Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Hard but Robust, Easy but Sensitive: How Encoder and Decoder Perform in Neural Machine Translation

As of 14 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 36 of 36 outbound references and 1 inbound Pith citation observation for arXiv:1908.06259.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
1908.06259 v1

Coverage vector

measured 36 of 36 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-14T12:55:58.521525Z

measured 37 of 37 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00

measured 1 of 1 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-10T18:17:23.855249Z

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: pith, observed 2026-08-10T18:17:23.939486Z

Reference resolution

36 of 36 outbound references displayed

verified exact1
verified fuzzy2
unresolved33
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier0
metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation 34cb76ac-b694-464c-910a-d0fff3a7d0c1 · outbound

This paper cites URL: " 'urlintro :=.

Hard but Robust, Easy but Sensitive: How Encoder and Decoder Perform in Neural Machine Translation URL: " 'urlintro :=

Reference 1

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T12:55:58.402625Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 06a1133a-b572-4bdd-af74-b7b867f8af14 · outbound

This paper cites write newline.

Hard but Robust, Easy but Sensitive: How Encoder and Decoder Perform in Neural Machine Translation write newline

Reference 2

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T12:55:58.406644Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 2bd8b68e-2123-4444-b951-03e77d787349 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Hard but Robust, Easy but Sensitive: How Encoder and Decoder Perform in Neural Machine Translation Unresolved cited work

Reference 3

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T12:55:58.800166Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation f66195ed-4572-4e94-9f72-5740de1da60b · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Hard but Robust, Easy but Sensitive: How Encoder and Decoder Perform in Neural Machine Translation Unresolved cited work

Reference 4

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T12:55:58.790934Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 4738cb45-4cda-410f-94a9-8fc0c40733f6 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Hard but Robust, Easy but Sensitive: How Encoder and Decoder Perform in Neural Machine Translation Unresolved cited work

Reference 5

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T12:55:58.417727Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation afa44528-c3f0-4a3d-919f-eda3250c4689 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Hard but Robust, Easy but Sensitive: How Encoder and Decoder Perform in Neural Machine Translation Unresolved cited work

Reference 6

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T12:55:58.776259Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 450364e1-cf50-4f45-8740-d1dde2b6fc23 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Hard but Robust, Easy but Sensitive: How Encoder and Decoder Perform in Neural Machine Translation Unresolved cited work

Reference 7

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T12:55:58.766722Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 014104f9-3e5c-4fca-8df2-85cc858f2500 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Hard but Robust, Easy but Sensitive: How Encoder and Decoder Perform in Neural Machine Translation Unresolved cited work

Reference 8

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T12:55:58.428082Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation c20d089c-2ac5-4cde-95eb-1771b7dbe29e · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Hard but Robust, Easy but Sensitive: How Encoder and Decoder Perform in Neural Machine Translation Unresolved cited work

Reference 9

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T12:55:58.751696Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation f7e20afd-5382-4a95-a828-d830686374e1 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Hard but Robust, Easy but Sensitive: How Encoder and Decoder Perform in Neural Machine Translation Unresolved cited work

Reference 10

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T12:55:58.434721Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 9bee93ca-abef-403f-af66-631c4fa98582 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Hard but Robust, Easy but Sensitive: How Encoder and Decoder Perform in Neural Machine Translation Unresolved cited work

Reference 11

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T12:55:58.736233Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 98ef8b88-52c4-49b1-bf3d-6a22f1d77ebf · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Hard but Robust, Easy but Sensitive: How Encoder and Decoder Perform in Neural Machine Translation Unresolved cited work

Reference 12

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T12:55:58.440875Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 94c9b173-bfde-4ad1-a315-f23e244cf355 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Hard but Robust, Easy but Sensitive: How Encoder and Decoder Perform in Neural Machine Translation Unresolved cited work

Reference 13

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T12:55:58.721077Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 4a298098-9bb9-4f71-b06a-df48466c731b · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Hard but Robust, Easy but Sensitive: How Encoder and Decoder Perform in Neural Machine Translation Unresolved cited work

Reference 14

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T12:55:58.447321Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 3e94e5d3-6254-438c-b9cd-68c6bd4304f0 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Hard but Robust, Easy but Sensitive: How Encoder and Decoder Perform in Neural Machine Translation Unresolved cited work

Reference 15

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T12:55:58.450382Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 1f7d93ae-fb6a-4d46-8d7a-f64f4addec5e · outbound

This paper cites Non-Autoregressive Neural Machine Translation.

Hard but Robust, Easy but Sensitive: How Encoder and Decoder Perform in Neural Machine Translation Non-Autoregressive Neural Machine Translation

Reference 16

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T12:55:58.453489Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation df358f69-ed4f-4794-91e2-fac51498292e · outbound

This paper cites Li, and Richard Socher.

Hard but Robust, Easy but Sensitive: How Encoder and Decoder Perform in Neural Machine Translation Li, and Richard Socher

Reference 17

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T12:55:58.700974Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 009cddc9-c12c-40ef-bec2-66a638a5e068 · outbound

This paper cites Non-Autoregressive Neural Machine Translation with Enhanced Decoder Input.

Hard but Robust, Easy but Sensitive: How Encoder and Decoder Perform in Neural Machine Translation Non-Autoregressive Neural Machine Translation with Enhanced Decoder Input

Reference 18

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T12:55:58.460732Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation f169b643-439c-4ed1-967e-20d0ca6990d1 · outbound

This paper cites Achieving Human Parity on Automatic Chinese to English News Translation.

Hard but Robust, Easy but Sensitive: How Encoder and Decoder Perform in Neural Machine Translation Achieving Human Parity on Automatic Chinese to English News Translation

Reference 19

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T12:55:58.464415Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation cd09af04-76df-41c4-8332-f46077457361 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Hard but Robust, Easy but Sensitive: How Encoder and Decoder Perform in Neural Machine Translation Unresolved cited work

Reference 20

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T12:55:58.467749Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation dae1b44a-92ea-4c98-ba74-c1f650e66a8d · outbound

This paper cites Gomez, and Francois Chollet.

Hard but Robust, Easy but Sensitive: How Encoder and Decoder Perform in Neural Machine Translation Gomez, and Francois Chollet

Reference 21

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T12:55:58.686637Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation b6ebf558-8021-4d04-b7ff-3b5f67de06df · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Hard but Robust, Easy but Sensitive: How Encoder and Decoder Perform in Neural Machine Translation Unresolved cited work

Reference 22

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T12:55:58.677277Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 0c0fa630-f25f-47b6-be23-88cf61d5c165 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Hard but Robust, Easy but Sensitive: How Encoder and Decoder Perform in Neural Machine Translation Unresolved cited work

Reference 23

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T12:55:58.668081Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation e261e5b6-54ba-446e-8fd1-01b150434b87 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Hard but Robust, Easy but Sensitive: How Encoder and Decoder Perform in Neural Machine Translation Unresolved cited work

Reference 24

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T12:55:58.658560Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 4e2f4b34-07ef-47fb-a423-a5316dac2bd7 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Hard but Robust, Easy but Sensitive: How Encoder and Decoder Perform in Neural Machine Translation Unresolved cited work

Reference 25

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T12:55:58.486935Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 0b8bb333-3bf9-4a19-bfc5-997bf3bdd458 · outbound

This paper cites Sequence Level Training with Recurrent Neural Networks.

Hard but Robust, Easy but Sensitive: How Encoder and Decoder Perform in Neural Machine Translation Sequence Level Training with Recurrent Neural Networks

Reference 26

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T12:55:58.490046Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 0e6e5e0e-1b8d-401e-bba3-b8a5442b26e5 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Hard but Robust, Easy but Sensitive: How Encoder and Decoder Perform in Neural Machine Translation Unresolved cited work

Reference 27

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T12:55:58.493349Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 7d41edb7-0b41-4303-afdb-5e88b9150fb2 · outbound

This paper cites Dense Information Flow for Neural Machine Translation.

Hard but Robust, Easy but Sensitive: How Encoder and Decoder Perform in Neural Machine Translation Dense Information Flow for Neural Machine Translation

Reference 28

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T12:55:58.496208Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 84c18bc3-fe73-415c-817b-53dd2500c463 · outbound

This paper cites MASS: Masked Sequence to Sequence Pre-training for Language Generation.

Hard but Robust, Easy but Sensitive: How Encoder and Decoder Perform in Neural Machine Translation MASS: Masked Sequence to Sequence Pre-training for Language Generation

Reference 29

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T12:55:58.499976Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 7ecbefd5-796f-499b-b5bd-4a7dff560d24 · outbound

This paper cites Hybrid Self-Attention Network for Machine Translation.

Hard but Robust, Easy but Sensitive: How Encoder and Decoder Perform in Neural Machine Translation Hybrid Self-Attention Network for Machine Translation

Reference 30

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-14T12:55:58.564192Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 5baeacc1-9587-4733-be77-3c993b3d8549 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Hard but Robust, Easy but Sensitive: How Encoder and Decoder Perform in Neural Machine Translation Unresolved cited work

Reference 31

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T12:55:58.506364Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 82132627-35f7-4141-9a10-c40d5ff92dd1 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Hard but Robust, Easy but Sensitive: How Encoder and Decoder Perform in Neural Machine Translation Unresolved cited work

Reference 32

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T12:55:58.633539Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 086ed602-55e0-4401-885f-5ba71afb5395 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Hard but Robust, Easy but Sensitive: How Encoder and Decoder Perform in Neural Machine Translation Unresolved cited work

Reference 33

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T12:55:58.512513Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 05f17585-07e0-41a2-b7e8-1a6063e498e1 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Hard but Robust, Easy but Sensitive: How Encoder and Decoder Perform in Neural Machine Translation Unresolved cited work

Reference 34

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T12:55:58.515396Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 9d5a5d86-9a9a-4fbd-b132-96752ebc9781 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Hard but Robust, Easy but Sensitive: How Encoder and Decoder Perform in Neural Machine Translation Unresolved cited work

Reference 35

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T12:55:58.518237Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 37143463-ab5b-48a2-aec3-dfe17b7732e9 · outbound

This paper cites Google's Neural Machine Translation System: Bridging the Gap between Human and Machine Translation.

Hard but Robust, Easy but Sensitive: How Encoder and Decoder Perform in Neural Machine Translation Google's Neural Machine Translation System: Bridging the Gap between Human and Machine Translation

Reference 36

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T12:55:58.521525Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Pith citing papers

Observation 840b2167-91a2-4d1a-81fe-9599a5573fcf · inbound

SimLabel: Consistency-Guided OOD Detection with Pretrained Vision-Language Models cites this paper.

SimLabel: Consistency-Guided OOD Detection with Pretrained Vision-Language Models Hard but Robust, Easy but Sensitive: How Encoder and Decoder Perform in Neural Machine Translation

Reference 37

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-10T18:17:23.945527Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.