Nonlocality in metallo-dielectric multilayers: numerical tools and physical analysis

We provide theoretical and numerical tools to quantitatively study the impact of nonlocality arising from free electrons in metals on the optical properties of metallo-dielectric multilayers. Though effects due to nonlocality are in general quite small, they nevertheless can be important for very thin (typically below 10 nm) metallic layers - as are used in structures characterized by relatively flat dispersion curves. Such structures include those with negative refractive index; hyperbolic metamaterials; and materials with index near zero. We find in all cases that the inclusion of nonlocal effects through application of the hydrodynamic model to the electron response leads to a higher transmission through the considered medium. Finally, we examine the excitation of gap-plasmon resonances, where nonlocality plays a much greater role, and suggest possible routes for experimental investigation.