Problematic nature of plasmoid theory of magnetic reconnection

Plasmoid theory uses two-coordinate models to explain fast magnetic reconnection, which occurs on an Alfv\'enic, not a resistive time scale, in plasmas that are evolving in the near-ideal limit. The primary application has been to three-dimensional naturally-occurring plasmas. A magnetic field representation that applies to all magnetic fields allows features of magnetic evolution in toroidal and natural plasmas to be compared. This comparison illustrates why plasmoid models of magnetic field evolution are not robust solutions to Maxwell's equations. Despite five-hundred papers on plasmoid models, they provide a problematic description of fast magnetic reconnection.