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arxiv: 2606.24125 · v1 · pith:4QCA4JSSnew · submitted 2026-06-23 · ❄️ cond-mat.str-el

Density-wave order enhances the phonon thermal Hall effect in a trilayer nickelate

Qiaochao Xiang , Enkang Zhang , Xiaokang Li , Xiaodong Guo , Mengfei Zhu , Jun Zhao , Guang-Ming Zhang , Liang Li
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Zengwei Zhu
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Pith reviewed 2026-06-25 23:23 UTC · model grok-4.3

classification ❄️ cond-mat.str-el
keywords phonon thermal Hall effectdensity-wave ordertrilayer nickelateLa4Ni3O10magnon-phonon hybridizationthermal transportspin-lattice coupling
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The pith

Density-wave order in La4Ni3O10 strongly enhances the phonon thermal Hall effect below 140 K via magnon-phonon hybridization.

A machine-rendered reading of the paper's core claim, the machinery that carries it, and where it could break.

The paper reports a finite phonon thermal Hall effect in the trilayer nickelate La4Ni3O10 at ambient pressure. This response strengthens sharply below the density-wave transition at T* around 140 K and develops two distinct plateaus in the thermal Hall resistivity. An energy scale of roughly 4.1 meV extracted from the thermal Hall data closely matches the 3.2 meV span of the magnon-phonon crossing, which the authors identify as evidence that hybridization between magnons and phonons drives the enhancement. The finding connects lattice and spin degrees of freedom in the normal state of nickelates and bears on their superconductivity.

Core claim

In La4Ni3O10 the phonon thermal Hall effect appears at ambient pressure and becomes strongly enhanced below the density-wave transition temperature T* approximately 140 K, where the thermal Hall resistivity exhibits two clear plateaus. The characteristic energy extracted from the temperature dependence of the thermal Hall response is about 4.1 meV and matches the magnon-phonon crossing span energy of about 3.2 meV, leading to the conclusion that magnon-phonon hybridization supplies the dominant mechanism for the observed enhancement.

What carries the argument

Magnon-phonon hybridization, which mixes spin-wave and lattice excitations to enlarge the thermal Hall response once density-wave order sets in.

Load-bearing premise

The numerical agreement between the 4.1 meV thermal Hall energy scale and the 3.2 meV magnon-phonon crossing energy establishes hybridization as the primary enhancing mechanism rather than coincidence or unrelated contributions.

What would settle it

Shift the magnon-phonon crossing energy away from 4 meV in a related compound while keeping the density-wave transition intact and check whether the thermal Hall enhancement disappears.

Figures

Figures reproduced from arXiv: 2606.24125 by Enkang Zhang, Guang-Ming Zhang, Jun Zhao, Liang Li, Mengfei Zhu, Qiaochao Xiang, Xiaodong Guo, Xiaokang Li, Zengwei Zhu.

Figure 1
Figure 1. Figure 1: (a) shows the ambient-pressure crystal structure of La4Ni3O10 in the monoclinic P21/a phase, consist￾ing of trilayer NiO2 planes separated by LaO rock-salt layers[8] [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p002_1.png] view at source ↗
Figure 2
Figure 2. Figure 2: FIG. 2 [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p003_2.png] view at source ↗
Figure 3
Figure 3. Figure 3: FIG. 3 [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p004_3.png] view at source ↗
Figure 4
Figure 4. Figure 4: FIG. 4 [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p005_4.png] view at source ↗
read the original abstract

Ruddlesden--Popper nickelates have emerged as a promising platform for high-temperature superconductivity, yet the role of lattice degrees of freedom in their correlated normal state remains largely unexplored. Here, we report the observation of a finite phonon thermal Hall effect in the trilayer nickelate La$_4$Ni$_3$O$_{10}$ at ambient pressure. Remarkably, the thermal Hall response is strongly enhanced below the density-wave transition at $T^*\approx140$ K, exhibiting two distinct plateaus in the thermal Hall resistivity. The characteristic energy scale extracted from the thermal Hall response ($\sim4.1$ meV) closely matches the magnon--phonon crossing span energy ($\sim3.2$ meV), pointing to magnon--phonon hybridization as the primary mechanism enhancing the thermal Hall effect. These results provide new insight into the interplay between lattice and spin excitations in nickelates, with implications for understanding both their superconductivity and the multiple possible origins of insulating thermal Hall signals.

Editorial analysis

A structured set of objections, weighed in public.

Desk editor's note, referee report, simulated authors' rebuttal, and a circularity audit. Tearing a paper down is the easy half of reading it; the pith above is the substance, this is the friction.

Referee Report

1 major / 0 minor

Summary. The manuscript reports the observation of a finite phonon thermal Hall effect in the trilayer nickelate La₄Ni₃O₁₀ at ambient pressure. The thermal Hall response is strongly enhanced below the density-wave transition at T* ≈ 140 K, exhibiting two distinct plateaus in the thermal Hall resistivity. A characteristic energy scale of ~4.1 meV is extracted from the thermal Hall response and noted to closely match the magnon–phonon crossing span energy of ~3.2 meV, leading the authors to identify magnon–phonon hybridization as the primary mechanism for the enhancement. The work discusses implications for lattice-spin interplay in nickelates and possible origins of insulating thermal Hall signals.

Significance. If the central claim of mechanism attribution holds, the result would provide direct experimental evidence linking density-wave order to enhanced phonon thermal Hall conductivity via magnon-phonon hybridization in a Ruddlesden-Popper nickelate. This would add to the understanding of correlated normal states in these materials and their potential relevance to high-temperature superconductivity, while contributing to the broader discussion of microscopic origins of thermal Hall signals in insulators.

major comments (1)
  1. [Mechanism discussion (corresponding to abstract claim and any dedicated results subsection on energy-scale comparison)] The attribution of the enhancement to magnon–phonon hybridization rests on the numerical proximity between the extracted thermal Hall energy scale (~4.1 meV) and the magnon–phonon crossing span (~3.2 meV). No quantitative transport calculation, Boltzmann-equation solution, or microscopic simulation is presented that converts the reported crossing energy into the measured thermal Hall resistivity magnitude, its temperature dependence, or the two observed plateaus. Alternative scattering channels or extrinsic contributions are not quantitatively bounded, leaving open the possibility that the match is coincidental.

Simulated Author's Rebuttal

1 responses · 0 unresolved

We thank the referee for their careful reading of the manuscript and for raising this important point about the strength of the mechanism attribution. We respond to the major comment below.

read point-by-point responses

  1. Referee: The attribution of the enhancement to magnon–phonon hybridization rests on the numerical proximity between the extracted thermal Hall energy scale (~4.1 meV) and the magnon–phonon crossing span (~3.2 meV). No quantitative transport calculation, Boltzmann-equation solution, or microscopic simulation is presented that converts the reported crossing energy into the measured thermal Hall resistivity magnitude, its temperature dependence, or the two observed plateaus. Alternative scattering channels or extrinsic contributions are not quantitatively bounded, leaving open the possibility that the match is coincidental.

    Authors: We agree that a full microscopic transport calculation would provide more definitive support. However, such a calculation requires detailed knowledge of the magnon-phonon coupling matrix elements and the full dispersions, which are not yet experimentally constrained in La4Ni3O10. The attribution instead rests on two independent observations: (i) the thermal Hall resistivity onsets sharply at the density-wave transition T* and develops two clear plateaus whose characteristic energy scale (~4.1 meV) matches the magnon-phonon crossing span (~3.2 meV) extracted from the reported dispersions, and (ii) the temperature dependence of the Hall signal tracks the density-wave order parameter rather than any extrinsic scattering channel. These correlations make a purely coincidental numerical match improbable. We have already discussed why purely phononic or impurity-based mechanisms are inconsistent with the data; quantitative upper bounds on those channels would require additional measurements (e.g., field-angle dependence or isotope substitution) that lie outside the present study. We therefore maintain the interpretation while acknowledging the absence of a first-principles transport simulation. revision: no

Circularity Check

0 steps flagged

No circularity: experimental observations and direct energy-scale comparison are self-contained.

full rationale

The paper reports measured thermal Hall resistivity data showing enhancement and plateaus below T*≈140 K, then notes a numerical proximity between an extracted scale (~4.1 meV) and a reported magnon-phonon crossing span (~3.2 meV) as interpretive support for hybridization. No equations, fitting procedures, or self-citations are invoked that reduce any claimed result to its own inputs by construction. The comparison is presented as suggestive evidence rather than a derived prediction, and the manuscript contains no load-bearing derivation chain, ansatz smuggling, or uniqueness theorem. This is the normal case of an observational study whose central claims rest on external data rather than tautological reduction.

Axiom & Free-Parameter Ledger

0 free parameters · 1 axioms · 0 invented entities

The paper's claim relies on standard assumptions in condensed matter physics regarding quasiparticle excitations and thermal transport; no free parameters or new entities are introduced in the abstract.

axioms (1)
  • domain assumption The thermal Hall effect in this context is dominated by phonons whose transport is modified by density-wave order via magnon hybridization.
    This is the interpretive framework used to link the observation to the mechanism.

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