Soft X-ray harmonic comb from relativistic electron spikes
classification
⚛️ physics.plasm-ph
physics.optics
keywords
harmonicelectronmechanismspikeboundariescatastrophecavitycollectively
read the original abstract
We demonstrate a new high-order harmonic generation mechanism reaching the `water window' spectral region in experiments with multi-terawatt femtosecond lasers irradiating gas jets. A few hundred harmonic orders are resolved, giving uJ/sr pulses. Harmonics are collectively emitted by an oscillating electron spike formed at the joint of the boundaries of a cavity and bow wave created by a relativistically self-focusing laser in underdense plasma. The spike sharpness and stability are explained by catastrophe theory. The mechanism is corroborated by particle-in-cell simulations.
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