Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Improving LLM Leaderboards with Psychometrical Methodology

As of 13 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 22 of 22 outbound references and 2 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2501.17200.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2501.17200 v1

Coverage vector

measured 22 of 22 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-10T12:49:36.947895Z

measured 24 of 24 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00

measured 2 of 2 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-02T17:05:10.649774Z

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: arxiv_reference, observed 2026-05-13T23:08:25.137504Z

Reference resolution

22 of 22 outbound references displayed

verified exact4
verified fuzzy8
unresolved10
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier0
metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation d0872fcc-d50c-4c68-b9ee-a0fe650b36e3 · outbound

This paper cites cognitive.

Improving LLM Leaderboards with Psychometrical Methodology cognitive

Reference 1

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T12:49:37.766531Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

Observation 838d8ec6-a096-450c-baa0-bde466efc2db · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Improving LLM Leaderboards with Psychometrical Methodology Unresolved cited work

Reference 2

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T12:49:36.939384Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 210174d2-6839-45d1-889c-46041772b8df · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Improving LLM Leaderboards with Psychometrical Methodology Unresolved cited work

Reference 4

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T12:49:37.745030Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

Observation 4a39b8b7-71a0-40b5-840c-f5723b71b4ea · outbound

This paper cites 1 The initial unidimensional model calibrated on the older leaderboard dataset, exhibited relatively poor model fit under Maximum Likelihood Robust estimator (Yuan & Bentler, 2000).

Improving LLM Leaderboards with Psychometrical Methodology 1 The initial unidimensional model calibrated on the older leaderboard dataset, exhibited relatively poor model fit under Maximum Likelihood Robust estimator (Yuan & Bentler, 2000)

Reference 5

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T12:49:37.778084Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

Observation 5faefccb-b992-4e0f-8805-b60efb313e9b · outbound

This paper cites Which LLM is the best?.

Improving LLM Leaderboards with Psychometrical Methodology Which LLM is the best?

Reference 6

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T12:49:37.721075Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

Observation e699e461-e502-412f-9bf0-ff35ab799a14 · outbound

This paper cites general cognitive ability.

Improving LLM Leaderboards with Psychometrical Methodology general cognitive ability

Reference 7

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T12:49:37.697537Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

Observation 95d639a3-1a32-4fbb-a236-b47181832b6a · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Improving LLM Leaderboards with Psychometrical Methodology Unresolved cited work

Reference 8

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T12:49:36.907878Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation fa2a2ec6-752c-4591-b353-06a55bfeebe2 · outbound

This paper cites outliers.

Improving LLM Leaderboards with Psychometrical Methodology outliers

Reference 11

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T12:49:37.685460Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

Observation bf5b87a5-5f7d-4d8e-a176-f70eb7475075 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Improving LLM Leaderboards with Psychometrical Methodology Unresolved cited work

Reference 20

Resolution: verified exact; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T12:49:37.377673Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

Observation 307edf66-a4c8-46aa-9451-c7cc81ac6cd1 · outbound

This paper cites Variational Item Response Theory: Fast, Accurate, and Expressive.

Improving LLM Leaderboards with Psychometrical Methodology Variational Item Response Theory: Fast, Accurate, and Expressive

Reference 21

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T12:49:36.943661Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation b5e49480-7491-4981-94f7-cfcff384d724 · outbound

This paper cites Sociological methodology, 30(1), 165-200.

Improving LLM Leaderboards with Psychometrical Methodology Sociological methodology, 30(1), 165-200

Reference 22

Resolution: verified exact; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T12:49:37.223780Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

Observation 87d62a63-1f29-46f3-b3fd-46e0a97eeaa3 · outbound

This paper cites LawBench: Benchmarking Legal Knowledge of Large Language Models.

Improving LLM Leaderboards with Psychometrical Methodology LawBench: Benchmarking Legal Knowledge of Large Language Models

Reference 25

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T12:49:36.919546Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation b52efee5-1a38-45df-8026-a81d55cd2afa · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Improving LLM Leaderboards with Psychometrical Methodology Unresolved cited work

Reference 95

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-10T12:49:37.005164Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

Observation 2bac8fb8-bdc3-414e-bbd9-a2653163c17f · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Improving LLM Leaderboards with Psychometrical Methodology Unresolved cited work

Reference 118

Resolution: verified exact; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T12:49:37.611257Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

Observation 3c3cca9e-2f10-4978-9f50-28b1c2445d49 · outbound

This paper cites Observational Scaling Laws and the Predictability of Language Model Performance.

Improving LLM Leaderboards with Psychometrical Methodology Observational Scaling Laws and the Predictability of Language Model Performance

Reference 306

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T12:49:36.935178Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation f80b7f35-9aed-42af-a5c9-5ad22940e80c · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Improving LLM Leaderboards with Psychometrical Methodology Unresolved cited work

Reference 421

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T12:49:36.923696Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 74b141c5-4d4f-4f68-93ac-87ef82f2e36f · outbound

This paper cites A Survey on Evaluation of Large Language Models.

Improving LLM Leaderboards with Psychometrical Methodology A Survey on Evaluation of Large Language Models

Reference 839

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T12:49:36.915287Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 4b4c5a5c-8091-44ca-ad87-26b5073f87eb · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Improving LLM Leaderboards with Psychometrical Methodology Unresolved cited work

Reference 1978

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T12:49:37.755898Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

Observation 208d9e9b-16e0-425f-a461-991454459b56 · outbound

This paper cites These questions are administered in a 5-shot manner.

Improving LLM Leaderboards with Psychometrical Methodology These questions are administered in a 5-shot manner

Reference 2021

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T12:49:37.789631Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

Observation 39feace7-dccb-4d0f-aa12-ffa9193fb82e · outbound

This paper cites utilitarian.

Improving LLM Leaderboards with Psychometrical Methodology utilitarian

Reference 2022

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T12:49:37.709752Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

Observation a0cb0ef7-aef5-4a74-852e-d8be4d49aaf9 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Improving LLM Leaderboards with Psychometrical Methodology Unresolved cited work

Reference 2023

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T12:49:37.801455Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

Observation 8b0e996b-44ec-40ca-a5fc-9db9d1ccb749 · outbound

This paper cites A clear ceiling effect indicates that further increases in the number of parameters in LLMs results in increasingly diminishing improvements in model performance.

Improving LLM Leaderboards with Psychometrical Methodology A clear ceiling effect indicates that further increases in the number of parameters in LLMs results in increasingly diminishing improvements in model performance

Reference 2024

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T12:49:37.733271Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

Pith citing papers

Observation 90e94b55-168e-42ea-a437-178c91e53edc · inbound

HumorRank: A Tournament-Based Leaderboard for Evaluating Humor Generation in Large Language Models cites this paper.

HumorRank: A Tournament-Based Leaderboard for Evaluating Humor Generation in Large Language Models Improving LLM Leaderboards with Psychometrical Methodology

Reference 14

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-13T23:08:25.140620Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-13T06:32:02.005865+00:00.

Observation 3a697ee8-d627-4b5d-9157-e4b5721c4274 · inbound

HumorRank: A Tournament-Based Leaderboard for Evaluating Humor Generation in Large Language Models cites this paper.

HumorRank: A Tournament-Based Leaderboard for Evaluating Humor Generation in Large Language Models Improving LLM Leaderboards with Psychometrical Methodology

Reference 14

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T17:05:10.649774Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.