The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy | Paper Citation Record

Observation 09c7c992-b15f-4036-972b-29bf8d15138d · outbound

This paper cites GPT-4 Technical Report.

The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy GPT-4 Technical Report

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Observation 2f19a89f-ade1-4880-831d-894e7b6e9bf9 · outbound

This paper cites Longhealth: A question answering benchmark with long clinical documents.Journal of Healthcare Informatics Research, 9(3):280–296, 2025.

The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy Longhealth: A question answering benchmark with long clinical documents.Journal of Healthcare Informatics Research, 9(3):280–296, 2025

Reference 2

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Observation eb5053dd-5e93-4a20-a71c-b241f45f5c42 · outbound

This paper cites Synthagent: A multi-agent llm framework for realistic patient simulation–a case study in obesity with mental health comorbidities.arXiv preprint arXiv:2602.08254, 2026.

The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy Synthagent: A multi-agent llm framework for realistic patient simulation–a case study in obesity with mental health comorbidities.arXiv preprint arXiv:2602.08254, 2026

Reference 3

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Observation a8a29d70-6742-4f85-8684-89b54122d1ff · outbound

This paper cites Oaagent: Multimodal llm agent for predicting knee osteoarthritis progression.

The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy Oaagent: Multimodal llm agent for predicting knee osteoarthritis progression

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Observation 7c334723-39c7-4b2f-aa3e-83f35e2bff5e · outbound

This paper cites Self-evolving multi-agent simulations for realistic clinical interactions.arXiv preprint arXiv:2503.22678, 2025.

The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy Self-evolving multi-agent simulations for realistic clinical interactions.arXiv preprint arXiv:2503.22678, 2025

Reference 5

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Observation ee57bde2-8c6c-4228-867e-99ad6b50bbf7 · outbound

This paper cites Effective context engineering for AI agents.

The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy Effective context engineering for AI agents

Reference 6

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Observation 5bbbafc9-8b8c-4f5a-af68-7ff8c04ef7fb · outbound

This paper cites Effective harnesses for long-running agents.

The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy Effective harnesses for long-running agents

Reference 7

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Observation 1cb082ad-752d-4ae2-a4b6-2e16270be720 · outbound

This paper cites HealthBench: Evaluating Large Language Models Towards Improved Human Health.

The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy HealthBench: Evaluating Large Language Models Towards Improved Human Health

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Observation 0b2969b6-4ea9-4152-9cd3-2fa491d17a90 · outbound

This paper cites Qwen3-VL Technical Report.

The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy Qwen3-VL Technical Report

Reference 9

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Observation cd713b7d-6522-43c0-b2d0-2614533001f6 · outbound

This paper cites Agentic ai in healthcare: A comprehensive survey of foundations, taxonomy, and applications.Authorea Preprints, 2025.

The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy Agentic ai in healthcare: A comprehensive survey of foundations, taxonomy, and applications.Authorea Preprints, 2025

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Observation baf45375-10ed-407d-81be-2bb0eac4a80d · outbound

This paper cites Magda: Multi-agent guideline-driven diagnostic assistance.

The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy Magda: Multi-agent guideline-driven diagnostic assistance

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Observation 1815b17c-e5aa-444a-8064-586926d875a2 · outbound

This paper cites MAIRA-2: Grounded Radiology Report Generation.

The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy MAIRA-2: Grounded Radiology Report Generation

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Observation 7b7e0c44-2706-45e3-93da-0eaa9645e316 · outbound

This paper cites Radgpt: Constructing 3d image-text tumor datasets.

The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy Radgpt: Constructing 3d image-text tumor datasets

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Observation da873bf5-463f-41dd-8348-386ac3616068 · outbound

This paper cites MedHELM: Holistic Evaluation of Large Language Models for Medical Tasks.

The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy MedHELM: Holistic Evaluation of Large Language Models for Medical Tasks

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Observation 65245c51-6a47-4a24-b88f-bd94c1e9dab3 · outbound

This paper cites HealthAdminBench: Evaluating Computer-Use Agents on Healthcare Administration Tasks.

The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy HealthAdminBench: Evaluating Computer-Use Agents on Healthcare Administration Tasks

Reference 15

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Observation 04df625f-8655-487f-b0ab-c2a4d2a9ab69 · outbound

This paper cites Graph of thoughts: Solving elaborate problems with large language models.

The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy Graph of thoughts: Solving elaborate problems with large language models

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Observation 439accce-b0ed-4d98-89cc-2346228bfad9 · outbound

This paper cites Agentic systems in radiology: Design, applications, evaluation, and challenges.arXiv preprint arXiv:2510.09404, 2025.

The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy Agentic systems in radiology: Design, applications, evaluation, and challenges.arXiv preprint arXiv:2510.09404, 2025

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Observation 2bbdb4f6-0ac4-437c-921c-81a1760c2b7b · outbound

This paper cites Making the most of text semantics to improve biomedical vision–language processing.

The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy Making the most of text semantics to improve biomedical vision–language processing

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Observation cbf55a0f-3397-4b10-acb8-637c31298ae3 · outbound

This paper cites Visual alignment of medical vision-language models for grounded radiology report generation.

The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy Visual alignment of medical vision-language models for grounded radiology report generation

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Observation 872af6a5-25fa-4995-88c0-f6b81307ab51 · outbound

This paper cites Adversarial Robustness Analysis of Vision-Language Models in Medical Image Segmentation.

The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy Adversarial Robustness Analysis of Vision-Language Models in Medical Image Segmentation

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Observation 66b87979-c00d-42da-bec4-df343babbee9 · outbound

This paper cites Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable yet Noisy Rewards under Imperfect Verifiers.

The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable yet Noisy Rewards under Imperfect Verifiers

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Observation 9fa4d192-e6eb-4d2f-884b-e587ff3d06fb · outbound

This paper cites Atpo: Adaptive tree policy optimization for multi-turn medical dialogue.arXiv preprint arXiv:2603.02216, 2026.

The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy Atpo: Adaptive tree policy optimization for multi-turn medical dialogue.arXiv preprint arXiv:2603.02216, 2026

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Observation e88d76e4-36f1-4fc5-b7ab-7e84a3ea0bd8 · outbound

This paper cites Predetermined change control plans: Guiding principles for advancing safe, effective, and high-quality ai-ml technologies.JMIR AI, 4: e76854, 2025.

The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy Predetermined change control plans: Guiding principles for advancing safe, effective, and high-quality ai-ml technologies.JMIR AI, 4: e76854, 2025

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Observation 6afaf4bc-d9ff-4d2f-a22f-afebf767f58e · outbound

This paper cites Towards a clinically accessible radiology foundation model: open-access and lightweight, with automated evaluation.

The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy Towards a clinically accessible radiology foundation model: open-access and lightweight, with automated evaluation

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Observation 817813b2-991a-45c7-932b-ba8680ecad5e · outbound

This paper cites MiniMax-M1: Scaling Test-Time Compute Efficiently with Lightning Attention.

The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy MiniMax-M1: Scaling Test-Time Compute Efficiently with Lightning Attention

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Observation 768967bf-cf3d-49f9-92a5-4705c829af72 · outbound

This paper cites ClinicalBench: Can LLMs Beat Traditional ML Models in Clinical Prediction?.

The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy ClinicalBench: Can LLMs Beat Traditional ML Models in Clinical Prediction?

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Observation 097ec6ce-206d-4ec4-973d-63a8cb0b19d2 · outbound

This paper cites CHI-Bench: Can AI Agents Automate End-to-End, Long-Horizon, Policy-Rich Healthcare Workflows?.

The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy CHI-Bench: Can AI Agents Automate End-to-End, Long-Horizon, Policy-Rich Healthcare Workflows?

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Observation 796c5ff0-59c5-4346-bc09-591809abacf9 · outbound

This paper cites Ethical machine learning in healthcare.Annual review of biomedical data science, 4(1):123–144, 2021.

The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy Ethical machine learning in healthcare.Annual review of biomedical data science, 4(1):123–144, 2021

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Observation 2bf81171-f8b7-4a15-abe0-33202c524fbb · outbound

This paper cites Pathagent: Toward interpretable analysis of whole-slide pathology images via large language model-based agentic reasoning.arXiv preprint arXiv:2511.17052, 2025.

The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy Pathagent: Toward interpretable analysis of whole-slide pathology images via large language model-based agentic reasoning.arXiv preprint arXiv:2511.17052, 2025

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Observation b73e65d1-11f8-4da2-9e7b-ad3a68d169df · outbound

This paper cites MDTeamGPT: A Self-Evolving LLM-based Multi-Agent Framework for Multi-Disciplinary Team Medical Consultation.

The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy MDTeamGPT: A Self-Evolving LLM-based Multi-Agent Framework for Multi-Disciplinary Team Medical Consultation

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Observation 20369b53-899e-4534-85d2-7e24f8300108 · outbound

This paper cites MedSentry: Understanding and Mitigating Safety Risks in Medical LLM Multi-Agent Systems.

The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy MedSentry: Understanding and Mitigating Safety Risks in Medical LLM Multi-Agent Systems

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Observation 7852bdbc-952c-4b0d-980e-5b1cbad4a93b · outbound

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The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy Towards a general-purpose foundation model for computational pathology.Nature medicine, 30(3):850–862, 2024

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Observation 2ed6c069-379a-471c-b2c3-814a8abdf529 · outbound

This paper cites MedBrowseComp: Benchmarking Medical Deep Research and Computer Use.

The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy MedBrowseComp: Benchmarking Medical Deep Research and Computer Use

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Observation a4695557-b46d-4833-a1b7-7573700dfae8 · outbound

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The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy RadFabric: Agentic AI System with Reasoning Capability for Radiology

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Observation cdc478ff-a4e1-4d1f-9cea-c22ec7c08386 · outbound

This paper cites Automated Rubrics for Reliable Evaluation of Medical Dialogue Systems.

The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy Automated Rubrics for Reliable Evaluation of Medical Dialogue Systems

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Observation 1408f17b-32c2-4f53-a25d-fd6a148757c6 · outbound

This paper cites Meissa: Multi-modal medical agentic intelligence.arXiv preprint arXiv:2603.09018, 2026.

The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy Meissa: Multi-modal medical agentic intelligence.arXiv preprint arXiv:2603.09018, 2026

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Observation 71e125d8-52c0-43e6-8b04-2b453eae4dc6 · outbound

This paper cites Internvl: Scaling up vision foundation models and aligning for generic visual-linguistic tasks.

The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy Internvl: Scaling up vision foundation models and aligning for generic visual-linguistic tasks

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Observation cd44a71b-fe4b-4b2c-aee6-c17b2013bd53 · outbound

This paper cites Chexagent: Towards a foundation model for chest x-ray interpretation.

The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy Chexagent: Towards a foundation model for chest x-ray interpretation

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Observation 2c6e4a2a-5543-4069-ad44-1eda54d26a19 · outbound

This paper cites Engelhard, Somesh Jha, Anivarya Kumar, and David Page.

The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy Engelhard, Somesh Jha, Anivarya Kumar, and David Page

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Observation 350a3781-3fb0-4662-a1a7-1ebc9816e896 · outbound

This paper cites MALADE: Orchestration of LLM-powered Agents with Retrieval Augmented Generation for Pharmacovigilance.

The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy MALADE: Orchestration of LLM-powered Agents with Retrieval Augmented Generation for Pharmacovigilance

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Observation 82ce43b1-3afd-4ec6-9e54-146b99f7aeab · outbound

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The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy Medai: Evaluating txagent’s therapeutic agentic reasoning in the neurips cure-bench competition.arXiv preprint arXiv:2512.11682, 2025

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Observation acd69724-1cad-4742-bc92-22cff5bde61e · outbound

This paper cites SAE international, 2021.

The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy SAE international, 2021

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Observation 286b971c-6c48-404e-afe9-ff2aeb2be970 · outbound

This paper cites Same Verdict, Different Reasons: LLM-as-a-Judge and Clinician Disagreement on Medical Chatbot Completeness.

The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy Same Verdict, Different Reasons: LLM-as-a-Judge and Clinician Disagreement on Medical Chatbot Completeness

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Observation cdf06b43-3c99-427e-8664-1f793599621e · outbound

This paper cites Medka: A knowledge graph-augmented approach to improve factuality in medical large language models.Journal of Biomedical Informatics, page 104871, 2025.

The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy Medka: A knowledge graph-augmented approach to improve factuality in medical large language models.Journal of Biomedical Informatics, page 104871, 2025

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Observation 52d177fd-fb29-4bdb-9368-8fdc61f19e59 · outbound

This paper cites Radvlm: a multitask conversational vision-language model for radiology.arXiv preprint arXiv:2502.03333, 2025.

The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy Radvlm: a multitask conversational vision-language model for radiology.arXiv preprint arXiv:2502.03333, 2025

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Observation dc73d579-7f1b-422e-8643-75262d09ce19 · outbound

This paper cites Agentic ai in radiology: emerging potential and unresolved challenges.British Journal of Radiology, 98(1174):1582–1584, 2025.

The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy Agentic ai in radiology: emerging potential and unresolved challenges.British Journal of Radiology, 98(1174):1582–1584, 2025

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Observation 2244346a-1568-43dd-8a0e-7ff3ebb5bb64 · outbound

This paper cites Empowering Multi-Turn Tool-Integrated Agentic Reasoning with Group Turn Policy Optimization.

The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy Empowering Multi-Turn Tool-Integrated Agentic Reasoning with Group Turn Policy Optimization

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Observation 2a845372-295a-4adc-8cea-de878eeee332 · outbound

This paper cites Agentic entropy-balanced policy optimization.arXiv preprint arXiv:2510.14545, 2025.

The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy Agentic entropy-balanced policy optimization.arXiv preprint arXiv:2510.14545, 2025

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Observation 50227663-2d7d-4495-9a90-bfbef2718e0f · outbound

This paper cites Agent-World: Scaling Real-World Environment Synthesis for Evolving General Agent Intelligence.

The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy Agent-World: Scaling Real-World Environment Synthesis for Evolving General Agent Intelligence

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Observation c5beb663-f3b5-4c6c-a827-78fe3ed8880b · outbound

This paper cites OphIn-500K: Curating Web-Scale Visual Instructions for Scaling Ophthalmic Multimodal Large Language Models.

The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy OphIn-500K: Curating Web-Scale Visual Instructions for Scaling Ophthalmic Multimodal Large Language Models

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Observation 46c09936-97cb-4609-915d-706a74918d7d · outbound

This paper cites Care: Towards clinical accountability in multi-modal medical reasoning with an evidence-grounded agentic framework.arXiv preprint arXiv:2603.01607, 2026.

The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy Care: Towards clinical accountability in multi-modal medical reasoning with an evidence-grounded agentic framework.arXiv preprint arXiv:2603.01607, 2026

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Observation c87e287f-1866-4e15-b1be-94a255c17f20 · outbound

This paper cites Llms can simulate standardized patients via agent coevolution.

The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy Llms can simulate standardized patients via agent coevolution

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Observation 27fbe883-1670-441b-9056-d91a57dd9c42 · outbound

This paper cites A survey of agent interoperability protocols: Model Context Protocol (MCP), Agent Communication Protocol (ACP), Agent-to-Agent Protocol (A2A), and Agent Network Protocol (ANP).

The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy A survey of agent interoperability protocols: Model Context Protocol (MCP), Agent Communication Protocol (ACP), Agent-to-Agent Protocol (A2A), and Agent Network Protocol (ANP)

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Observation 576721ed-271a-4901-baa0-043e801740eb · outbound

This paper cites Enhancing clinical decision support and ehr insights through llms and the model context protocol: An open-source mcp-fhir framework.

The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy Enhancing clinical decision support and ehr insights through llms and the model context protocol: An open-source mcp-fhir framework

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Observation 498e1f8e-e8ea-465f-81c2-f1a915d57335 · outbound

This paper cites Red-teaming medical ai: Systematic adversarial evaluation of llm safety guardrails in clinical contexts.medRxiv, pages 2026–02, 2026.

The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy Red-teaming medical ai: Systematic adversarial evaluation of llm safety guardrails in clinical contexts.medRxiv, pages 2026–02, 2026

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Observation 321a086d-2da1-4316-9b84-6d0c35ea16ef · outbound

This paper cites Medical ai consensus: A multi-agent framework for radiology report generation and evaluation.arXiv preprint arXiv:2509.17353, 2025.

The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy Medical ai consensus: A multi-agent framework for radiology report generation and evaluation.arXiv preprint arXiv:2509.17353, 2025

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Observation caca69ef-ae33-4ff5-8b9a-29f850baf0b9 · outbound

This paper cites Agentic Large Language Models for Training-Free Neuro-Radiological Image Analysis.

The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy Agentic Large Language Models for Training-Free Neuro-Radiological Image Analysis

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Observation ecfd7644-39bb-4173-b156-c26164ec834f · outbound

This paper cites MedRAX: Medical Reasoning Agent for Chest X-ray.

The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy MedRAX: Medical Reasoning Agent for Chest X-ray

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Observation c24fedd5-8faa-4c82-9227-36d23002c811 · outbound

This paper cites Evolving medical imaging agents via experience-driven self-skill discovery.arXiv preprint arXiv:2603.05860, 2026.

The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy Evolving medical imaging agents via experience-driven self-skill discovery.arXiv preprint arXiv:2603.05860, 2026

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Observation 8f65af77-782b-47b9-a6a5-c1ba35636bcf · outbound

This paper cites Medodyssey: A medical domain benchmark for long context evaluation up to 200k tokens.

The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy Medodyssey: A medical domain benchmark for long context evaluation up to 200k tokens

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Observation c15010bb-96a5-4415-b267-713917e0ddcf · outbound

This paper cites ChestX-Reasoner: Advancing Radiology Foundation Models with Reasoning through Step-by-Step Verification.

The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy ChestX-Reasoner: Advancing Radiology Foundation Models with Reasoning through Step-by-Step Verification

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Observation 408ac610-90b1-4b50-87be-0985d4e4f24e · outbound

This paper cites A Comprehensive Survey of Self-Evolving AI Agents: A New Paradigm Bridging Foundation Models and Lifelong Agentic Systems.

The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy A Comprehensive Survey of Self-Evolving AI Agents: A New Paradigm Bridging Foundation Models and Lifelong Agentic Systems

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Observation a769bbba-35e8-416b-ad98-e73bf5a1c376 · outbound

This paper cites Towards general agentic intelligence via environment scaling.arXiv preprint arXiv:2509.13311, 2025.

The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy Towards general agentic intelligence via environment scaling.arXiv preprint arXiv:2509.13311, 2025

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Observation daf941fa-9286-424a-8624-6fc97a7513af · outbound

This paper cites M 3 builder: A multi-agent system for automated machine learning in medical imaging.

The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy M 3 builder: A multi-agent system for automated machine learning in medical imaging

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Observation 7f9964e1-a880-4ec2-ab4d-5d9cae5ddf94 · outbound

This paper cites Levels of Autonomy for AI Agents.

The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy Levels of Autonomy for AI Agents

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Observation 1e06b4b1-74eb-42ec-b191-8ccb4be0a599 · outbound

This paper cites Doctoragent-rl: A multi-agent collaborative reinforcement learning system for multi-turn clinical dialogue.

The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy Doctoragent-rl: A multi-agent collaborative reinforcement learning system for multi-turn clinical dialogue

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Observation bae8db89-d125-4f6c-a383-ed1336a64513 · outbound

This paper cites Development and validation of an autonomous artificial intelligence agent for clinical decision-making in oncology.Nature cancer, 6(8): 1337–1349, 2025.

The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy Development and validation of an autonomous artificial intelligence agent for clinical decision-making in oncology.Nature cancer, 6(8): 1337–1349, 2025

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Observation b181f0fb-49be-4e42-8f43-1c87edfbcdfe · outbound

This paper cites Are: Scaling up agent environments and evaluations.arXiv preprint arXiv:2509.17158, 2025.

The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy Are: Scaling up agent environments and evaluations.arXiv preprint arXiv:2509.17158, 2025

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Observation 423c3ff1-c112-4fd5-8681-6599e471170a · outbound

This paper cites A Survey of Self-Evolving Agents: What, When, How, and Where to Evolve on the Path to Artificial Super Intelligence.

The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy A Survey of Self-Evolving Agents: What, When, How, and Where to Evolve on the Path to Artificial Super Intelligence

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Observation ff0139f4-7759-48da-a2a3-341fd49c1b41 · outbound

This paper cites Pal: Program-aided language models.

The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy Pal: Program-aided language models

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Observation 40af2f5b-6ba2-4849-b2ba-48fc6f650145 · outbound

This paper cites TxAgent: An AI Agent for Therapeutic Reasoning Across a Universe of Tools.

The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy TxAgent: An AI Agent for Therapeutic Reasoning Across a Universe of Tools

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Observation 9b2a0e10-ce0a-4267-8320-9775234bdcc3 · outbound

This paper cites Enhancing medical visual grounding via knowledge-guided spatial prompts.arXiv preprint arXiv:2604.01915, 2026.

The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy Enhancing medical visual grounding via knowledge-guided spatial prompts.arXiv preprint arXiv:2604.01915, 2026

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Observation a02fed47-ef35-4ec5-86e0-9540b3bc2a4e · outbound

This paper cites ClinicalAgents: Multi-Agent Orchestration for Clinical Decision Making with Dual-Memory.

The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy ClinicalAgents: Multi-Agent Orchestration for Clinical Decision Making with Dual-Memory

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Observation f0f7bf21-2a95-4760-a570-2acad888ca95 · outbound

This paper cites Improving the safety and trustworthiness of medical ai via multi-agent evaluation loops.arXiv preprint arXiv:2601.13268, 2026.

The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy Improving the safety and trustworthiness of medical ai via multi-agent evaluation loops.arXiv preprint arXiv:2601.13268, 2026

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Observation fd36388e-6f05-421a-b97d-1b322c3e4494 · outbound

This paper cites Pathfinder: A multi-modal multi-agent system for medical diagnostic decision-making applied to histopathology.

The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy Pathfinder: A multi-modal multi-agent system for medical diagnostic decision-making applied to histopathology

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Observation 82515b6a-0816-4ddc-b32d-fc09d7ae0511 · outbound

This paper cites Meddialogrubrics: A comprehensive benchmark and evaluation framework for multi-turn medical consultations in large language models.arXiv preprint arXiv:2601.03023, 2026.

The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy Meddialogrubrics: A comprehensive benchmark and evaluation framework for multi-turn medical consultations in large language models.arXiv preprint arXiv:2601.03023, 2026

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Observation 2a7ff0c8-f018-4584-a1d2-3bd2d7f7b2e2 · outbound

This paper cites The Llama 3 Herd of Models.

The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy The Llama 3 Herd of Models

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Observation a5a78252-5cc2-4c7a-8984-b69b482fdb6f · outbound

This paper cites Clinical-r1: Empowering large language models for faithful and comprehensive reasoning with clinical objective relative policy optimization.arXiv preprint arXiv:2512.00601, 2025.

The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy Clinical-r1: Empowering large language models for faithful and comprehensive reasoning with clinical objective relative policy optimization.arXiv preprint arXiv:2512.00601, 2025

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Observation 9516e48e-cd0f-47fd-89d1-9b6a1c4b76cf · outbound

This paper cites Auditing medical multi-agent AI reveals risks of false consensus.

The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy Auditing medical multi-agent AI reveals risks of false consensus

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Observation 70be9e22-25de-4da5-80e4-1c5ec56457a5 · outbound

This paper cites DeepSeek-R1: Incentivizing Reasoning Capability in LLMs via Reinforcement Learning.

The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy DeepSeek-R1: Incentivizing Reasoning Capability in LLMs via Reinforcement Learning

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Observation ba2ed218-6563-42b5-b647-d7154f2be021 · outbound

This paper cites Large Language Model based Multi-Agents: A Survey of Progress and Challenges.

The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy Large Language Model based Multi-Agents: A Survey of Progress and Challenges

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Observation 72ce6d2b-1d5c-470b-98fc-95f9d9297432 · outbound

This paper cites Visual programming: Compositional visual reasoning without training.

The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy Visual programming: Compositional visual reasoning without training

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Observation 66e0afce-37f6-49e7-9048-811e7cb4996f · outbound

This paper cites Autonomy for surgical robots: Concepts and paradigms.IEEE Transactions on Medical Robotics and Bionics, 1(2):65–76, 2019.

The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy Autonomy for surgical robots: Concepts and paradigms.IEEE Transactions on Medical Robotics and Bionics, 1(2):65–76, 2019

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Observation b0c2d3ba-fba7-4770-886c-40867d37bfdd · outbound

This paper cites Better tokens for better 3d: Advancing vision-language modeling in 3d medical imaging.Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, 38:135074–135102, 2026.

The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy Better tokens for better 3d: Advancing vision-language modeling in 3d medical imaging.Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, 38:135074–135102, 2026

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Observation 4a3975cc-015b-4898-9e4e-43c64b34137a · outbound

This paper cites Medsafetybench: Evaluating and improving the medical safety of large language models.Advances in neural information processing systems, 37: 33423–33454, 2024.

The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy Medsafetybench: Evaluating and improving the medical safety of large language models.Advances in neural information processing systems, 37: 33423–33454, 2024

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Observation dabf7218-3399-49e4-bad7-44bb31e88a46 · outbound

This paper cites Model context protocol (mcp) at first glance: Studying the security and maintainability of mcp servers.

The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy Model context protocol (mcp) at first glance: Studying the security and maintainability of mcp servers

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Observation cf4ca427-d1db-4c71-95a7-c6742857a633 · outbound

This paper cites Harness engineering for language agents: The harness layer as control, agency, and runtime.

The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy Harness engineering for language agents: The harness layer as control, agency, and runtime

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Observation dbe46b26-c746-423c-be33-85364208f14e · outbound

This paper cites PathVQA: 30000+ Questions for Medical Visual Question Answering.

The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy PathVQA: 30000+ Questions for Medical Visual Question Answering

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Observation feb788f6-6c4c-4a7e-9a1e-b8beb868a06e · outbound

This paper cites MedOrch: Medical Diagnosis with Tool-Augmented Reasoning Agents for Flexible Extensibility.

The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy MedOrch: Medical Diagnosis with Tool-Augmented Reasoning Agents for Flexible Extensibility

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Observation a1baad1c-4b2d-4b6c-8f10-46766b2ef0f9 · outbound

This paper cites Radonc-gpt: An autonomous llm agent for real-time patient outcomes labeling at scale.arXiv preprint arXiv:2509.25540, 2025.

The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy Radonc-gpt: An autonomous llm agent for real-time patient outcomes labeling at scale.arXiv preprint arXiv:2509.25540, 2025

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Observation 582eb39a-24c3-4ee9-85d2-cf1fd5567142 · outbound

This paper cites Metagpt: Meta programming for a multi-agent collaborative framework.

The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy Metagpt: Meta programming for a multi-agent collaborative framework

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Observation 9fb5be4f-53c8-439e-90dd-0d1251ca609b · outbound

This paper cites Adagent: Llm agent for alzheimer’s disease analysis with collaborative coordinator.

The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy Adagent: Llm agent for alzheimer’s disease analysis with collaborative coordinator

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Observation 90ae1f54-f970-4701-be3b-465d835a3055 · outbound

This paper cites Ad-care: A guideline-grounded, modality-agnostic llm agent for real-world alzheimer’s disease diagnosis with multi-cohort assessment, fairness analysis, and reader study, 2026.

The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy Ad-care: A guideline-grounded, modality-agnostic llm agent for real-world alzheimer’s disease diagnosis with multi-cohort assessment, fairness analysis, and reader study, 2026

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Observation 09b68e93-2c95-4086-b739-d89e3e283189 · outbound

This paper cites Model context protocol (mcp): Landscape, security threats, and future research directions.ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology, 2025.

The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy Model context protocol (mcp): Landscape, security threats, and future research directions.ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology, 2025

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Observation 25756eb9-f530-43de-ba81-f51ab1080aa5 · outbound

This paper cites Reinforce++: A simple and efficient approach for aligning large language models.arXiv e-prints, pages arXiv–2501, 2025.

The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy Reinforce++: A simple and efficient approach for aligning large language models.arXiv e-prints, pages arXiv–2501, 2025

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Observation 8887af24-a37d-48d8-abf0-8d235fa0d997 · outbound

This paper cites Automated design of agentic systems.

The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy Automated design of agentic systems

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Observation 40120cea-a13b-4812-bbc2-a630e28475c2 · outbound

This paper cites Omnimedvqa: A new large-scale comprehensive evaluation benchmark for medical lvlm.

The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy Omnimedvqa: A new large-scale comprehensive evaluation benchmark for medical lvlm

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Observation ea3fed69-4a79-4e68-b502-176b02e81d42 · outbound

This paper cites Scaling environments for llm agents in the era of learning from interaction: A survey.

The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy Scaling environments for llm agents in the era of learning from interaction: A survey

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Observation c3aa5e2a-00a1-4fe9-b743-13f7270eb50e · outbound

This paper cites On the robustness of medical vision-language models: Are they truly generalizable? InAnnual Conference on Medical Image Understanding and Analysis, pages 233–256.

The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy On the robustness of medical vision-language models: Are they truly generalizable? InAnnual Conference on Medical Image Understanding and Analysis, pages 233–256

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Observation 5a13eb3b-8325-476d-a78b-72d6fbfc10e4 · outbound

This paper cites RadGraph: Extracting Clinical Entities and Relations from Radiology Reports.

The Path to Self-Evolving Clinical Systems: Scaling Medical Agents from Assistance to Autonomy RadGraph: Extracting Clinical Entities and Relations from Radiology Reports

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