Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

OpenWER: Improving Cross-Lingual ASR Evaluation and Enabling Token-Based Accuracy Metrics

As of 20 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 36 of 36 outbound references and 1 inbound Pith citation observation for arXiv:2606.21237.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2606.21237 v1

Coverage vector

measured 36 of 36 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-06-26T14:39:16.717868Z

measured 37 of 37 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00

measured 1 of 1 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-06-26T14:39:16.717868Z

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: pith, observed 2026-07-04T06:19:37.718427Z

Reference resolution

36 of 36 outbound references displayed

verified exact0
verified fuzzy0
unresolved33
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier1
metadata mismatch2

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation 02244d44-dbee-4683-848d-77606c10c4c7 · outbound

This paper cites OpenWER: Improving Cross-Lingual ASR Evaluation and Enabling Token-Based Accuracy Metrics.

OpenWER: Improving Cross-Lingual ASR Evaluation and Enabling Token-Based Accuracy Metrics OpenWER: Improving Cross-Lingual ASR Evaluation and Enabling Token-Based Accuracy Metrics

Reference 1

Resolution: metadata mismatch; local_arxiv, observed 2026-07-04T06:19:37.719831Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

Observation 77b3f28f-b55b-4bbf-8c98-3e66b91411fa · outbound

This paper cites Figure 1 il- lustrates its modular design, with interchangeable elements for input formats, tokenisation methods, language-specific normal- isation, and evaluation metrics.

OpenWER: Improving Cross-Lingual ASR Evaluation and Enabling Token-Based Accuracy Metrics Figure 1 il- lustrates its modular design, with interchangeable elements for input formats, tokenisation methods, language-specific normal- isation, and evaluation metrics

Reference 2

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-06-26T14:39:16.717868Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation 3900073b-a03d-4792-9551-aa726d903bac · outbound

This paper cites Algorithm Robustness Compound word detection and punctuation tokens can alter the edit path in Levenshtein distance calculations, affecting WER scores.

OpenWER: Improving Cross-Lingual ASR Evaluation and Enabling Token-Based Accuracy Metrics Algorithm Robustness Compound word detection and punctuation tokens can alter the edit path in Levenshtein distance calculations, affecting WER scores

Reference 3

Resolution: malformed identifier; no resolver link, observed 2026-06-26T14:39:16.717868Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation 0f104c66-03ac-4a25-83c0-65db7ad7b24f · outbound

This paper cites WER has been criticised for its limitations, but alternative metrics have yet to see wider adoption.

OpenWER: Improving Cross-Lingual ASR Evaluation and Enabling Token-Based Accuracy Metrics WER has been criticised for its limitations, but alternative metrics have yet to see wider adoption

Reference 4

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-06-26T14:39:16.717868Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation 2baa7a49-58f6-4b7a-abf3-e39cebaf4b19 · outbound

This paper cites Stiftung Innovation in der Hochschullehre.

OpenWER: Improving Cross-Lingual ASR Evaluation and Enabling Token-Based Accuracy Metrics Stiftung Innovation in der Hochschullehre

Reference 5

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-06-26T14:39:16.717868Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation 61dd0808-807c-4cf7-a4ea-f4c25956d790 · outbound

This paper cites Semi-supervised learning with ladder networks,.

OpenWER: Improving Cross-Lingual ASR Evaluation and Enabling Token-Based Accuracy Metrics Semi-supervised learning with ladder networks,

Reference 6

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-06-26T14:39:16.717868Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation d50deac8-e563-4d98-a43f-14f0c7399fe2 · outbound

This paper cites wav2vec 2.0: A framework for self-supervised learning of speech representa- tions,.

OpenWER: Improving Cross-Lingual ASR Evaluation and Enabling Token-Based Accuracy Metrics wav2vec 2.0: A framework for self-supervised learning of speech representa- tions,

Reference 7

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-06-26T14:39:16.717868Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation af7c747c-82fc-4de7-a327-27f63b0e1e8c · outbound

This paper cites Unsupervised training and directed manual transcription for lvcsr,.

OpenWER: Improving Cross-Lingual ASR Evaluation and Enabling Token-Based Accuracy Metrics Unsupervised training and directed manual transcription for lvcsr,

Reference 8

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-06-26T14:39:16.717868Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation ca6fd097-d91b-4dfa-8398-0eed0636486c · outbound

This paper cites Attention is all you need,.

OpenWER: Improving Cross-Lingual ASR Evaluation and Enabling Token-Based Accuracy Metrics Attention is all you need,

Reference 9

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-06-26T14:39:16.717868Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation d329aa88-2b72-4e80-9ddd-89d5dc626694 · outbound

This paper cites Attention-based models for speech recognition,.

OpenWER: Improving Cross-Lingual ASR Evaluation and Enabling Token-Based Accuracy Metrics Attention-based models for speech recognition,

Reference 10

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-06-26T14:39:16.717868Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation cd316779-c6bb-4050-90e3-7db04394153d · outbound

This paper cites Conformer: Convolution-augmented transformer for speech recognition,.

OpenWER: Improving Cross-Lingual ASR Evaluation and Enabling Token-Based Accuracy Metrics Conformer: Convolution-augmented transformer for speech recognition,

Reference 11

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-06-26T14:39:16.717868Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation a52e7a3f-27d7-431b-bfef-64ced8582f33 · outbound

This paper cites Branchformer: Parallel MLP-attention architectures to capture local and global context for speech recognition and understanding,.

OpenWER: Improving Cross-Lingual ASR Evaluation and Enabling Token-Based Accuracy Metrics Branchformer: Parallel MLP-attention architectures to capture local and global context for speech recognition and understanding,

Reference 12

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-06-26T14:39:16.717868Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation 128aa4e6-6a9d-41c0-8192-9fa011e3c1c6 · outbound

This paper cites Robust speech recognition via large-scale weak supervision,.

OpenWER: Improving Cross-Lingual ASR Evaluation and Enabling Token-Based Accuracy Metrics Robust speech recognition via large-scale weak supervision,

Reference 13

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-06-26T14:39:16.717868Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation d39fe1b6-f753-4493-a467-39386c86c7af · outbound

This paper cites Seamless: Multilingual Expressive and Streaming Speech Translation.

OpenWER: Improving Cross-Lingual ASR Evaluation and Enabling Token-Based Accuracy Metrics Seamless: Multilingual Expressive and Streaming Speech Translation

Reference 14

Resolution: metadata mismatch; arxiv_id, observed 2026-07-04T06:19:37.722796Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation c3a2b542-e5d6-435f-bb94-d7cba1684b73 · outbound

This paper cites Binary codes capable of correcting deletions, insertions, and reversals,.

OpenWER: Improving Cross-Lingual ASR Evaluation and Enabling Token-Based Accuracy Metrics Binary codes capable of correcting deletions, insertions, and reversals,

Reference 15

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-06-26T14:39:16.717868Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation 5ae9a167-f47d-4324-91e4-3b0ee5517c6d · outbound

This paper cites Is word error rate a good indicator for spoken language understanding accuracy,.

OpenWER: Improving Cross-Lingual ASR Evaluation and Enabling Token-Based Accuracy Metrics Is word error rate a good indicator for spoken language understanding accuracy,

Reference 16

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-06-26T14:39:16.717868Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation f1772283-8951-4349-9e89-70d9059fadbc · outbound

This paper cites Predicting human perceived accuracy of asr systems.

OpenWER: Improving Cross-Lingual ASR Evaluation and Enabling Token-Based Accuracy Metrics Predicting human perceived accuracy of asr systems

Reference 17

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-06-26T14:39:16.717868Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation e93f3aba-8ccd-4234-a9dc-fede2ca67ac6 · outbound

This paper cites Automatic human utility evaluation of asr systems: Does wer really predict performance?.

OpenWER: Improving Cross-Lingual ASR Evaluation and Enabling Token-Based Accuracy Metrics Automatic human utility evaluation of asr systems: Does wer really predict performance?

Reference 18

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-06-26T14:39:16.717868Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation 39ed152d-265e-4db7-8769-f6582bf9a2ed · outbound

This paper cites Methods for evaluation of imperfect captioning tools by deaf or hard-of-hearing users at different reading literacy levels,.

OpenWER: Improving Cross-Lingual ASR Evaluation and Enabling Token-Based Accuracy Metrics Methods for evaluation of imperfect captioning tools by deaf or hard-of-hearing users at different reading literacy levels,

Reference 19

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-06-26T14:39:16.717868Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation ecd6204d-4b6d-402e-881c-28b764c95a6d · outbound

This paper cites Effect of speech recognition er- rors on text understandability for people who are deaf or hard of hearing,.

OpenWER: Improving Cross-Lingual ASR Evaluation and Enabling Token-Based Accuracy Metrics Effect of speech recognition er- rors on text understandability for people who are deaf or hard of hearing,

Reference 20

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-06-26T14:39:16.717868Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation ed392806-374b-44af-a565-dc2ff84529ba · outbound

This paper cites Mod- eling word importance in conversational transcripts: Toward im- proved live captioning for deaf and hard of hearing viewers,.

OpenWER: Improving Cross-Lingual ASR Evaluation and Enabling Token-Based Accuracy Metrics Mod- eling word importance in conversational transcripts: Toward im- proved live captioning for deaf and hard of hearing viewers,

Reference 21

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-06-26T14:39:16.717868Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 979c4ce9-61c4-450b-9f5b-d421de45faf0 · outbound

This paper cites Qualita- tive evaluation of language model rescoring in automatic speech recognition,.

OpenWER: Improving Cross-Lingual ASR Evaluation and Enabling Token-Based Accuracy Metrics Qualita- tive evaluation of language model rescoring in automatic speech recognition,

Reference 22

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-06-26T14:39:16.717868Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation 895a6319-0701-4fa8-b8db-b4e4a7321d94 · outbound

This paper cites Caption accuracy met- rics project,.

OpenWER: Improving Cross-Lingual ASR Evaluation and Enabling Token-Based Accuracy Metrics Caption accuracy met- rics project,

Reference 23

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-06-26T14:39:16.717868Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation 14c35b86-dbbc-4d0f-8cb9-15b6945b938e · outbound

This paper cites Evaluating the usability of auto- matically generated captions for people who are deaf or hard of hearing,.

OpenWER: Improving Cross-Lingual ASR Evaluation and Enabling Token-Based Accuracy Metrics Evaluating the usability of auto- matically generated captions for people who are deaf or hard of hearing,

Reference 24

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-06-26T14:39:16.717868Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 15e17b32-beab-494e-b309-bdcc9afba3f7 · outbound

This paper cites Predicting the understandability of imperfect english cap- tions for people who are deaf or hard of hearing,.

OpenWER: Improving Cross-Lingual ASR Evaluation and Enabling Token-Based Accuracy Metrics Predicting the understandability of imperfect english cap- tions for people who are deaf or hard of hearing,

Reference 25

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-06-26T14:39:16.717868Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 3156dfc0-1636-4ddd-a4c0-035f643b219e · outbound

This paper cites Com- paring the accuracy of ace and wer caption metrics when applied to live television captioning,.

OpenWER: Improving Cross-Lingual ASR Evaluation and Enabling Token-Based Accuracy Metrics Com- paring the accuracy of ace and wer caption metrics when applied to live television captioning,

Reference 26

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-06-26T14:39:16.717868Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation fca4a413-299d-41d5-b497-d73922b8ea3a · outbound

This paper cites How users experience closed captions on live television: Quality metrics remain a challenge,.

OpenWER: Improving Cross-Lingual ASR Evaluation and Enabling Token-Based Accuracy Metrics How users experience closed captions on live television: Quality metrics remain a challenge,

Reference 27

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-06-26T14:39:16.717868Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation f1fb409a-b099-4fad-adfa-cc2a8e552739 · outbound

This paper cites From wer and ril to mer and wil: improved evaluation measures for connected speech recogni- tion,.

OpenWER: Improving Cross-Lingual ASR Evaluation and Enabling Token-Based Accuracy Metrics From wer and ril to mer and wil: improved evaluation measures for connected speech recogni- tion,

Reference 28

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-06-26T14:39:16.717868Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 8c9cb5a7-e310-41bb-b655-29ab699777cf · outbound

This paper cites Racial disparities in automated speech recognition,.

OpenWER: Improving Cross-Lingual ASR Evaluation and Enabling Token-Based Accuracy Metrics Racial disparities in automated speech recognition,

Reference 29

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-06-26T14:39:16.717868Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation f35bafc4-9178-43b6-b06b-fb944db66593 · outbound

This paper cites Perspectives of deaf and hard of hearing viewers of captions,.

OpenWER: Improving Cross-Lingual ASR Evaluation and Enabling Token-Based Accuracy Metrics Perspectives of deaf and hard of hearing viewers of captions,

Reference 30

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-06-26T14:39:16.717868Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 5eb5f20c-4629-48b6-886d-84c5e42e888d · outbound

This paper cites Librispeech-pc: Benchmark for evaluation of punctuation and capitalization capabilities of end-to-end asr mod- els,.

OpenWER: Improving Cross-Lingual ASR Evaluation and Enabling Token-Based Accuracy Metrics Librispeech-pc: Benchmark for evaluation of punctuation and capitalization capabilities of end-to-end asr mod- els,

Reference 31

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-06-26T14:39:16.717868Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation bc9dece7-dd90-4273-91cc-4d0b852c4753 · outbound

This paper cites Beyond levenshtein: Leveraging multiple algorithms for robust word error rate com- putations and granular error classifications,.

OpenWER: Improving Cross-Lingual ASR Evaluation and Enabling Token-Based Accuracy Metrics Beyond levenshtein: Leveraging multiple algorithms for robust word error rate com- putations and granular error classifications,

Reference 32

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-06-26T14:39:16.717868Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation 0ece73c1-c504-49d7-a006-b4de077b2317 · outbound

This paper cites 4543–4547.

OpenWER: Improving Cross-Lingual ASR Evaluation and Enabling Token-Based Accuracy Metrics 4543–4547

Reference 33

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-06-26T14:39:16.717868Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation a8b76af7-1f8f-43a4-b16d-3a079f6de2a5 · outbound

This paper cites A technique for computer detection and correction of spelling errors,.

OpenWER: Improving Cross-Lingual ASR Evaluation and Enabling Token-Based Accuracy Metrics A technique for computer detection and correction of spelling errors,

Reference 34

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-06-26T14:39:16.717868Z

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Observation 867a774e-260e-4933-b0d9-279295254500 · outbound

This paper cites String comparator metrics and enhanced decision rules in the fellegi-sunter model of record linkage,.

OpenWER: Improving Cross-Lingual ASR Evaluation and Enabling Token-Based Accuracy Metrics String comparator metrics and enhanced decision rules in the fellegi-sunter model of record linkage,

Reference 35

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-06-26T14:39:16.717868Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation 8f6c1e7d-7cb0-4274-b53f-ba9ab0aa42f4 · outbound

This paper cites Common voice: A massively-multilingual speech corpus,.

OpenWER: Improving Cross-Lingual ASR Evaluation and Enabling Token-Based Accuracy Metrics Common voice: A massively-multilingual speech corpus,

Reference 36

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-06-26T14:39:16.717868Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Pith citing papers

Observation 02244d44-dbee-4683-848d-77606c10c4c7 · inbound