Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Certified Robustness to Adversarial Word Substitutions

As of 22 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 32 of 32 outbound references and 3 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:1909.00986.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
1909.00986 v1

Coverage vector

measured 32 of 32 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-14T05:36:26.001699Z

measured 35 of 35 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00

measured 3 of 3 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-10T23:23:25.421971Z

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: pith, observed 2026-08-06T23:01:43.237226Z

Reference resolution

32 of 32 outbound references displayed

verified exact0
verified fuzzy19
unresolved13
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier0
metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation d06d6564-8f34-44a2-a1bd-564786a7d853 · outbound

This paper cites URL: " 'urlintro :=.

Certified Robustness to Adversarial Word Substitutions URL: " 'urlintro :=

Reference 1

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T05:36:25.875320Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation df4757f5-1e52-4b12-8d40-973685bac435 · outbound

This paper cites write newline.

Certified Robustness to Adversarial Word Substitutions write newline

Reference 2

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T05:36:25.880330Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation b3d24c49-e964-4d92-8c4b-e8a499992107 · outbound

This paper cites Alzantot, Y.

Certified Robustness to Adversarial Word Substitutions Alzantot, Y

Reference 3

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T05:36:26.329549Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation cd3cfd0f-3710-4751-b04e-a202cb54bdbb · outbound

This paper cites Obfuscated Gradients Give a False Sense of Security: Circumventing Defenses to Adversarial Examples.

Certified Robustness to Adversarial Word Substitutions Obfuscated Gradients Give a False Sense of Security: Circumventing Defenses to Adversarial Examples

Reference 4

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T05:36:25.889238Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 9d7518d2-2416-460e-a46f-a0a8190ac51a · outbound

This paper cites Bahdanau, K.

Certified Robustness to Adversarial Word Substitutions Bahdanau, K

Reference 5

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T05:36:26.320137Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation bf9710ff-fc81-4d77-bc89-fa080618480e · outbound

This paper cites Synthetic and Natural Noise Both Break Neural Machine Translation.

Certified Robustness to Adversarial Word Substitutions Synthetic and Natural Noise Both Break Neural Machine Translation

Reference 6

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T05:36:25.897533Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 8afeea0d-a7a6-462a-9ced-8b11215f1468 · outbound

This paper cites Bowman, G.

Certified Robustness to Adversarial Word Substitutions Bowman, G

Reference 7

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T05:36:26.309757Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation 99b8164a-e52e-4397-8e9e-7fddaef50ec2 · outbound

This paper cites One Billion Word Benchmark for Measuring Progress in Statistical Language Modeling.

Certified Robustness to Adversarial Word Substitutions One Billion Word Benchmark for Measuring Progress in Statistical Language Modeling

Reference 8

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T05:36:25.905879Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 3d3ed692-889e-49f4-a0ed-e8353d73815a · outbound

This paper cites Dalvi, P.

Certified Robustness to Adversarial Word Substitutions Dalvi, P

Reference 9

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T05:36:26.300850Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation c13b151e-b844-4709-b8a9-3ac55dccb337 · outbound

This paper cites Training verified learners with learned verifiers.

Certified Robustness to Adversarial Word Substitutions Training verified learners with learned verifiers

Reference 10

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T05:36:25.913968Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 97152de2-fcd9-43ad-81c2-71401546f025 · outbound

This paper cites HotFlip: White-Box Adversarial Examples for Text Classification.

Certified Robustness to Adversarial Word Substitutions HotFlip: White-Box Adversarial Examples for Text Classification

Reference 11

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T05:36:25.918140Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 00fd14dc-fd43-4f1e-a7e9-c15ae2898a20 · outbound

This paper cites Globerson and S.

Certified Robustness to Adversarial Word Substitutions Globerson and S

Reference 12

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T05:36:26.291446Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation 74a88990-7399-422d-9aa4-6dd5abe35b08 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Certified Robustness to Adversarial Word Substitutions Unresolved cited work

Reference 13

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T05:36:26.282538Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation 82a4ea60-6d72-4fc4-ac95-bd2b623030d0 · outbound

This paper cites On the Effectiveness of Interval Bound Propagation for Training Verifiably Robust Models.

Certified Robustness to Adversarial Word Substitutions On the Effectiveness of Interval Bound Propagation for Training Verifiably Robust Models

Reference 14

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T05:36:25.930657Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 301ed92f-5a5b-4cea-8ed6-87b4bea5fcb4 · outbound

This paper cites Hochreiter and J.

Certified Robustness to Adversarial Word Substitutions Hochreiter and J

Reference 15

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T05:36:26.273022Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation cc99d71e-1089-43ed-94c7-1d6eb9cb9520 · outbound

This paper cites Iyyer, J.

Certified Robustness to Adversarial Word Substitutions Iyyer, J

Reference 16

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T05:36:26.263716Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation 646c5e00-0552-4da0-8c21-dbed6c41fa45 · outbound

This paper cites Jia and P.

Certified Robustness to Adversarial Word Substitutions Jia and P

Reference 17

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T05:36:26.254910Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation 7a448765-7493-4234-bee8-ca2662a57ae2 · outbound

This paper cites Adam: A Method for Stochastic Optimization.

Certified Robustness to Adversarial Word Substitutions Adam: A Method for Stochastic Optimization

Reference 18

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T05:36:25.946767Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation aa693a05-0dfa-4dc7-aa0f-0e3884b835bb · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Certified Robustness to Adversarial Word Substitutions Unresolved cited work

Reference 19

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T05:36:26.245833Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation 48e3d691-8a2b-4c86-a7b8-934dfd1c234a · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Certified Robustness to Adversarial Word Substitutions Unresolved cited work

Reference 20

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T05:36:26.235615Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation 7b211b6d-d400-4ae6-a3d7-659b2ada629e · outbound

This paper cites Madry, A.

Certified Robustness to Adversarial Word Substitutions Madry, A

Reference 21

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T05:36:26.226278Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation 095e931e-353b-4e10-bef6-a8612c030774 · outbound

This paper cites Madry, A.

Certified Robustness to Adversarial Word Substitutions Madry, A

Reference 22

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T05:36:26.216013Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation b487fcd2-b966-4f26-a9f6-ff8937a77925 · outbound

This paper cites Michel, X.

Certified Robustness to Adversarial Word Substitutions Michel, X

Reference 23

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T05:36:26.205708Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation ed42d8a2-e05c-4479-a6a6-097403039e50 · outbound

This paper cites Mrk s i\' c , D.

Certified Robustness to Adversarial Word Substitutions Mrk s i\' c , D

Reference 24

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T05:36:26.195417Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation 3fc9e7fe-8878-4bd0-a3ce-cea7aa1aedf4 · outbound

This paper cites a ckstr\.

Certified Robustness to Adversarial Word Substitutions a ckstr\

Reference 25

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T05:36:26.184658Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation d8cef2d8-4cbf-4fbf-b855-14425e249fa1 · outbound

This paper cites Pennington, R.

Certified Robustness to Adversarial Word Substitutions Pennington, R

Reference 26

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T05:36:26.174027Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation 0636aacc-646c-4cf4-a95f-fb22cc1f1db3 · outbound

This paper cites Pruthi, B.

Certified Robustness to Adversarial Word Substitutions Pruthi, B

Reference 27

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T05:36:26.162868Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation 8748a887-7668-41ab-9075-964c4e59474b · outbound

This paper cites Raghunathan, J.

Certified Robustness to Adversarial Word Substitutions Raghunathan, J

Reference 28

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T05:36:26.151296Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation 382ccccf-0e91-45dd-9363-2ffb92e282c3 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Certified Robustness to Adversarial Word Substitutions Unresolved cited work

Reference 29

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T05:36:26.140084Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation 25c56ed3-e281-479c-880e-77da79e66464 · outbound

This paper cites Szegedy, W.

Certified Robustness to Adversarial Word Substitutions Szegedy, W

Reference 30

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T05:36:26.128746Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation c44a96e6-b3a3-4e09-b95d-396f21aee77d · outbound

This paper cites Wong and J.

Certified Robustness to Adversarial Word Substitutions Wong and J

Reference 31

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T05:36:26.118164Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation d84b4780-9073-46fb-81aa-7c2e34ef2c08 · outbound

This paper cites Zhang, Y.

Certified Robustness to Adversarial Word Substitutions Zhang, Y

Reference 32

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T05:36:26.106425Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Pith citing papers

Observation fefae579-4b23-47b3-92fa-1ae7b90fab84 · inbound

Counterfactual Samples Constructing and Training for Commonsense Statements Estimation cites this paper.

Counterfactual Samples Constructing and Training for Commonsense Statements Estimation Certified Robustness to Adversarial Word Substitutions

Reference 20

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T23:23:25.421971Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation cc8bad2a-cb6d-4688-bebc-880a7f061000 · inbound

Unsupervised dense retrieval with conterfactual contrastive learning cites this paper.

Unsupervised dense retrieval with conterfactual contrastive learning Certified Robustness to Adversarial Word Substitutions

Reference 15

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T23:18:14.363222Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation aa452f33-0761-4f14-9a6a-954fba6fd073 · inbound

Report on NSF Workshop on Science of Safe AI cites this paper.

Report on NSF Workshop on Science of Safe AI Certified Robustness to Adversarial Word Substitutions

Reference 8

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-06T23:01:43.241354Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.