Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

MERaLiON-TextLLM: Cross-Lingual Understanding of Large Language Models in Chinese, Indonesian, Malay, and Singlish

As of 22 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 10 of 10 outbound references and 1 inbound Pith citation observation for arXiv:2501.08335.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2501.08335 v3

Coverage vector

measured 10 of 10 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-11T10:35:23.973675Z

measured 11 of 11 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00

measured 1 of 1 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-07T12:40:19.827302Z

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: pith, observed 2026-08-07T12:40:31.950302Z

Reference resolution

10 of 10 outbound references displayed

verified exact1
verified fuzzy2
unresolved7
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier0
metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation 64fba5aa-b9c2-4274-ba07-a42eade784e5 · outbound

This paper cites Maxtext: A simple, performant, and scalable jax llm, 2024.

MERaLiON-TextLLM: Cross-Lingual Understanding of Large Language Models in Chinese, Indonesian, Malay, and Singlish Maxtext: A simple, performant, and scalable jax llm, 2024

Reference 1

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:35:24.111665Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation 6d354520-3fba-4817-bb1d-70bb9db65177 · outbound

This paper cites The Llama 3 Herd of Models.

MERaLiON-TextLLM: Cross-Lingual Understanding of Large Language Models in Chinese, Indonesian, Malay, and Singlish The Llama 3 Herd of Models

Reference 2

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:35:23.940150Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation c0a84793-397f-4007-bac7-85ed13572230 · outbound

This paper cites C-Eval: A Multi-Level Multi-Discipline Chinese Evaluation Suite for Foundation Models.

MERaLiON-TextLLM: Cross-Lingual Understanding of Large Language Models in Chinese, Indonesian, Malay, and Singlish C-Eval: A Multi-Level Multi-Discipline Chinese Evaluation Suite for Foundation Models

Reference 3

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:35:23.944271Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 19b3e9b4-78f8-4277-9f02-b70481090f83 · outbound

This paper cites Large Language Models Only Pass Primary School Exams in Indonesia: A Comprehensive Test on IndoMMLU.

MERaLiON-TextLLM: Cross-Lingual Understanding of Large Language Models in Chinese, Indonesian, Malay, and Singlish Large Language Models Only Pass Primary School Exams in Indonesia: A Comprehensive Test on IndoMMLU

Reference 4

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-11T10:35:24.066400Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation 5e81182d-b948-4502-b201-6df192127fd2 · outbound

This paper cites CMMLU: Measuring massive multitask language understanding in Chinese.

MERaLiON-TextLLM: Cross-Lingual Understanding of Large Language Models in Chinese, Indonesian, Malay, and Singlish CMMLU: Measuring massive multitask language understanding in Chinese

Reference 5

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:35:23.952730Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 403e01b6-813c-4b16-9304-8071e6a5910d · outbound

This paper cites Singapore.

MERaLiON-TextLLM: Cross-Lingual Understanding of Large Language Models in Chinese, Indonesian, Malay, and Singlish Singapore

Reference 6

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:35:24.099852Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation 048203f6-d96c-4e2b-8e90-10878ce2bb4b · outbound

This paper cites Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size.

MERaLiON-TextLLM: Cross-Lingual Understanding of Large Language Models in Chinese, Indonesian, Malay, and Singlish Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 7

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:35:23.961322Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 56ee915a-4126-4344-b129-3c8139e97283 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

MERaLiON-TextLLM: Cross-Lingual Understanding of Large Language Models in Chinese, Indonesian, Malay, and Singlish Unresolved cited work

Reference 8

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:35:23.965818Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation e98a2f35-f93a-40c6-a2e0-2207dadbe85b · outbound

This paper cites Qwen2 Technical Report.

MERaLiON-TextLLM: Cross-Lingual Understanding of Large Language Models in Chinese, Indonesian, Malay, and Singlish Qwen2 Technical Report

Reference 9

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:35:23.969793Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation ab098249-9a00-46f1-a47d-7d1633d68714 · outbound

This paper cites SeaLLMs 3: Open Foundation and Chat Multilingual Large Language Models for Southeast Asian Languages.

MERaLiON-TextLLM: Cross-Lingual Understanding of Large Language Models in Chinese, Indonesian, Malay, and Singlish SeaLLMs 3: Open Foundation and Chat Multilingual Large Language Models for Southeast Asian Languages

Reference 10

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:35:23.973675Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Pith citing papers

Observation 9235683c-3ab3-4048-907f-a5c3afa2a7ec · inbound

The State of Multilingual LLM Safety Research: From Measuring the Language Gap to Mitigating It cites this paper.

The State of Multilingual LLM Safety Research: From Measuring the Language Gap to Mitigating It MERaLiON-TextLLM: Cross-Lingual Understanding of Large Language Models in Chinese, Indonesian, Malay, and Singlish

Reference 56

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-07T12:40:32.056607Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.