Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Automatic Speech Recognition of African American English: Lexical and Contextual Effects

As of 22 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 37 of 37 outbound references and 1 inbound Pith citation observation for arXiv:2506.06888.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2506.06888 v2

Coverage vector

measured 37 of 37 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-07T05:50:59.626064Z

measured 38 of 38 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00

measured 1 of 1 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-07T05:50:59.462567Z

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: pith, observed 2026-08-07T05:50:59.660467Z

Reference resolution

37 of 37 outbound references displayed

verified exact2
verified fuzzy31
unresolved4
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier0
metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation 126ab38c-21be-4f59-9618-2004e2c9f755 · outbound

This paper cites Automatic Speech Recognition of African American English: Lexical and Contextual Effects.

Automatic Speech Recognition of African American English: Lexical and Contextual Effects Automatic Speech Recognition of African American English: Lexical and Contextual Effects

Reference 1

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-07T05:50:59.667436Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation ee1a9405-57b1-4b52-a6bf-40344ceda2f0 · outbound

This paper cites accept” was represented as both “AH0 K S EH1 P T.

Automatic Speech Recognition of African American English: Lexical and Contextual Effects accept” was represented as both “AH0 K S EH1 P T

Reference 2

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-07T05:51:00.174364Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation 11828252-2bbf-4e25-9eed-4a0230c1c1b7 · outbound

This paper cites Original Pronunciation.

Automatic Speech Recognition of African American English: Lexical and Contextual Effects Original Pronunciation

Reference 3

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T05:51:00.159920Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation 1d3cd13d-54fe-4481-8585-d6f3322bbf85 · outbound

This paper cites The consistent positive effect of MFA Status across datasets indicates that AAE features signif- icantly influence ASR misrecognition.

Automatic Speech Recognition of African American English: Lexical and Contextual Effects The consistent positive effect of MFA Status across datasets indicates that AAE features signif- icantly influence ASR misrecognition

Reference 4

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T05:51:00.146310Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation 60a38762-2626-43a4-840f-3f6a39e086b4 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Automatic Speech Recognition of African American English: Lexical and Contextual Effects Unresolved cited work

Reference 5

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T05:51:00.131874Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation 5dc4d20a-eef5-4274-9e4b-3439c8798628 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Automatic Speech Recognition of African American English: Lexical and Contextual Effects Unresolved cited work

Reference 6

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T05:51:00.118666Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation 25b7e1cc-9e0e-4c78-a8c2-2f0b2044a766 · outbound

This paper cites Racial disparities in automated speech recognition,.

Automatic Speech Recognition of African American English: Lexical and Contextual Effects Racial disparities in automated speech recognition,

Reference 7

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T05:51:00.105462Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation 80a790b6-0629-4ae8-99c3-27837491d51d · outbound

This paper cites Understanding racial disparities in au- tomatic speech recognition: The case of habitual “be.

Automatic Speech Recognition of African American English: Lexical and Contextual Effects Understanding racial disparities in au- tomatic speech recognition: The case of habitual “be

Reference 8

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T05:51:00.092350Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation e7216990-0577-4815-98bc-038e88202de5 · outbound

This paper cites Uneven suc- cess: automatic speech recognition and ethnicity-related dialects,.

Automatic Speech Recognition of African American English: Lexical and Contextual Effects Uneven suc- cess: automatic speech recognition and ethnicity-related dialects,

Reference 9

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T05:51:00.078572Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation 06006bb6-ceb0-4bc4-a5e2-80e950a037e2 · outbound

This paper cites Segmental phonology of African American English,.

Automatic Speech Recognition of African American English: Lexical and Contextual Effects Segmental phonology of African American English,

Reference 10

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T05:51:00.064975Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation dfe9f552-1027-4b68-ac92-c74d7e6b0ec3 · outbound

This paper cites A comparative analysis of consonant clusters in En- glish and in Slovak,.

Automatic Speech Recognition of African American English: Lexical and Contextual Effects A comparative analysis of consonant clusters in En- glish and in Slovak,

Reference 11

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T05:51:00.051297Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation 8c7ff7b2-3ce1-4130-ae34-6e8f400331f9 · outbound

This paper cites Considering performance in the au- tomated and manual coding of sociolinguistic variables: Lessons from variable (ING),.

Automatic Speech Recognition of African American English: Lexical and Contextual Effects Considering performance in the au- tomated and manual coding of sociolinguistic variables: Lessons from variable (ING),

Reference 12

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T05:51:00.037346Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation 295df106-3be7-447a-aea8-d71441714641 · outbound

This paper cites Recognizing spoken words: The neighborhood activation model,.

Automatic Speech Recognition of African American English: Lexical and Contextual Effects Recognizing spoken words: The neighborhood activation model,

Reference 13

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T05:51:00.023401Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation cfeae90d-700c-4a8d-abc0-d8bc176405b4 · outbound

This paper cites Revisiting word neighborhoods for speech recognition,.

Automatic Speech Recognition of African American English: Lexical and Contextual Effects Revisiting word neighborhoods for speech recognition,

Reference 14

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T05:51:00.008831Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation a2f1a8f6-0135-4de0-b762-5a6deb536cc2 · outbound

This paper cites Which words are hard to recognize? prosodic, lexical, and disfluency factors that increase speech recognition error rates,.

Automatic Speech Recognition of African American English: Lexical and Contextual Effects Which words are hard to recognize? prosodic, lexical, and disfluency factors that increase speech recognition error rates,

Reference 15

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T05:50:59.992338Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation 102d4b8a-709a-4bfb-ab2d-614c7c45a275 · outbound

This paper cites Clearpond: Cross-linguistic easy-access resource for phonological and ortho- graphic neighborhood densities,.

Automatic Speech Recognition of African American English: Lexical and Contextual Effects Clearpond: Cross-linguistic easy-access resource for phonological and ortho- graphic neighborhood densities,

Reference 16

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T05:50:59.977798Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation 44969ce3-af6c-47a1-8278-0f8a4c817798 · outbound

This paper cites Contextualized end-to-end speech recognition with contextual phrase prediction network,.

Automatic Speech Recognition of African American English: Lexical and Contextual Effects Contextualized end-to-end speech recognition with contextual phrase prediction network,

Reference 17

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T05:50:59.962000Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation f3af3566-9c87-40fa-a4d9-0f1553780303 · outbound

This paper cites Improving speech recogni- tion with prompt-based contextualized ASR and LLM-based re- predictor,.

Automatic Speech Recognition of African American English: Lexical and Contextual Effects Improving speech recogni- tion with prompt-based contextualized ASR and LLM-based re- predictor,

Reference 18

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T05:50:59.947383Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation d14d2768-0421-4f4b-a7aa-24ff83f5c83e · outbound

This paper cites Improving contextual recognition of rare words with an alternate spelling prediction model,.

Automatic Speech Recognition of African American English: Lexical and Contextual Effects Improving contextual recognition of rare words with an alternate spelling prediction model,

Reference 19

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T05:50:59.933011Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation 08d17f9d-7de3-4d05-9e9b-efa4ed4e1c1d · outbound

This paper cites Lost in the middle: How language mod- els use long contexts,.

Automatic Speech Recognition of African American English: Lexical and Contextual Effects Lost in the middle: How language mod- els use long contexts,

Reference 20

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T05:50:59.552892Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 42d59e00-f9a0-484f-9b0d-95f69ea9c377 · outbound

This paper cites Assessing the importance of several acoustic properties to the perception of spontaneous speech,.

Automatic Speech Recognition of African American English: Lexical and Contextual Effects Assessing the importance of several acoustic properties to the perception of spontaneous speech,

Reference 21

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T05:50:59.910094Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation 9d244029-2002-4e66-87f1-ab2956a244ec · outbound

This paper cites Contextualized speech recognition: Rethinking second-pass rescoring with generative large language models,.

Automatic Speech Recognition of African American English: Lexical and Contextual Effects Contextualized speech recognition: Rethinking second-pass rescoring with generative large language models,

Reference 22

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T05:50:59.894408Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation 1ebeefcb-0a02-4d1c-bea1-49f70f6b82ea · outbound

This paper cites The Corpus of Regional African American Language,.

Automatic Speech Recognition of African American English: Lexical and Contextual Effects The Corpus of Regional African American Language,

Reference 23

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T05:50:59.879616Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation a5ad3fd2-25ef-48c3-ad64-e23110ada9ca · outbound

This paper cites Montreal Forced Aligner: Trainable Text-Speech Alignment Using Kaldi,.

Automatic Speech Recognition of African American English: Lexical and Contextual Effects Montreal Forced Aligner: Trainable Text-Speech Alignment Using Kaldi,

Reference 24

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T05:50:59.864904Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation 1d049e64-f5ed-4e47-a466-1177faf2675c · outbound

This paper cites wav2vec 2.0: a framework for self-supervised learning of speech representa- tions,.

Automatic Speech Recognition of African American English: Lexical and Contextual Effects wav2vec 2.0: a framework for self-supervised learning of speech representa- tions,

Reference 25

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T05:50:59.573839Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 16ec38db-2c4a-46f0-9c27-f588e3a92e74 · outbound

This paper cites KenLM: Faster and smaller language model queries,.

Automatic Speech Recognition of African American English: Lexical and Contextual Effects KenLM: Faster and smaller language model queries,

Reference 26

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T05:50:59.840202Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation 2ce9a9ec-38e3-4f47-9d39-de00fde0c20a · outbound

This paper cites Neighbourhoods of words in the mental lexicon,.

Automatic Speech Recognition of African American English: Lexical and Contextual Effects Neighbourhoods of words in the mental lexicon,

Reference 27

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T05:50:59.826413Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation 1d1f2599-ac1a-4d35-b5a2-d5c547a92bf5 · outbound

This paper cites Binary codes capable of correcting deletions, insertions, and reversals,.

Automatic Speech Recognition of African American English: Lexical and Contextual Effects Binary codes capable of correcting deletions, insertions, and reversals,

Reference 28

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T05:50:59.813059Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation ca5b0c6d-6fab-4fd1-83be-a65a2dfd0914 · outbound

This paper cites [Online].

Automatic Speech Recognition of African American English: Lexical and Contextual Effects [Online]

Reference 29

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T05:50:59.798359Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation 2be22cb2-c293-423e-9139-262e43daa5e0 · outbound

This paper cites An analysis of large language models for African American English speaking children’s oral language assessment,.

Automatic Speech Recognition of African American English: Lexical and Contextual Effects An analysis of large language models for African American English speaking children’s oral language assessment,

Reference 30

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T05:50:59.784737Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation 4eea6d66-50c9-4f97-89c6-e0259da475f6 · outbound

This paper cites Self-supervised speech representations still struggle with African American Vernacular English,.

Automatic Speech Recognition of African American English: Lexical and Contextual Effects Self-supervised speech representations still struggle with African American Vernacular English,

Reference 31

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T05:50:59.770989Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation 9195c30a-7918-4957-8bc1-8b1ba0e461e0 · outbound

This paper cites Transfer learning from adult to children for speech recognition: Evaluation, analysis and recommendations,.

Automatic Speech Recognition of African American English: Lexical and Contextual Effects Transfer learning from adult to children for speech recognition: Evaluation, analysis and recommendations,

Reference 32

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T05:50:59.756165Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation 3954994d-e7e8-4ac8-9ca7-1bd62299142e · outbound

This paper cites Preprocessing for elderly speech recognition of smart devices,.

Automatic Speech Recognition of African American English: Lexical and Contextual Effects Preprocessing for elderly speech recognition of smart devices,

Reference 33

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T05:50:59.740922Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation d71b4c2d-a5e5-4d30-834c-77a593906d69 · outbound

This paper cites Effects of talker dialect, gender and race on accuracy of Bing Speech and YouTube automatic cap- tions,.

Automatic Speech Recognition of African American English: Lexical and Contextual Effects Effects of talker dialect, gender and race on accuracy of Bing Speech and YouTube automatic cap- tions,

Reference 34

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T05:50:59.727098Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation 8735beeb-e967-4f70-acba-f04366f067bc · outbound

This paper cites Modeling gender and dialect bias in automatic speech recognition,.

Automatic Speech Recognition of African American English: Lexical and Contextual Effects Modeling gender and dialect bias in automatic speech recognition,

Reference 35

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T05:50:59.712256Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation 0b91cb2b-ab71-41a6-8718-27824a056419 · outbound

This paper cites Towards end-to-end speech recognition with recurrent neural networks,.

Automatic Speech Recognition of African American English: Lexical and Contextual Effects Towards end-to-end speech recognition with recurrent neural networks,

Reference 36

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T05:50:59.697737Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation 35bf089d-42ce-47f2-afa2-c33c53eec1c3 · outbound

This paper cites Analysis of LLM as a grammatical feature tagger for African American English,.

Automatic Speech Recognition of African American English: Lexical and Contextual Effects Analysis of LLM as a grammatical feature tagger for African American English,

Reference 37

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T05:50:59.683092Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Pith citing papers

Observation 126ab38c-21be-4f59-9618-2004e2c9f755 · inbound