Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Private LoRA Fine-tuning of Open-Source LLMs with Homomorphic Encryption

As of 19 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 26 of 26 outbound references and 2 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2505.07329.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2505.07329 v1

Coverage vector

measured 26 of 26 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-15T22:23:25.669144Z

measured 28 of 28 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00

measured 2 of 2 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-06T21:45:01.383577Z

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: arxiv_reference, observed 2026-05-11T20:46:13.258801Z

Reference resolution

26 of 26 outbound references displayed

verified exact4
verified fuzzy17
unresolved5
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier0
metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation f22e8894-b38d-4a26-b7f7-9603ea2b2b3e · outbound

This paper cites https://siboehm.com/ articles/22/CUDA-MMM, accessed: 2024-10-30.

Private LoRA Fine-tuning of Open-Source LLMs with Homomorphic Encryption https://siboehm.com/ articles/22/CUDA-MMM, accessed: 2024-10-30

Reference 1

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T22:23:27.371068Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 47b7595d-afa0-4382-8e51-d0651c95d56f · outbound

This paper cites The Llama 3 Herd of Models.

Private LoRA Fine-tuning of Open-Source LLMs with Homomorphic Encryption The Llama 3 Herd of Models

Reference 2

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T22:23:25.255013Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation ad7c30e5-55c7-4981-ac64-99ab5a8c9b0f · outbound

This paper cites In: Applied Cryptography and Network Security: 17th International Conference, ACNS 2019, Bogota, Colombia, June 5–7, 2019, Proceedings 17.

Private LoRA Fine-tuning of Open-Source LLMs with Homomorphic Encryption In: Applied Cryptography and Network Security: 17th International Conference, ACNS 2019, Bogota, Colombia, June 5–7, 2019, Proceedings 17

Reference 3

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T22:23:27.354950Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 5ac8e250-0748-4c86-abd6-18166fc28dde · outbound

This paper cites BMC Medical Genomics 11(4), 86 (Oct 2018), https://doi.org/10.1186/s12920-018-0398-y.

Private LoRA Fine-tuning of Open-Source LLMs with Homomorphic Encryption BMC Medical Genomics 11(4), 86 (Oct 2018), https://doi.org/10.1186/s12920-018-0398-y

Reference 4

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-15T22:23:25.941573Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 63ebaf1c-7852-40b1-85c6-ec34a8589bfd · outbound

This paper cites Journal of Cryptology 33(1), 34–91 (2020).

Private LoRA Fine-tuning of Open-Source LLMs with Homomorphic Encryption Journal of Cryptology 33(1), 34–91 (2020)

Reference 5

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T22:23:27.337213Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation eb1871ce-c580-495e-b512-a00389c98dfc · outbound

This paper cites Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 36 (2024).

Private LoRA Fine-tuning of Open-Source LLMs with Homomorphic Encryption Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 36 (2024)

Reference 6

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T22:23:25.274764Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation aba34f03-8209-4e73-9c1b-88644ee85f9c · outbound

This paper cites DLoRA: Distributed Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning Solution for Large Language Model.

Private LoRA Fine-tuning of Open-Source LLMs with Homomorphic Encryption DLoRA: Distributed Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning Solution for Large Language Model

Reference 7

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T22:23:25.281375Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation a0bd7f3b-5ab2-42a8-8a3e-11dfb040a9ad · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Private LoRA Fine-tuning of Open-Source LLMs with Homomorphic Encryption Unresolved cited work

Reference 8

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-15T22:23:25.897602Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 441acaf1-9ff6-4704-8646-8585c5d605cc · outbound

This paper cites In: Proceedings of the AAAI conference on artificial intelligence.

Private LoRA Fine-tuning of Open-Source LLMs with Homomorphic Encryption In: Proceedings of the AAAI conference on artificial intelligence

Reference 9

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T22:23:27.261924Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 76f178d8-1e80-495c-b517-aea4d245c455 · outbound

This paper cites Advances in neural information processing systems 35, 15718–15731 (2022).

Private LoRA Fine-tuning of Open-Source LLMs with Homomorphic Encryption Advances in neural information processing systems 35, 15718–15731 (2022)

Reference 10

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T22:23:27.014402Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 31cddc21-4d36-458e-b0b2-c1a4bcf126bf · outbound

This paper cites In: International Conference on Learning Representations (2022), https://openreview.net/forum?id=nZeVKeeFYf9.

Private LoRA Fine-tuning of Open-Source LLMs with Homomorphic Encryption In: International Conference on Learning Representations (2022), https://openreview.net/forum?id=nZeVKeeFYf9

Reference 11

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T22:23:26.998391Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 0e823831-e715-4864-b793-97f6575abbe7 · outbound

This paper cites In: 31st USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 22).

Private LoRA Fine-tuning of Open-Source LLMs with Homomorphic Encryption In: 31st USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 22)

Reference 12

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T22:23:26.983980Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation f6e6170f-3b98-4eb8-ac4b-70d8efd01c9f · outbound

This paper cites In: Proceedings of the IEEE conference on computer vision and pattern recognition.

Private LoRA Fine-tuning of Open-Source LLMs with Homomorphic Encryption In: Proceedings of the IEEE conference on computer vision and pattern recognition

Reference 13

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T22:23:26.969013Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 9fbf0240-f100-4459-b571-bf1d90f5d3b3 · outbound

This paper cites In: Rosulek, M.

Private LoRA Fine-tuning of Open-Source LLMs with Homomorphic Encryption In: Rosulek, M

Reference 14

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T22:23:26.952918Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation e8970424-8ae2-4bb3-a17f-17ca09edf062 · outbound

This paper cites In: 27th USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 18).

Private LoRA Fine-tuning of Open-Source LLMs with Homomorphic Encryption In: 27th USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 18)

Reference 15

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T22:23:26.760351Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 5fd7c283-4e3b-4210-8abe-cbd0bc279e05 · outbound

This paper cites BMC Medical Genomics 11(4), 83 (Oct 2018), https://doi.

Private LoRA Fine-tuning of Open-Source LLMs with Homomorphic Encryption BMC Medical Genomics 11(4), 83 (Oct 2018), https://doi

Reference 16

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-15T22:23:25.784153Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation da0117a4-d61f-46e0-8601-e0c133725eb5 · outbound

This paper cites Advances in neural information processing systems 33, 9193–9202 (2020).

Private LoRA Fine-tuning of Open-Source LLMs with Homomorphic Encryption Advances in neural information processing systems 33, 9193–9202 (2020)

Reference 17

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T22:23:26.744351Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation a5481f04-9577-4dea-a51d-836fef5adfa8 · outbound

This paper cites In: Advances in Cryptology – EUROCRYPT 2010.

Private LoRA Fine-tuning of Open-Source LLMs with Homomorphic Encryption In: Advances in Cryptology – EUROCRYPT 2010

Reference 18

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T22:23:26.726879Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 33ff9ccb-c6ec-4ad3-b6d6-2975b704e8e8 · outbound

This paper cites In: Proceedings of the 10th ACM International Workshop on Security and Privacy Analytics.

Private LoRA Fine-tuning of Open-Source LLMs with Homomorphic Encryption In: Proceedings of the 10th ACM International Workshop on Security and Privacy Analytics

Reference 19

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T22:23:25.565823Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation d74715da-67d9-4210-a4c7-527426b5dceb · outbound

This paper cites In: Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF conference on computer vision and pattern recognition workshops.

Private LoRA Fine-tuning of Open-Source LLMs with Homomorphic Encryption In: Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF conference on computer vision and pattern recognition workshops

Reference 20

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T22:23:26.607366Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 798f5924-5d04-43aa-af8a-e02e49cab103 · outbound

This paper cites In: Stern, J.

Private LoRA Fine-tuning of Open-Source LLMs with Homomorphic Encryption In: Stern, J

Reference 21

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T22:23:26.505487Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation f5c3f78d-7ab2-4924-bd21-b13aac330843 · outbound

This paper cites In: Proceedings of the 37th Annual ACM Symposium on Theory of Computing (STOC 2005).

Private LoRA Fine-tuning of Open-Source LLMs with Homomorphic Encryption In: Proceedings of the 37th Annual ACM Symposium on Theory of Computing (STOC 2005)

Reference 22

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T22:23:26.489734Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 5faa2bf0-629d-44be-9a26-9ee445012bbe · outbound

This paper cites PrivateLoRA For Efficient Privacy Preserving LLM.

Private LoRA Fine-tuning of Open-Source LLMs with Homomorphic Encryption PrivateLoRA For Efficient Privacy Preserving LLM

Reference 23

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T22:23:25.644745Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation b24421fc-7c7f-43a5-ba43-b3613c495c58 · outbound

This paper cites In: International Conference on Machine Learning.

Private LoRA Fine-tuning of Open-Source LLMs with Homomorphic Encryption In: International Conference on Machine Learning

Reference 24

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T22:23:26.473033Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation c30119f3-b25d-4b84-ac21-c6eb922cce05 · outbound

This paper cites PackVFL: Efficient HE Packing for Vertical Federated Learning.

Private LoRA Fine-tuning of Open-Source LLMs with Homomorphic Encryption PackVFL: Efficient HE Packing for Vertical Federated Learning

Reference 25

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-15T22:23:26.024517Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation b136e249-a713-47f2-bff7-919ce891b08f · outbound

This paper cites In: 2020 USENIX Annual Technical Conference (USENIX ATC 20).

Private LoRA Fine-tuning of Open-Source LLMs with Homomorphic Encryption In: 2020 USENIX Annual Technical Conference (USENIX ATC 20)

Reference 26

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T22:23:26.339290Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Pith citing papers

Observation 91eb660e-1b1d-421d-acda-f38ee0c166d0 · inbound

Attestable Audits: Verifiable AI Safety Benchmarks Using Trusted Execution Environments cites this paper.

Attestable Audits: Verifiable AI Safety Benchmarks Using Trusted Execution Environments Private LoRA Fine-tuning of Open-Source LLMs with Homomorphic Encryption

Reference 25

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T21:45:01.383577Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 219fd979-cda6-41c7-8214-9af4b86a4154 · inbound

Training Machine Learning Models on Encrypted Data: A Privacy-Preserving Framework using Homomorphic Encryption cites this paper.

Training Machine Learning Models on Encrypted Data: A Privacy-Preserving Framework using Homomorphic Encryption Private LoRA Fine-tuning of Open-Source LLMs with Homomorphic Encryption

Reference 10

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-11T20:46:13.264345Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.