
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation df8670e7-9cb9-4802-acb9-bda04bd086ec · outbound
Language Models as Interfaces, Not Oracles: A Hybrid LLM-ML System for Pediatric Appendicitis Acute appendicitis in young children less than 5 years: Review article.Italian Journal of Pediatrics, 43(1):15, 2017
Reference 3
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation fcd248f3-2506-4f8a-8617-08d51a078624 · outbound
Language Models as Interfaces, Not Oracles: A Hybrid LLM-ML System for Pediatric Appendicitis Quigley and Samuel Stafrace
Reference 4
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation f511ced7-6c89-4566-b32c-ced6e0ca09be · outbound
Language Models as Interfaces, Not Oracles: A Hybrid LLM-ML System for Pediatric Appendicitis Mangona, R
Reference 5
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation c6c8d4df-641a-49ec-9778-275507fdeb95 · outbound
Language Models as Interfaces, Not Oracles: A Hybrid LLM-ML System for Pediatric Appendicitis Shah, Kelly A
Reference 6
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 9a9bea36-93c4-44d8-a823-b71f468a8b34 · outbound
Language Models as Interfaces, Not Oracles: A Hybrid LLM-ML System for Pediatric Appendicitis Unresolved cited work
Reference 7
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 12a832b5-bd52-42f4-a622-2e81a9b73cca · outbound
Language Models as Interfaces, Not Oracles: A Hybrid LLM-ML System for Pediatric Appendicitis Machine-learning based prediction of ap- pendicitis for patients presenting with acute abdominal pain at the emergency department.World Journal of Emergency Surgery, 19:40, 2024
Reference 8
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 7ba0dd36-f17f-4523-a00d-cfc8868d7cc6 · outbound
Language Models as Interfaces, Not Oracles: A Hybrid LLM-ML System for Pediatric Appendicitis Finlayson, Adarsh Subbaswamy, Karandeep Singh, John Bowers, Annabel Kupke, Jonathan Zittrain, Isaac S
Reference 9
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 2d2078e8-446b-4104-b33f-529826da7c31 · outbound
Language Models as Interfaces, Not Oracles: A Hybrid LLM-ML System for Pediatric Appendicitis Unresolved cited work
Reference 10
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation ea835873-49da-4a90-a400-8f4d6ad81aaa · outbound
Language Models as Interfaces, Not Oracles: A Hybrid LLM-ML System for Pediatric Appendicitis Glicksberg, and Eyal Klang
Reference 11
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 6dbe8ed1-7a95-4e9f-8b72-c9c44827a9ec · outbound
Language Models as Interfaces, Not Oracles: A Hybrid LLM-ML System for Pediatric Appendicitis Large language models in medicine.Nature Medicine, 29(8):1930–1940, 2023
Reference 12
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 11e72cf8-913d-47b9-a894-a839015d7378 · outbound
Language Models as Interfaces, Not Oracles: A Hybrid LLM-ML System for Pediatric Appendicitis Evaluation and mitigation of the limitations of large language models in clinical decision-making.Nature Medicine, 30(9):2613–2622, September 2024
Reference 13
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation cec7d511-f1ed-4e84-b85d-6a39df7c9b9e · outbound
Language Models as Interfaces, Not Oracles: A Hybrid LLM-ML System for Pediatric Appendicitis Benefits, limits, and risks of GPT-4 as an AI chatbot for medicine
Reference 14
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 2d3cdf43-5ce3-4bd9-a1a9-5120e1741ec2 · outbound
Language Models as Interfaces, Not Oracles: A Hybrid LLM-ML System for Pediatric Appendicitis Xgboost: A scalable tree boosting system
Reference 15
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation c8d4200b-66c1-4b3e-a336-91b4c6d3d7db · outbound
Language Models as Interfaces, Not Oracles: A Hybrid LLM-ML System for Pediatric Appendicitis Food and Drug Administration, Health Canada, and Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency
Reference 16
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation d2a3059a-5bd2-4071-bbab-6b506cb33185 · outbound
Language Models as Interfaces, Not Oracles: A Hybrid LLM-ML System for Pediatric Appendicitis SECNLP: A Survey of Embeddings in Clinical Natural Language Processing
Reference 17
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.
Observation 30f32e1d-d33e-44e5-a357-a2828eb3b3df · outbound
Language Models as Interfaces, Not Oracles: A Hybrid LLM-ML System for Pediatric Appendicitis O’Donnell, Rainu Kaushal, Yolanda Barrón, Mark A
Reference 18
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 9500c018-e2f0-4529-9313-5897ac3292da · outbound
Language Models as Interfaces, Not Oracles: A Hybrid LLM-ML System for Pediatric Appendicitis Hirschtick
Reference 19
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 44efe296-8d06-4385-82b2-2b543cd51e71 · outbound
Language Models as Interfaces, Not Oracles: A Hybrid LLM-ML System for Pediatric Appendicitis Radiomics in medical imaging: Methods, applications, and challenges
Reference 20
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.
Observation 1b14c9ab-ee6a-4fa4-ad78-4b7c72a6a031 · outbound
Language Models as Interfaces, Not Oracles: A Hybrid LLM-ML System for Pediatric Appendicitis A practical score for the early diagnosis of acute appendicitis.Annals of Emergency Medicine, 15(5):557–564, 1986
Reference 21
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation dcea3a60-550c-4c04-a3bb-425a8945abed · outbound
Language Models as Interfaces, Not Oracles: A Hybrid LLM-ML System for Pediatric Appendicitis Pediatric appendicitis score.Journal of Pediatric Surgery, 37(6):877–881, June 2002
Reference 22
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 4165028d-acdd-4f4b-8c4c-d5f1b78756f1 · outbound
Language Models as Interfaces, Not Oracles: A Hybrid LLM-ML System for Pediatric Appendicitis Weber, Matti Tolonen, Arianna Birindelli, Walter Biffl, Ernest E
Reference 23
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 48a29c8c-7151-46e8-8224-3ba00a5ed37d · outbound
Language Models as Interfaces, Not Oracles: A Hybrid LLM-ML System for Pediatric Appendicitis Artificial intelligence for predicting acute appendicitis: A systematic review.ANZ Journal of Surgery, 93(9):2070–2078, 2023
Reference 24
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation e8a61141-3508-41ba-bf64-e378cf483318 · outbound
Language Models as Interfaces, Not Oracles: A Hybrid LLM-ML System for Pediatric Appendicitis Hilbert, Vivien Rimili, Sven Wellmann, Chris- tian Knorr, Bertram Reingruber, Julia E
Reference 25
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 22046fd3-3d61-47f0-ab74-40ddf16dc387 · outbound
Language Models as Interfaces, Not Oracles: A Hybrid LLM-ML System for Pediatric Appendicitis Capabilities of GPT-4 on Medical Challenge Problems
Reference 26
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.
Observation 7ae93d2c-c816-4876-beb0-9079ea0e1d94 · outbound
Language Models as Interfaces, Not Oracles: A Hybrid LLM-ML System for Pediatric Appendicitis Pfohl, Heather Cole-Lewis, Darlene Neal, Qazi Mamunur Rashid, Mike Schaekermann, Amy Wang, Dev Dash, Jonathan H
Reference 27
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 8eb27cd3-9733-4015-8452-95fc20e5ede7 · outbound
Language Models as Interfaces, Not Oracles: A Hybrid LLM-ML System for Pediatric Appendicitis Cool, Zahir Kanjee, Andrew S
Reference 28
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 9a6b4124-239f-40de-9ef9-2a20be83a232 · outbound
Language Models as Interfaces, Not Oracles: A Hybrid LLM-ML System for Pediatric Appendicitis Langlotz, Jason Hom, Sergios Gatidis, John Pauly, and Akshay S
Reference 29
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation e131ea2a-1872-4434-9bdf-03e93b4fd5ec · outbound
Language Models as Interfaces, Not Oracles: A Hybrid LLM-ML System for Pediatric Appendicitis Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) in healthcare: A comprehensive review.AI, 6(9):226, 2025
Reference 30
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 7ded93e1-f097-4ab3-8700-e5991f81608e · outbound
Language Models as Interfaces, Not Oracles: A Hybrid LLM-ML System for Pediatric Appendicitis Benchmarking large language models in retrieval- augmented generation
Reference 31
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation dd13d08e-eb21-4685-8d0a-d5d6b1d879f1 · outbound
Language Models as Interfaces, Not Oracles: A Hybrid LLM-ML System for Pediatric Appendicitis Prompt perturbation in retrieval- augmented generation based large language models
Reference 32
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation daac2f7d-4c29-4ab9-aa5e-5f44726fb15a · outbound
Language Models as Interfaces, Not Oracles: A Hybrid LLM-ML System for Pediatric Appendicitis Unresolved cited work
Reference 33
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation c0544543-b8fc-4edc-aca2-92e43722ffd8 · outbound
Language Models as Interfaces, Not Oracles: A Hybrid LLM-ML System for Pediatric Appendicitis Data-to-text summarisation of patient records: Using computer-generated summaries to access patient histories.Patient Education and Counseling, 92(2):153–159, 2013
Reference 34
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation a399bc19-fa0c-4a30-be89-dc207b1e71cf · outbound
Language Models as Interfaces, Not Oracles: A Hybrid LLM-ML System for Pediatric Appendicitis Unresolved cited work
Reference 35
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation d5c43936-71b7-4501-bab7-cb93cd3130a9 · outbound
Language Models as Interfaces, Not Oracles: A Hybrid LLM-ML System for Pediatric Appendicitis Lee, Sujay Jain, Alex Chen, Kyoka Ono, Arabdha Biswas, Ákos Rudas, Jennifer Fang, and Jeffrey N
Reference 36
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 059deb63-de58-4bf1-aab3-ff0969aa4be7 · outbound
Language Models as Interfaces, Not Oracles: A Hybrid LLM-ML System for Pediatric Appendicitis SimSUM – simulated benchmark with structured and unstructured medical records.Journal of Biomedical Semantics, 16(1):20, 2025
Reference 37
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation c7181cb5-4ff1-4182-9510-4f7c44b1854e · outbound
Language Models as Interfaces, Not Oracles: A Hybrid LLM-ML System for Pediatric Appendicitis MedGemma Technical Report
Reference 38
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.
Observation 1ea14d90-dc58-4666-9325-3a29d25fdf26 · outbound
Language Models as Interfaces, Not Oracles: A Hybrid LLM-ML System for Pediatric Appendicitis The Llama 3 Herd of Models
Reference 39
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.
Observation 3f03fa46-9163-44d1-8025-5e7859c6b7dd · outbound
Language Models as Interfaces, Not Oracles: A Hybrid LLM-ML System for Pediatric Appendicitis GPT-5.5 system card
Reference 40
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation bc4e326b-0cce-4b93-b236-00606313466d · outbound
Language Models as Interfaces, Not Oracles: A Hybrid LLM-ML System for Pediatric Appendicitis OpenAI o3 and o4-mini system card
Reference 41
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 564fae3b-11de-4ff1-bf67-cd218d8c1a29 · outbound
Language Models as Interfaces, Not Oracles: A Hybrid LLM-ML System for Pediatric Appendicitis Claude Opus 4.7 system card
Reference 42
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation fb31d4cf-dbd4-4082-bf1b-79dae206e98c · outbound
Language Models as Interfaces, Not Oracles: A Hybrid LLM-ML System for Pediatric Appendicitis Openassistant conversations-democratizing large language model alignment.Advances in neural information processing systems, 36:47669–47681, 2023
Reference 43
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 5d3229d1-4fc7-4a7f-91b9-288c06d990dd · outbound
Language Models as Interfaces, Not Oracles: A Hybrid LLM-ML System for Pediatric Appendicitis Fleming, Michael A
Reference 44
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 3e1adfe5-3043-40a1-abc5-8395b19db145 · outbound
Language Models as Interfaces, Not Oracles: A Hybrid LLM-ML System for Pediatric Appendicitis Large language models in healthcare and medical applications: A review.Bioengineering, 12(6):631, 2025
Reference 45
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
No inbound Pith citation observations are available.