Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

When Is a General Factor Distinguishable? Non-Proportionality, Stable Structure, and the Bifactor Decision

As of 19 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 40 of 40 outbound references and 0 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2608.10731.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2608.10731 v1

Coverage vector

measured 40 of 40 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-12T18:40:03.029645Z

measured 40 of 40 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00

measured 0 of 0 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: cited_works

Reference resolution

40 of 40 outbound references displayed

verified exact9
verified fuzzy6
unresolved25
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier0
metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation 0161bfb0-9730-439e-ab93-5f92ecd69f24 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

When Is a General Factor Distinguishable? Non-Proportionality, Stable Structure, and the Bifactor Decision Unresolved cited work

Reference 1

Resolution: verified exact; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T18:40:03.752939Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 2f7c585c-35d7-4b3c-bb8b-db4bab307ad5 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

When Is a General Factor Distinguishable? Non-Proportionality, Stable Structure, and the Bifactor Decision Unresolved cited work

Reference 2

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T18:40:04.146898Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 8415a59d-47af-4216-9c22-4669f14855de · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

When Is a General Factor Distinguishable? Non-Proportionality, Stable Structure, and the Bifactor Decision Unresolved cited work

Reference 3

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T18:40:04.130836Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation ae83cd39-c968-46e2-92a8-fd465266910d · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

When Is a General Factor Distinguishable? Non-Proportionality, Stable Structure, and the Bifactor Decision Unresolved cited work

Reference 4

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T18:40:04.113844Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 17623a55-6d0f-420e-b436-2c1b19b35f6d · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

When Is a General Factor Distinguishable? Non-Proportionality, Stable Structure, and the Bifactor Decision Unresolved cited work

Reference 5

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T18:40:04.096339Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation e5d9c473-9db2-4937-bb1e-bae747e9aa32 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

When Is a General Factor Distinguishable? Non-Proportionality, Stable Structure, and the Bifactor Decision Unresolved cited work

Reference 6

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T18:40:02.815321Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 55e2f4c3-b185-4a2f-b8fc-2cdef59b2e50 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

When Is a General Factor Distinguishable? Non-Proportionality, Stable Structure, and the Bifactor Decision Unresolved cited work

Reference 7

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T18:40:02.821064Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation f006d733-ee6a-44b7-b4ec-ffd497b98d4b · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

When Is a General Factor Distinguishable? Non-Proportionality, Stable Structure, and the Bifactor Decision Unresolved cited work

Reference 8

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-12T18:40:03.256565Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation c60cbd6d-8402-47a7-9490-ae651a58b7d0 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

When Is a General Factor Distinguishable? Non-Proportionality, Stable Structure, and the Bifactor Decision Unresolved cited work

Reference 9

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-12T18:40:03.232675Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation cc696dda-2773-4ac9-8956-c533ee1dd89b · outbound

This paper cites Recovering Latent Structures after Variational Bayesian Variable Selection: Fit Assessment and Factor-Number Selection in Partially Exploratory Factor Analysis.

When Is a General Factor Distinguishable? Non-Proportionality, Stable Structure, and the Bifactor Decision Recovering Latent Structures after Variational Bayesian Variable Selection: Fit Assessment and Factor-Number Selection in Partially Exploratory Factor Analysis

Reference 10

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-12T18:40:03.206694Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 916f2f43-ec1f-4edf-bf0f-bfe15e67a4ae · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

When Is a General Factor Distinguishable? Non-Proportionality, Stable Structure, and the Bifactor Decision Unresolved cited work

Reference 11

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T18:40:04.080197Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation bd31a9fc-ab3f-43e7-9046-23be3a11bd81 · outbound

This paper cites M., & Revelle, W.

When Is a General Factor Distinguishable? Non-Proportionality, Stable Structure, and the Bifactor Decision M., & Revelle, W

Reference 12

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T18:40:04.065258Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation e4b468e3-ac90-4043-b04d-1e746c12036a · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

When Is a General Factor Distinguishable? Non-Proportionality, Stable Structure, and the Bifactor Decision Unresolved cited work

Reference 13

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T18:40:04.049756Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation f26fc940-6a27-488e-8813-ee5ec1fd6767 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

When Is a General Factor Distinguishable? Non-Proportionality, Stable Structure, and the Bifactor Decision Unresolved cited work

Reference 14

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T18:40:04.035209Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 252415fa-1aff-4f1b-8815-c85620e2006f · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

When Is a General Factor Distinguishable? Non-Proportionality, Stable Structure, and the Bifactor Decision Unresolved cited work

Reference 15

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T18:40:04.019783Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation d88e867d-8b7e-48bc-b209-b9ab84c9bccd · outbound

This paper cites J., & Garrido, L.

When Is a General Factor Distinguishable? Non-Proportionality, Stable Structure, and the Bifactor Decision J., & Garrido, L

Reference 16

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-12T18:40:03.175359Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 421a34ec-a416-4907-b62b-6b6e462f566c · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

When Is a General Factor Distinguishable? Non-Proportionality, Stable Structure, and the Bifactor Decision Unresolved cited work

Reference 17

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T18:40:04.004662Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 9c23e069-62d8-498e-a332-825b1399fbef · outbound

This paper cites J., & Swineford, F.

When Is a General Factor Distinguishable? Non-Proportionality, Stable Structure, and the Bifactor Decision J., & Swineford, F

Reference 18

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T18:40:03.989509Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 70e68be3-f899-4251-9be9-98ca2259306c · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

When Is a General Factor Distinguishable? Non-Proportionality, Stable Structure, and the Bifactor Decision Unresolved cited work

Reference 19

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T18:40:03.975240Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 458ad6eb-3a23-4801-913b-d203310b4aea · outbound

This paper cites I., & Bentler, P.

When Is a General Factor Distinguishable? Non-Proportionality, Stable Structure, and the Bifactor Decision I., & Bentler, P

Reference 20

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T18:40:03.960111Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation cc2c8996-e809-49d5-9122-e1581d356cd7 · outbound

This paper cites I., & Bentler, P.

When Is a General Factor Distinguishable? Non-Proportionality, Stable Structure, and the Bifactor Decision I., & Bentler, P

Reference 21

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T18:40:03.944593Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation ac4e6812-9829-4c04-99a3-1ff80a952f9e · outbound

This paper cites J., Garcia-Garzon, E., & Garrido, L.

When Is a General Factor Distinguishable? Non-Proportionality, Stable Structure, and the Bifactor Decision J., Garcia-Garzon, E., & Garrido, L

Reference 22

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T18:40:02.928637Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation d623cf55-586b-47e4-9ade-4577ced5cfac · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

When Is a General Factor Distinguishable? Non-Proportionality, Stable Structure, and the Bifactor Decision Unresolved cited work

Reference 23

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T18:40:02.932661Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 8e421e07-0268-4ad6-9b3f-81aabb8763cd · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

When Is a General Factor Distinguishable? Non-Proportionality, Stable Structure, and the Bifactor Decision Unresolved cited work

Reference 24

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T18:40:02.938783Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 1be6807f-c838-4f86-8b7a-20a30a039d69 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

When Is a General Factor Distinguishable? Non-Proportionality, Stable Structure, and the Bifactor Decision Unresolved cited work

Reference 25

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-12T18:40:03.157702Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 30803b97-48dd-492f-aa99-73f0d8486b3a · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

When Is a General Factor Distinguishable? Non-Proportionality, Stable Structure, and the Bifactor Decision Unresolved cited work

Reference 26

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T18:40:03.928482Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 5891ca70-25cb-4543-b50a-6fc5ca9acc00 · outbound

This paper cites F., Derringer, J., Markon, K.

When Is a General Factor Distinguishable? Non-Proportionality, Stable Structure, and the Bifactor Decision F., Derringer, J., Markon, K

Reference 27

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T18:40:03.913108Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 7aa2a81d-ae63-44f2-bdaa-6e1d8409a2b2 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

When Is a General Factor Distinguishable? Non-Proportionality, Stable Structure, and the Bifactor Decision Unresolved cited work

Reference 28

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T18:40:03.896225Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 9675acb5-95d0-466f-8e31-f31d1a21a9a0 · outbound

This paper cites L., & Johnson, W.

When Is a General Factor Distinguishable? Non-Proportionality, Stable Structure, and the Bifactor Decision L., & Johnson, W

Reference 29

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T18:40:03.881283Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 063f6b02-6691-4146-ba36-aa1288c9296c · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

When Is a General Factor Distinguishable? Non-Proportionality, Stable Structure, and the Bifactor Decision Unresolved cited work

Reference 30

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T18:40:03.865983Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation df25f8c3-a2f5-42ec-bce0-9af8fb59b81d · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

When Is a General Factor Distinguishable? Non-Proportionality, Stable Structure, and the Bifactor Decision Unresolved cited work

Reference 31

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-12T18:40:03.138847Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation d4002a76-9498-4b7b-946c-4219a434b0c0 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

When Is a General Factor Distinguishable? Non-Proportionality, Stable Structure, and the Bifactor Decision Unresolved cited work

Reference 32

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T18:40:02.977238Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 206c5562-9fec-4557-9c1a-80c74e044e41 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

When Is a General Factor Distinguishable? Non-Proportionality, Stable Structure, and the Bifactor Decision Unresolved cited work

Reference 33

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-12T18:40:03.111522Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 2b7233df-f1c1-4332-85b9-935628841626 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

When Is a General Factor Distinguishable? Non-Proportionality, Stable Structure, and the Bifactor Decision Unresolved cited work

Reference 34

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T18:40:03.849836Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 49e904e3-e3fc-42fe-8118-049bb37fe287 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

When Is a General Factor Distinguishable? Non-Proportionality, Stable Structure, and the Bifactor Decision Unresolved cited work

Reference 35

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T18:40:03.832882Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation cd59911a-1405-44a8-a12d-47f63d757f70 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

When Is a General Factor Distinguishable? Non-Proportionality, Stable Structure, and the Bifactor Decision Unresolved cited work

Reference 36

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T18:40:03.815848Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation c4d3cda4-aed0-4dba-b898-5e51dd9295de · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

When Is a General Factor Distinguishable? Non-Proportionality, Stable Structure, and the Bifactor Decision Unresolved cited work

Reference 37

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T18:40:03.801627Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 99997388-ed6b-484e-8e3b-0698e6014ff9 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

When Is a General Factor Distinguishable? Non-Proportionality, Stable Structure, and the Bifactor Decision Unresolved cited work

Reference 38

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T18:40:03.786895Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation dd7342e2-9b19-4c62-a787-b13fafc7f2f9 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

When Is a General Factor Distinguishable? Non-Proportionality, Stable Structure, and the Bifactor Decision Unresolved cited work

Reference 39

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T18:40:03.769297Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation cbda277d-84f4-477a-98c5-a4a55a23339b · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

When Is a General Factor Distinguishable? Non-Proportionality, Stable Structure, and the Bifactor Decision Unresolved cited work

Reference 40

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-12T18:40:03.086576Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Pith citing papers

No inbound Pith citation observations are available.