Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-10T14:26:25.962597Z
Paper Citation Record · LEDGER
Scaling of hardware-compatible perturbative training algorithms
As of 21 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 52 of 52 outbound references and 0 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2501.15403.
A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.
Coverage vector
One-hop event checks from named stored sources.
Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00
Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links
A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.
Source: cited_works
Reference resolution
52 of 52 outbound references displayed
- verified exact1
- verified fuzzy26
- unresolved25
- parse uncertain0
- malformed identifier0
- metadata mismatch0
External citation measurements
No source-named external measurement is stored.
Outbound references
Observation 788d188f-1db3-4ca6-8fc8-970f4989ff9a · outbound
This paper cites & Fitch, A.
Scaling of hardware-compatible perturbative training algorithms & Fitch, A
Reference 1
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T14:26:26.555272Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.
Observation d010a68c-6f01-4516-a8fa-c9d13e55e046 · outbound
This paper cites The Forward-Forward Algorithm: Some Preliminary Investigations.
Scaling of hardware-compatible perturbative training algorithms The Forward-Forward Algorithm: Some Preliminary Investigations
Reference 2
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T14:26:25.798193Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 1f7c5ba6-36cf-4597-a217-9ea8a92f7e80 · outbound
This paper cites P., Santoro, A., Marris, L., Akerman, C.
Scaling of hardware-compatible perturbative training algorithms P., Santoro, A., Marris, L., Akerman, C
Reference 3
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T14:26:26.545947Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.
Observation 923a423b-5218-4713-9cea-4fc6ad7485a3 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
Scaling of hardware-compatible perturbative training algorithms Unresolved cited work
Reference 4
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T14:26:26.537140Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.
Observation 870d5b29-7bb5-4830-9a6d-6a3ad515bb24 · outbound
This paper cites Science 380, 398–404.
Scaling of hardware-compatible perturbative training algorithms Science 380, 398–404
Reference 5
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T14:26:26.528293Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.
Observation ee50ff5f-8f06-4deb-88ac-3d02b4dd76b3 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
Scaling of hardware-compatible perturbative training algorithms Unresolved cited work
Reference 6
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T14:26:26.520064Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.
Observation a9f8fb05-1e80-472f-98f8-35decbf9b21a · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
Scaling of hardware-compatible perturbative training algorithms Unresolved cited work
Reference 7
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T14:26:26.510730Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.
Observation 76821d90-ba6a-481f-b395-96c1dd2dce80 · outbound
This paper cites Nature Communications 2023 14:1 14, 1–18.
Scaling of hardware-compatible perturbative training algorithms Nature Communications 2023 14:1 14, 1–18
Reference 8
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T14:26:26.500910Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.
Observation f3d88631-074b-4064-9c35-15ba6415be44 · outbound
This paper cites & McCaughan, A.
Scaling of hardware-compatible perturbative training algorithms & McCaughan, A
Reference 9
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T14:26:26.492018Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.
Observation 7260fc34-2651-4b23-80bc-d974290bafb6 · outbound
This paper cites https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.ado8999 (28 July 2024).
Scaling of hardware-compatible perturbative training algorithms https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.ado8999 (28 July 2024)
Reference 10
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T14:26:25.818530Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation db4e7abd-f0f7-4a2a-8f33-a7e735bd6972 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
Scaling of hardware-compatible perturbative training algorithms Unresolved cited work
Reference 11
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T14:26:26.483758Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.
Observation 89f42011-68c4-48e0-b4ee-f98aa6b08b66 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
Scaling of hardware-compatible perturbative training algorithms Unresolved cited work
Reference 12
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T14:26:26.475461Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.
Observation 2396ed02-007a-4e92-8448-86ca05709062 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
Scaling of hardware-compatible perturbative training algorithms Unresolved cited work
Reference 13
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T14:26:26.466830Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.
Observation 0291fed0-45ee-4476-ae18-1c95f9ea2892 · outbound
This paper cites Frontiers in Neural Circuits 0, 53.
Scaling of hardware-compatible perturbative training algorithms Frontiers in Neural Circuits 0, 53
Reference 14
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T14:26:26.457010Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.
Observation 703e0733-6dbf-416d-b439-1c664a4e7b69 · outbound
This paper cites & Kailath, T.
Scaling of hardware-compatible perturbative training algorithms & Kailath, T
Reference 15
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T14:26:26.448038Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.
Observation a5b44ae2-306d-48f6-8caa-10508e901c22 · outbound
This paper cites & Koga, M.
Scaling of hardware-compatible perturbative training algorithms & Koga, M
Reference 16
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T14:26:26.439302Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.
Observation 31a38e50-6c31-4fb3-b71b-b6c4c9dfac40 · outbound
This paper cites A Fast Stochastic Error-Descent Algorithm for Supervised Learning and Optimization in Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 5 (NIPS 1992) (1992), 244–251.
Scaling of hardware-compatible perturbative training algorithms A Fast Stochastic Error-Descent Algorithm for Supervised Learning and Optimization in Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 5 (NIPS 1992) (1992), 244–251
Reference 17
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T14:26:26.430405Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.
Observation f50d2042-d700-479b-b746-03755a43706e · outbound
This paper cites & Jabri, M.
Scaling of hardware-compatible perturbative training algorithms & Jabri, M
Reference 18
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T14:26:26.421069Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.
Observation 14c2d703-6469-4a4e-9b6f-f30276686707 · outbound
This paper cites Alspector, R.
Scaling of hardware-compatible perturbative training algorithms Alspector, R
Reference 19
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T14:26:26.411959Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.
Observation 76228c3b-6898-4a99-8c73-8e7233c65ec7 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
Scaling of hardware-compatible perturbative training algorithms Unresolved cited work
Reference 20
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T14:26:26.403300Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.
Observation 4e9ceff3-839b-44d2-aa6c-7af36f1ff8f9 · outbound
This paper cites & Kanata, Y.
Scaling of hardware-compatible perturbative training algorithms & Kanata, Y
Reference 21
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T14:26:26.394547Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.
Observation 042b7664-594b-40f4-b9d5-36e7d6f99e1a · outbound
This paper cites An analog VLSI recurrent neural network learning a continuous-time trajectory.
Scaling of hardware-compatible perturbative training algorithms An analog VLSI recurrent neural network learning a continuous-time trajectory
Reference 22
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T14:26:26.385338Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.
Observation 96e736e3-0e2f-481a-aef8-b22d5dbe6c50 · outbound
This paper cites & Fiesler, E.
Scaling of hardware-compatible perturbative training algorithms & Fiesler, E
Reference 23
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T14:26:26.376121Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.
Observation 17265be3-78ec-4f75-a8df-31813b206ac3 · outbound
This paper cites J., Gyurcsik, R.
Scaling of hardware-compatible perturbative training algorithms J., Gyurcsik, R
Reference 24
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T14:26:26.366718Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.
Observation b276c8c9-71d7-427f-b81f-4ca22c5705d7 · outbound
This paper cites & Matsumoto, T.
Scaling of hardware-compatible perturbative training algorithms & Matsumoto, T
Reference 25
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T14:26:26.356882Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.
Observation 26f91214-3488-4a09-b138-6e5fff5ee1e8 · outbound
This paper cites Neural Networks in Analog Hardware - Design and Implementation Issues.
Scaling of hardware-compatible perturbative training algorithms Neural Networks in Analog Hardware - Design and Implementation Issues
Reference 26
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T14:26:26.347614Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.
Observation 3957f906-7d82-47ef-8adb-ad17072c507a · outbound
This paper cites Analog VLSI Autonomous Systems for Learning and Optimization PhD thesis (Caltech, 1994).
Scaling of hardware-compatible perturbative training algorithms Analog VLSI Autonomous Systems for Learning and Optimization PhD thesis (Caltech, 1994)
Reference 27
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T14:26:26.337993Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.
Observation 6a4782a1-d926-497d-b05f-16b7153649aa · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
Scaling of hardware-compatible perturbative training algorithms Unresolved cited work
Reference 28
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T14:26:25.885229Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 8d100268-1d1f-4f73-a6ac-9ce38e4af91a · outbound
This paper cites Node Perturbation Can Effectively Train Multi-Layer Neural Networks.
Scaling of hardware-compatible perturbative training algorithms Node Perturbation Can Effectively Train Multi-Layer Neural Networks
Reference 29
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T14:26:25.888258Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 6ee81e4e-4fd0-43df-b402-61312782fb8d · outbound
This paper cites Scaling Forward Gradient With Local Losses.
Scaling of hardware-compatible perturbative training algorithms Scaling Forward Gradient With Local Losses
Reference 30
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T14:26:25.891741Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation ffe2364f-0059-4222-98b6-3b8fd3eb18ff · outbound
This paper cites Tensor-Compressed Back-Propagation-Free Training for (Physics-Informed) Neural Networks.
Scaling of hardware-compatible perturbative training algorithms Tensor-Compressed Back-Propagation-Free Training for (Physics-Informed) Neural Networks
Reference 31
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T14:26:25.895044Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 1c985b14-056e-4358-969b-f321ea7a87b6 · outbound
This paper cites Single chip photonic deep neural network with accelerated training.
Scaling of hardware-compatible perturbative training algorithms Single chip photonic deep neural network with accelerated training
Reference 32
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T14:26:25.898595Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 8532de4d-8089-4727-adaf-9ea43f4ec8ea · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
Scaling of hardware-compatible perturbative training algorithms Unresolved cited work
Reference 33
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T14:26:26.328295Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.
Observation 440c4199-daf8-451e-91ad-09d805931ce6 · outbound
This paper cites P., Cownden, D., Tweed, D.
Scaling of hardware-compatible perturbative training algorithms P., Cownden, D., Tweed, D
Reference 34
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T14:26:26.318746Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.
Observation e5adbaea-ca13-4b52-8c58-63ab3ed73454 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
Scaling of hardware-compatible perturbative training algorithms Unresolved cited work
Reference 35
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T14:26:25.908364Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 8a5fada7-39ce-404f-b59b-7278e3610a31 · outbound
This paper cites & Memmesheimer, R.
Scaling of hardware-compatible perturbative training algorithms & Memmesheimer, R
Reference 36
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T14:26:26.211803Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.
Observation 4ad7988e-fafc-4ffe-ae54-1280fd154243 · outbound
This paper cites Adam: A Method for Stochastic Optimization.
Scaling of hardware-compatible perturbative training algorithms Adam: A Method for Stochastic Optimization
Reference 37
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T14:26:25.914564Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 276245be-c4e4-42a0-9e16-9f8ea47dcdc7 · outbound
This paper cites & Hinton, G.
Scaling of hardware-compatible perturbative training algorithms & Hinton, G
Reference 38
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T14:26:26.202970Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.
Observation f2e053ff-091b-4a95-aa06-fcc37d743780 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
Scaling of hardware-compatible perturbative training algorithms Unresolved cited work
Reference 39
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T14:26:26.192549Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.
Observation 211ce802-bf91-46b2-81b0-1ed7a8ffd687 · outbound
This paper cites B., Zhu, Q.
Scaling of hardware-compatible perturbative training algorithms B., Zhu, Q
Reference 40
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T14:26:26.182373Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.
Observation d54cfc81-36f7-4b90-9e5b-58fa8a3390af · outbound
This paper cites How we created neuromorphic engineering.
Scaling of hardware-compatible perturbative training algorithms How we created neuromorphic engineering
Reference 41
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T14:26:26.171804Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.
Observation 89a1a2e1-e990-4eb8-a549-76fafdf1fceb · outbound
This paper cites P., Kim, H., Budhathoki, R.
Scaling of hardware-compatible perturbative training algorithms P., Kim, H., Budhathoki, R
Reference 42
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T14:26:26.161391Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.
Observation b0858c63-e040-4be3-8eae-4ac51538838d · outbound
This paper cites & Yao, W.
Scaling of hardware-compatible perturbative training algorithms & Yao, W
Reference 43
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T14:26:26.150587Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.
Observation c08c96af-d8df-48b2-b0c2-26120cff958a · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
Scaling of hardware-compatible perturbative training algorithms Unresolved cited work
Reference 44
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T14:26:26.140331Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.
Observation fc7c5287-c3b7-4e19-8501-7bedb10837d2 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
Scaling of hardware-compatible perturbative training algorithms Unresolved cited work
Reference 45
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T14:26:25.940272Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 8c4a306c-5299-4e25-8245-396862b89905 · outbound
This paper cites & Seung, H.
Scaling of hardware-compatible perturbative training algorithms & Seung, H
Reference 46
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T14:26:26.130923Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.
Observation 2186c05b-c03f-4918-8e7c-4e6b7937f0a4 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
Scaling of hardware-compatible perturbative training algorithms Unresolved cited work
Reference 47
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T14:26:26.121461Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.
Observation 2ba89773-aaff-4db9-98eb-0bb241d464ba · outbound
This paper cites Online Pseudo-Zeroth-Order Training of Neuromorphic Spiking Neural Networks.
Scaling of hardware-compatible perturbative training algorithms Online Pseudo-Zeroth-Order Training of Neuromorphic Spiking Neural Networks
Reference 48
- Resolution
- verified exact
- local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-10T14:26:26.046378Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.
Observation 76ed7de7-314d-4c3d-8b8e-f4afa5c30b95 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
Scaling of hardware-compatible perturbative training algorithms Unresolved cited work
Reference 49
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T14:26:26.111732Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.
Observation 70e296b1-838a-4e7d-a420-a109fb1b3255 · outbound
This paper cites Fine-Tuning Language Models with Just Forward Passes.
Scaling of hardware-compatible perturbative training algorithms Fine-Tuning Language Models with Just Forward Passes
Reference 50
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T14:26:25.955777Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 68b40dc8-cfa9-44f4-82a0-b14ea6a8f9a3 · outbound
This paper cites DeepZero: Scaling up Zeroth-Order Optimization for Deep Model Training.
Scaling of hardware-compatible perturbative training algorithms DeepZero: Scaling up Zeroth-Order Optimization for Deep Model Training
Reference 51
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T14:26:25.959322Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 812a9399-e183-469c-a2d7-fef86edc55de · outbound
This paper cites Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning for Large Models: A Comprehensive Survey.
Scaling of hardware-compatible perturbative training algorithms Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning for Large Models: A Comprehensive Survey
Reference 52
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T14:26:25.962597Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Pith citing papers
No inbound Pith citation observations are available.