Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-10T18:31:03.526404Z
Paper Citation Record · LEDGER
As of 11 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 49 of 49 outbound references and 0 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2501.13952.
A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.
Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-10T18:31:03.526404Z
One-hop event checks from named stored sources.
Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00
Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links
A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.
Source: cited_works
49 of 49 outbound references displayed
External citation measurements
No source-named external measurement is stored.
Observation 96694cea-53b3-4efc-b13e-4d52d54ccc6e · outbound
The Dual-use Dilemma in LLMs: Do Empowering Ethical Capacities Make a Degraded Utility? GPT-4 Technical Report
Reference 1
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 87b9aeb7-7cc2-46ab-8520-780d12f6a591 · outbound
The Dual-use Dilemma in LLMs: Do Empowering Ethical Capacities Make a Degraded Utility? Claude 3 haiku: our fastest model yet
Reference 2
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.
Observation 6f6f6351-89c3-4867-96bc-901739443ce6 · outbound
The Dual-use Dilemma in LLMs: Do Empowering Ethical Capacities Make a Degraded Utility? Ai for chemistry teaching: responsible ai and ethical considerations
Reference 3
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.
Observation 105007df-4803-4eeb-b172-681a602fdb15 · outbound
The Dual-use Dilemma in LLMs: Do Empowering Ethical Capacities Make a Degraded Utility? Boiko, Robert MacKnight, Ben Kline, and Gabe Gomes
Reference 4
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.
Observation e8d1c17f-82ed-49bf-adf6-d93edcb0fba9 · outbound
The Dual-use Dilemma in LLMs: Do Empowering Ethical Capacities Make a Degraded Utility? Bran, Sam Cox, Oliver Schilter, Carlo Baldassari, Andrew D
Reference 5
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.
Observation b5bde674-a6ef-4386-807a-80c762eb8000 · outbound
The Dual-use Dilemma in LLMs: Do Empowering Ethical Capacities Make a Degraded Utility? Sparks of Artificial General Intelligence: Early experiments with GPT-4
Reference 6
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 686ab102-ac84-498d-b918-971d538ad5b9 · outbound
The Dual-use Dilemma in LLMs: Do Empowering Ethical Capacities Make a Degraded Utility? Sparks of agl: Experiments with an early version of gpt-4 (video avaliable at https://youtu.be/qbik7-jpb2c?si=rikkw4j8vs3e4ozq), 2023
Reference 7
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.
Observation 0fbd79f7-6ab9-4647-8eb6-bbc103783d9b · outbound
The Dual-use Dilemma in LLMs: Do Empowering Ethical Capacities Make a Degraded Utility? Evaluating the feasibility of chatgpt in healthcare: an analysis of multiple clinical and research scenarios
Reference 8
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.
Observation 2fc3da12-7998-4c2e-8c22-49d77d51b4f2 · outbound
The Dual-use Dilemma in LLMs: Do Empowering Ethical Capacities Make a Degraded Utility? Llm-assisted multi-teacher continual learning for visual question answering in robotic surgery
Reference 9
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.
Observation 27314e63-9984-4dbf-a23e-48e6b3ff6083 · outbound
The Dual-use Dilemma in LLMs: Do Empowering Ethical Capacities Make a Degraded Utility? Fine-tuning language models to mitigate gender bias in sentence encoders
Reference 10
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.
Observation 0bd8ac44-03a1-4510-b598-df2900a6e5e0 · outbound
The Dual-use Dilemma in LLMs: Do Empowering Ethical Capacities Make a Degraded Utility? Language models can learn complex molecular distributions
Reference 11
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.
Observation 346074fa-5c51-4487-86d6-d448cb553d44 · outbound
The Dual-use Dilemma in LLMs: Do Empowering Ethical Capacities Make a Degraded Utility? Frey, Ryan Soklaski, Simon Axelrod, Siddharth Samsi, Rafael G \' o mez - Bombarelli, Connor W
Reference 12
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.
Observation a384c29d-610b-40b0-99f2-72abd792498c · outbound
The Dual-use Dilemma in LLMs: Do Empowering Ethical Capacities Make a Degraded Utility? What can large language models do in chemistry? a comprehensive benchmark on eight tasks
Reference 13
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.
Observation cf252f5c-774b-4f23-a3bf-4980a3149ffb · outbound
The Dual-use Dilemma in LLMs: Do Empowering Ethical Capacities Make a Degraded Utility? DeepSeek-R1: Incentivizing Reasoning Capability in LLMs via Reinforcement Learning
Reference 14
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 14063615-14f1-47d5-a0b7-273fbd22d7e4 · outbound
The Dual-use Dilemma in LLMs: Do Empowering Ethical Capacities Make a Degraded Utility? The ethics of chatgpt in medicine and healthcare: a systematic review on large language models (llms)
Reference 15
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.
Observation b322990f-0685-4ec9-a54b-0bf01de3e008 · outbound
The Dual-use Dilemma in LLMs: Do Empowering Ethical Capacities Make a Degraded Utility? MathPrompter: Mathematical Reasoning using Large Language Models
Reference 16
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 63188df7-db0b-4454-a9aa-c4bff420261d · outbound
The Dual-use Dilemma in LLMs: Do Empowering Ethical Capacities Make a Degraded Utility? Chemformer: a pre-trained transformer for computational chemistry
Reference 17
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.
Observation ce1d7ab1-4b5b-4803-bcd5-37ae0ae556fb · outbound
The Dual-use Dilemma in LLMs: Do Empowering Ethical Capacities Make a Degraded Utility? Leveraging large language models for predictive chemistry
Reference 18
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.
Observation 671e1caf-8d56-4e79-be55-294c3593c68e · outbound
The Dual-use Dilemma in LLMs: Do Empowering Ethical Capacities Make a Degraded Utility? Knowledge Unlearning for Mitigating Privacy Risks in Language Models
Reference 19
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation e3d20a78-0db6-4dd8-9ca7-6d5d9a10fddc · outbound
The Dual-use Dilemma in LLMs: Do Empowering Ethical Capacities Make a Degraded Utility? Navigating LLM Ethics: Advancements, Challenges, and Future Directions
Reference 20
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation e141f438-7785-4714-b698-4b92805ebd1e · outbound
The Dual-use Dilemma in LLMs: Do Empowering Ethical Capacities Make a Degraded Utility? Pubchem 2019 update: improved access to chemical data
Reference 21
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.
Observation 955f30db-0b89-45a9-9cba-4cb4989f8dac · outbound
The Dual-use Dilemma in LLMs: Do Empowering Ethical Capacities Make a Degraded Utility? Generative chemical transformer: Neural machine learning of molecular geometric structures from chemical language via attention
Reference 22
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.
Observation 8244d076-71f3-494f-be23-2f6289bc0de3 · outbound
The Dual-use Dilemma in LLMs: Do Empowering Ethical Capacities Make a Degraded Utility? Ethical implications of large language models in content generation
Reference 23
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.
Observation 02459c4d-1e75-417e-a870-60a6145f887b · outbound
The Dual-use Dilemma in LLMs: Do Empowering Ethical Capacities Make a Degraded Utility? KoSBi: A Dataset for Mitigating Social Bias Risks Towards Safer Large Language Model Application
Reference 24
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 87a1caa9-b2e8-40d8-924a-017402eaeef5 · outbound
The Dual-use Dilemma in LLMs: Do Empowering Ethical Capacities Make a Degraded Utility? SALAD-Bench: A Hierarchical and Comprehensive Safety Benchmark for Large Language Models
Reference 25
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 86b629df-5507-4c81-8af3-09e6fdd91147 · outbound
The Dual-use Dilemma in LLMs: Do Empowering Ethical Capacities Make a Degraded Utility? Bran, Sam Cox, Oliver Schilter, Carlo Baldassari, Andrew D White, and Philippe Schwaller
Reference 26
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation d43ab991-551d-421a-ad50-22129af41ae2 · outbound
The Dual-use Dilemma in LLMs: Do Empowering Ethical Capacities Make a Degraded Utility? Direct preference optimization: Your language model is secretly a reward model
Reference 27
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.
Observation a0998e7f-cc92-4d62-80fc-56ef56694317 · outbound
The Dual-use Dilemma in LLMs: Do Empowering Ethical Capacities Make a Degraded Utility? Introducing ellips: An ethics-centered approach to research on llm-based inference of psychiatric conditions
Reference 28
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.
Observation d7740124-b0a3-43cf-a18a-6527eb78b1c4 · outbound
The Dual-use Dilemma in LLMs: Do Empowering Ethical Capacities Make a Degraded Utility? SafetyPrompts: a Systematic Review of Open Datasets for Evaluating and Improving Large Language Model Safety
Reference 29
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation b4db18bd-3d58-4a85-bb7b-46b4e5171ccd · outbound
The Dual-use Dilemma in LLMs: Do Empowering Ethical Capacities Make a Degraded Utility? Fine-Tuning Language Models for Ethical Ambiguity: A Comparative Study of Alignment with Human Responses
Reference 30
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.
Observation ec7cb5f9-a277-467d-8716-d628c58da279 · outbound
The Dual-use Dilemma in LLMs: Do Empowering Ethical Capacities Make a Degraded Utility? Enhancing Adversarial Attacks through Chain of Thought
Reference 31
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.
Observation 01d1af06-9d7d-44c8-86c7-d476a94db4f8 · outbound
The Dual-use Dilemma in LLMs: Do Empowering Ethical Capacities Make a Degraded Utility? Gemini: A Family of Highly Capable Multimodal Models
Reference 32
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation f6796b5a-c2c2-4b8b-b5cc-b4bd492fd50c · outbound
The Dual-use Dilemma in LLMs: Do Empowering Ethical Capacities Make a Degraded Utility? Language Models Get a Gender Makeover: Mitigating Gender Bias with Few-Shot Data Interventions
Reference 33
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.
Observation c6d129d8-d3ba-4733-aa9d-0bd49981eac2 · outbound
The Dual-use Dilemma in LLMs: Do Empowering Ethical Capacities Make a Degraded Utility? Large language models in medicine
Reference 34
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.
Observation d47051eb-3882-446c-82c2-5d44d7a96285 · outbound
The Dual-use Dilemma in LLMs: Do Empowering Ethical Capacities Make a Degraded Utility? Ethical implications of large language models a multidimensional exploration of societal, economic, and technical concerns
Reference 35
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.
Observation 297adb24-f90e-410f-9535-366c791ad6d1 · outbound
The Dual-use Dilemma in LLMs: Do Empowering Ethical Capacities Make a Degraded Utility? Exploring Safety-Utility Trade-Offs in Personalized Language Models
Reference 36
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 47ca021c-7010-4be7-af87-dd450c2808c3 · outbound
The Dual-use Dilemma in LLMs: Do Empowering Ethical Capacities Make a Degraded Utility? SMILES-BERT: large scale unsupervised pre-training for molecular property prediction
Reference 37
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.
Observation b1e39af5-f692-4db0-b3ed-e4d9f78fd29f · outbound
The Dual-use Dilemma in LLMs: Do Empowering Ethical Capacities Make a Degraded Utility? Ethical and social risks of harm from Language Models
Reference 38
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 08186119-edf9-45d3-9948-643112b84d56 · outbound
The Dual-use Dilemma in LLMs: Do Empowering Ethical Capacities Make a Degraded Utility? Assessment of chemistry knowledge in large language models that generate code
Reference 39
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.
Observation 2d88c8af-c8fa-4f93-ba9c-27f63068cc76 · outbound
The Dual-use Dilemma in LLMs: Do Empowering Ethical Capacities Make a Degraded Utility? SMILES-Prompting: A Novel Approach to LLM Jailbreak Attacks in Chemical Synthesis
Reference 40
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.
Observation 3f729d03-17dd-42b1-b629-ac4a4598d4bb · outbound
The Dual-use Dilemma in LLMs: Do Empowering Ethical Capacities Make a Degraded Utility? Preemptive Answer "Attacks" on Chain-of-Thought Reasoning
Reference 41
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation ff9d3c95-7a73-4d62-afee-7bfe427d47b1 · outbound
The Dual-use Dilemma in LLMs: Do Empowering Ethical Capacities Make a Degraded Utility? Practical and ethical challenges of large language models in education: A systematic scoping review
Reference 42
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.
Observation 87ce21cf-b56f-4cea-92c1-6cbf97a7b372 · outbound
The Dual-use Dilemma in LLMs: Do Empowering Ethical Capacities Make a Degraded Utility? Kwok, Zhenguo Li, Adrian Weller, and Weiyang Liu
Reference 43
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.
Observation 662bdd8f-9230-439a-8a93-9bda8a182b86 · outbound
The Dual-use Dilemma in LLMs: Do Empowering Ethical Capacities Make a Degraded Utility? SafetyBench: Evaluating the Safety of Large Language Models
Reference 44
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation ddd65a0f-5e1d-40ec-90cc-40d21d0cc049 · outbound
The Dual-use Dilemma in LLMs: Do Empowering Ethical Capacities Make a Degraded Utility? ChemLLM: A Chemical Large Language Model
Reference 45
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 4185627b-7924-4961-90fa-c33d25ee590b · outbound
The Dual-use Dilemma in LLMs: Do Empowering Ethical Capacities Make a Degraded Utility? ChemSafetyBench: Benchmarking LLM Safety on Chemistry Domain
Reference 46
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation ec062992-8b03-4c10-90ea-c9a5154a78ce · outbound
The Dual-use Dilemma in LLMs: Do Empowering Ethical Capacities Make a Degraded Utility? Safety and ethical concerns of large language models
Reference 47
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-10T06:31:04.303077+00:00.
Observation d645805e-bf09-4dc8-bdb5-376078ee9275 · outbound
The Dual-use Dilemma in LLMs: Do Empowering Ethical Capacities Make a Degraded Utility? "The teachers are confused as well": A Multiple-Stakeholder Ethics Discussion on Large Language Models in Computing Education
Reference 48
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 96fbccb5-f132-47a8-8acf-7c8d2cedcdb3 · outbound
The Dual-use Dilemma in LLMs: Do Empowering Ethical Capacities Make a Degraded Utility? write newline
Reference 49
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
No inbound Pith citation observations are available.