Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Can Local Learning Match Self-Supervised Backpropagation?

As of 15 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 19 of 19 outbound references and 0 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2601.21683.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2601.21683 v2

Coverage vector

measured 19 of 19 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-03T07:00:33.812530Z

measured 19 of 19 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00

measured 0 of 0 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: cited_works

Reference resolution

19 of 19 outbound references displayed

verified exact1
verified fuzzy0
unresolved18
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier0
metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation 60999764-6af4-4724-b8af-4571cdde7150 · outbound

This paper cites Otherwise, we use the strict convexity of Ll with respect to Bl, which implies that Bl ∗ is uniquely defined.

Can Local Learning Match Self-Supervised Backpropagation? Otherwise, we use the strict convexity of Ll with respect to Bl, which implies that Bl ∗ is uniquely defined

Reference 1

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T07:00:33.801219Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation a7c08b20-b787-43a5-a264-ee445b04d34b · outbound

This paper cites Patches from the same image are used as positive samples.

Can Local Learning Match Self-Supervised Backpropagation? Patches from the same image are used as positive samples

Reference 2

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T07:00:33.803457Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation bd3d4c6c-1a0f-4d7e-adff-cb5c6c7383c5 · outbound

This paper cites 20.629674.

Can Local Learning Match Self-Supervised Backpropagation? 20.629674

Reference 3

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-03T07:04:02.846151Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

Observation fcc2ec43-9a43-4b91-82cd-7c5fb70b9f52 · outbound

This paper cites Benchmarking pre- dictive coding networks – made simple.

Can Local Learning Match Self-Supervised Backpropagation? Benchmarking pre- dictive coding networks – made simple

Reference 9

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T07:00:33.789399Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 5d329a54-5117-42d7-8bf9-7a25a8744690 · outbound

This paper cites 11 Submission and Formatting Instructions for ICML 2026 Schultz, W., Dayan, P., and Montague, P.

Can Local Learning Match Self-Supervised Backpropagation? 11 Submission and Formatting Instructions for ICML 2026 Schultz, W., Dayan, P., and Montague, P

Reference 11

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T07:00:33.794427Z

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Observation 2bad3a37-e773-4aaf-889e-aeb6d0e4e934 · outbound

This paper cites Representation Learning with Contrastive Predictive Coding.

Can Local Learning Match Self-Supervised Backpropagation? Representation Learning with Contrastive Predictive Coding

Reference 12

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T07:00:33.796696Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation e4c66904-28d5-43d7-a828-d9d79c323ad7 · outbound

This paper cites After performing a hyperparameter search and selecting the best model, we found that predictive coding fails to learn useful representations.

Can Local Learning Match Self-Supervised Backpropagation? After performing a hyperparameter search and selecting the best model, we found that predictive coding fails to learn useful representations

Reference 18

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T07:00:33.810149Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 1fbf229e-5b67-4f21-9fb1-a3208f243756 · outbound

This paper cites Detailed choices are specified in Table A4: Table A4.Hyperparameters for different losses in predictive coding.

Can Local Learning Match Self-Supervised Backpropagation? Detailed choices are specified in Table A4: Table A4.Hyperparameters for different losses in predictive coding

Reference 19

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T07:00:33.812530Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation 95eb7246-8bfe-4e00-844b-ea6737e3f17c · outbound

This paper cites The Forward-Forward Algorithm: Some Preliminary Investigations.

Can Local Learning Match Self-Supervised Backpropagation? The Forward-Forward Algorithm: Some Preliminary Investigations

Reference 1949

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T07:00:33.778964Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 8d2b959d-6a11-49da-8f0f-bbffbe86e2af · outbound

This paper cites Putting an end to end-to-end: Gradient-isolated learning of representations.

Can Local Learning Match Self-Supervised Backpropagation? Putting an end to end-to-end: Gradient-isolated learning of representations

Reference 1966

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T07:00:33.784242Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation d82b8be8-4f57-41dd-a5e4-898ca0d63ea6 · outbound

This paper cites EchoSpike Predictive Plasticity: An Online Local Learning Rule for Spiking Neural Networks.

Can Local Learning Match Self-Supervised Backpropagation? EchoSpike Predictive Plasticity: An Online Local Learning Rule for Spiking Neural Networks

Reference 2013

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T07:00:33.775553Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation d61fbdee-b29d-47a8-a122-e0d5ac24cbec · outbound

This paper cites More specifically, we use these methods as approximations of backpropagation in the End-to-End training of the CLAPP objective.

Can Local Learning Match Self-Supervised Backpropagation? More specifically, we use these methods as approximations of backpropagation in the End-to-End training of the CLAPP objective

Reference 2016

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T07:00:33.805609Z

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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 9bbbd64b-37d7-4e6a-b8b7-55fabd32ecb4 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Can Local Learning Match Self-Supervised Backpropagation? Unresolved cited work

Reference 2017

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T07:00:33.808005Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation c783f65c-2814-461c-b9ea-ea4f9291e4dc · outbound

This paper cites A stable, fast, and fully automatic learning algorithm for predictive coding networks.

Can Local Learning Match Self-Supervised Backpropagation? A stable, fast, and fully automatic learning algorithm for predictive coding networks

Reference 2018

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T07:00:33.791894Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation 98b3a72f-93c7-4a2d-9ee1-04bb4a1fc00c · outbound

This paper cites Vicreg: Variance- invariance-covariance regularization for self-supervised learning.

Can Local Learning Match Self-Supervised Backpropagation? Vicreg: Variance- invariance-covariance regularization for self-supervised learning

Reference 2019

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T07:00:33.768179Z

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Observation 172d68d6-1757-47cb-bf3e-6e403494cacb · outbound

This paper cites Block-local learning with probabilistic latent representations.

Can Local Learning Match Self-Supervised Backpropagation? Block-local learning with probabilistic latent representations

Reference 2021

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T07:00:33.781584Z

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Observation 9cfe101b-04ca-476a-9bd5-377ca3604c46 · outbound

This paper cites Efficient Estimation of Word Representations in Vector Space.

Can Local Learning Match Self-Supervised Backpropagation? Efficient Estimation of Word Representations in Vector Space

Reference 2022

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T07:00:33.786422Z

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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation eb63ce25-7e40-407b-a96a-950a79e81b06 · outbound

This paper cites Akrout, M., Wilson, C., Humphreys, P., Lillicrap, T., and Tweed, D.

Can Local Learning Match Self-Supervised Backpropagation? Akrout, M., Wilson, C., Humphreys, P., Lillicrap, T., and Tweed, D

Reference 2024

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T07:00:33.764597Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 15f1aa7d-14bc-45ab-856c-dea0d69801e3 · outbound

This paper cites Proof A.1.

Can Local Learning Match Self-Supervised Backpropagation? Proof A.1

Reference 2025

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T07:00:33.799188Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Pith citing papers

No inbound Pith citation observations are available.