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The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: High-resolution component-separated maps across one-third of the sky
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abstract
Observations of the millimeter sky contain valuable information on a number of signals, including the blackbody cosmic microwave background (CMB), Galactic emissions, and the Compton-$y$ distortion due to the thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (tSZ) effect. Extracting new insight into cosmological and astrophysical questions often requires combining multi-wavelength observations to spectrally isolate one component. In this work, we present a new arcminute-resolution Compton-$y$ map, which traces out the line-of-sight-integrated electron pressure, as well as maps of the CMB in intensity and E-mode polarization, across a third of the sky (around 13,000 sq.~deg.). We produce these through a joint analysis of data from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) Data Release 4 and 6 at frequencies of roughly 93, 148, and 225 GHz, together with data from the \textit{Planck} satellite at frequencies between 30 GHz and 545 GHz. We present detailed verification of an internal linear combination pipeline implemented in a needlet frame that allows us to efficiently suppress Galactic contamination and account for spatial variations in the ACT instrument noise. These maps provide a significant advance, in noise levels and resolution, over the existing \textit{Planck} component-separated maps and will enable a host of science goals including studies of cluster and galaxy astrophysics, inferences of the cosmic velocity field, primordial non-Gaussianity searches, and gravitational lensing reconstruction of the CMB.
Forward citations
Cited by 10 Pith papers
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Minimizing Contaminant Leakage in Internal Linear Combination Maps Using a Data-Driven Approach
Data-driven selection of the effective CIB spectral index per multipole bin enables unbiased, higher signal-to-noise tSZ-halo cross-correlations without moment deprojection.
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Tomographer: End-to-end Redshift Distribution Estimation for Source Catalogs and Intensity Maps
Tomographer recovers bias-weighted redshift distributions b(z)dN/dz or b(z)dI/dz from source catalogs or intensity maps in minutes, using precomputed activation maps instead of user-side pair counting.
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Single Frequency CMB Foreground Removal with Inter-scale Machine Learning
A hybrid CNN using both inter-scale and multi-frequency dust correlations achieves residual B-mode foreground power 3.62e-4 in DustFilaments simulations, about 7x lower than spatial ILC.
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Velocity Reconstruction from KSZ: Measuring $f_{NL}$ with ACT and DESILS
The first 3D velocity reconstruction from a photometric galaxy survey detects the galaxy-velocity power spectrum at 11.7 sigma and constrains fNL = -39 +40/-33.
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Mapping the gas density with the kinematic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich and patchy screening effects: a self-consistent comparison
A 7.2-sigma kSZ detection and a 4.1-sigma patchy screening signal around DESI LRGs, with the screening signal attributed mostly to CMB lensing, leaving a 95% upper limit tau < 2.5e-4 for the gas optical depth.
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Impact of Galactic non-Gaussian foregrounds on CMB lensing measurements
Galactic dust bias on CMB lensing amplitude is below 0.3σ for ACT but can exceed 0.3σ for Simons Observatory with wide masks, depending on the dust model.
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CMB-S4: Foreground-Cleaning Pipeline Comparison for Measuring Primordial Gravitational Waves
For simulated CMB-S4 South Pole observations, three foreground-cleaning pipelines give comparable r constraints on simple foregrounds, but extended residual marginalization is needed to remove complex-foreground biase...
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Modeling beam chromaticity for high-resolution CMB analyses
Neglecting frequency-dependent beams in a Simons Observatory-like analysis biases foreground parameters by more than 2 sigma and cosmological parameters by up to 0.3 sigma, making per-component color-corrected beams n...
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Bayesian analysis of $\alpha$-Starobinsky model with Planck, ACT and DESI data
With Planck+ACT+DESI, pure Starobinsky requires N*>60 while free α shows a 1σ preference for log10 α>0; ACT lensing adds little to the primordial constraints.
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The Cosmic Microwave Background -- Secondary Anisotropies
A comprehensive review of the physics, observational status, and future prospects of CMB secondary anisotropies, containing no new results.
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