Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

LLMs for estimating positional bias in logged interaction data

As of 7 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 19 of 19 outbound references and 0 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2509.03696.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2509.03696 v1

Coverage vector

measured 19 of 19 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-05T10:47:43.058140Z

measured 19 of 19 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-06T06:34:29.942622+00:00

measured 0 of 0 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: cited_works

Reference resolution

19 of 19 outbound references displayed

verified exact1
verified fuzzy1
unresolved16
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier0
metadata mismatch1

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation 56e5741f-201d-46c3-882e-a71e8c28a6a3 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

LLMs for estimating positional bias in logged interaction data Unresolved cited work

Reference 1

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T10:47:44.344037Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-06T06:34:29.942622+00:00.

Observation b67d0cb0-35d8-4d68-a7e6-1e2bdfb1d5bf · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

LLMs for estimating positional bias in logged interaction data Unresolved cited work

Reference 2

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T10:47:44.334859Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-06T06:34:29.942622+00:00.

Observation f3793c5f-48ce-4a23-b0b6-0d896d908ba0 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

LLMs for estimating positional bias in logged interaction data Unresolved cited work

Reference 3

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T10:47:41.773400Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 16b4edf0-d155-48d0-8b9a-75738a45d620 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

LLMs for estimating positional bias in logged interaction data Unresolved cited work

Reference 4

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T10:47:44.318408Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-06T06:34:29.942622+00:00.

Observation bea3d11c-f8da-41ae-bd68-1f1cc05ffe26 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

LLMs for estimating positional bias in logged interaction data Unresolved cited work

Reference 5

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T10:47:44.308337Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-06T06:34:29.942622+00:00.

Observation 552a5beb-8c8d-4450-83b5-d575f92e00a9 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

LLMs for estimating positional bias in logged interaction data Unresolved cited work

Reference 6

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T10:47:44.298866Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-06T06:34:29.942622+00:00.

Observation b6171016-6507-46eb-ad72-c9608a3a203d · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

LLMs for estimating positional bias in logged interaction data Unresolved cited work

Reference 7

Resolution: metadata mismatch; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T10:47:43.567455Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-06T06:34:29.942622+00:00.

Observation 3bc1e28b-a43e-4ee9-86e2-e6bfc9002607 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

LLMs for estimating positional bias in logged interaction data Unresolved cited work

Reference 8

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T10:47:44.289524Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-06T06:34:29.942622+00:00.

Observation e879d173-39dd-4989-886c-dba2cd55229a · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

LLMs for estimating positional bias in logged interaction data Unresolved cited work

Reference 9

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T10:47:42.231008Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 71623bd5-6e26-42d2-8ace-a66f7f960138 · outbound

This paper cites Passage Re-ranking with BERT.

LLMs for estimating positional bias in logged interaction data Passage Re-ranking with BERT

Reference 10

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T10:47:42.418782Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 5664a69a-f091-4712-9857-7c256c201205 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

LLMs for estimating positional bias in logged interaction data Unresolved cited work

Reference 11

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T10:47:44.273365Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-06T06:34:29.942622+00:00.

Observation f467c1cd-4eab-4302-9687-beaa86dd7ec3 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

LLMs for estimating positional bias in logged interaction data Unresolved cited work

Reference 12

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T10:47:44.252938Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-06T06:34:29.942622+00:00.

Observation cb79d737-3f49-47c6-ad99-33ebc9f9744c · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

LLMs for estimating positional bias in logged interaction data Unresolved cited work

Reference 13

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T10:47:44.055692Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-06T06:34:29.942622+00:00.

Observation bdd60c40-1cf8-4af7-a601-a106703830fe · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

LLMs for estimating positional bias in logged interaction data Unresolved cited work

Reference 14

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T10:47:43.881206Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-06T06:34:29.942622+00:00.

Observation 14020b2d-dfb8-473a-bbcd-8d31a0df8104 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

LLMs for estimating positional bias in logged interaction data Unresolved cited work

Reference 15

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T10:47:43.711352Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-06T06:34:29.942622+00:00.

Observation 09fe9bd9-b351-4ef4-8e4e-224718db20c1 · outbound

This paper cites Is ChatGPT Good at Search? Investigating Large Language Models as Re-Ranking Agents.

LLMs for estimating positional bias in logged interaction data Is ChatGPT Good at Search? Investigating Large Language Models as Re-Ranking Agents

Reference 16

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T10:47:42.976099Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation c52bb531-2d1b-4eb3-b087-63ca4cdd10ff · outbound

This paper cites Leveraging LLMs to Evaluate Usefulness of Document.

LLMs for estimating positional bias in logged interaction data Leveraging LLMs to Evaluate Usefulness of Document

Reference 17

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-05T10:47:43.200577Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-06T06:34:29.942622+00:00.

Observation 0db72e4c-1472-45d4-997f-0b62c4b6eb10 · outbound

This paper cites In Proceedings of The Web Conference 2020.

LLMs for estimating positional bias in logged interaction data In Proceedings of The Web Conference 2020

Reference 2020

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-05T10:47:44.263490Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-06T06:34:29.942622+00:00.

Observation 5cce47f9-bbef-41fc-92e0-bee044dc03e5 · outbound

This paper cites URL https://arxiv.

LLMs for estimating positional bias in logged interaction data URL https://arxiv

Reference 2025

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T10:47:42.324007Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Pith citing papers

No inbound Pith citation observations are available.