Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

IRLBench: A Multi-modal, Culturally Grounded, Parallel Irish-English Benchmark for Open-Ended LLM Reasoning Evaluation

As of 18 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 37 of 37 outbound references and 0 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2505.13498.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2505.13498 v1

Coverage vector

measured 37 of 37 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-15T21:06:59.670819Z

measured 37 of 37 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00

measured 0 of 0 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: cited_works

Reference resolution

37 of 37 outbound references displayed

verified exact0
verified fuzzy33
unresolved4
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier0
metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation e353f138-250f-4b03-9e29-db2994e5ab16 · outbound

This paper cites Evaluating large vision-and-language models on children’s mathematical olympiads,.

IRLBench: A Multi-modal, Culturally Grounded, Parallel Irish-English Benchmark for Open-Ended LLM Reasoning Evaluation Evaluating large vision-and-language models on children’s mathematical olympiads,

Reference 1

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T21:07:00.181948Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 3f767a34-2456-4a86-b61b-ddd47f7b6b36 · outbound

This paper cites Towards reasoning in large language models: A survey,.

IRLBench: A Multi-modal, Culturally Grounded, Parallel Irish-English Benchmark for Open-Ended LLM Reasoning Evaluation Towards reasoning in large language models: A survey,

Reference 2

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T21:07:00.168449Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 98326dee-95f0-4cfa-af71-1f5066f24ff4 · outbound

This paper cites The bitter lesson learned from 2,000+ multilingual benchmarks,.

IRLBench: A Multi-modal, Culturally Grounded, Parallel Irish-English Benchmark for Open-Ended LLM Reasoning Evaluation The bitter lesson learned from 2,000+ multilingual benchmarks,

Reference 3

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T21:07:00.156588Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation b418d6ba-a19e-419f-8bd9-4012ac3c1c4e · outbound

This paper cites Challenging the boundaries of reasoning: An olympiad-level math benchmark for large language models,.

IRLBench: A Multi-modal, Culturally Grounded, Parallel Irish-English Benchmark for Open-Ended LLM Reasoning Evaluation Challenging the boundaries of reasoning: An olympiad-level math benchmark for large language models,

Reference 4

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T21:07:00.144957Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 9cc1d127-af62-41ed-bdd0-8bb2927c4619 · outbound

This paper cites Humanity’s last exam,.

IRLBench: A Multi-modal, Culturally Grounded, Parallel Irish-English Benchmark for Open-Ended LLM Reasoning Evaluation Humanity’s last exam,

Reference 5

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T21:07:00.134305Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation c8500227-a87f-4036-9a47-50806b63f63d · outbound

This paper cites The multilingual mind : A survey of multilingual reasoning in language models,.

IRLBench: A Multi-modal, Culturally Grounded, Parallel Irish-English Benchmark for Open-Ended LLM Reasoning Evaluation The multilingual mind : A survey of multilingual reasoning in language models,

Reference 6

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T21:07:00.122556Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 9b1decdb-fb12-4d6c-bf1f-63298839868b · outbound

This paper cites Scaling test-time compute for low-resource languages: Multilingual reasoning in llms,.

IRLBench: A Multi-modal, Culturally Grounded, Parallel Irish-English Benchmark for Open-Ended LLM Reasoning Evaluation Scaling test-time compute for low-resource languages: Multilingual reasoning in llms,

Reference 7

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T21:07:00.108586Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 7a05bebb-d546-4099-9fa7-09d67df29cd9 · outbound

This paper cites Towards measuring and modeling “culture.

IRLBench: A Multi-modal, Culturally Grounded, Parallel Irish-English Benchmark for Open-Ended LLM Reasoning Evaluation Towards measuring and modeling “culture

Reference 8

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T21:07:00.094920Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 65badd25-f43d-44ce-b1d1-1282e6b31169 · outbound

This paper cites Memory of Peoples Series, UNESCO, 3 ed., Feb.

IRLBench: A Multi-modal, Culturally Grounded, Parallel Irish-English Benchmark for Open-Ended LLM Reasoning Evaluation Memory of Peoples Series, UNESCO, 3 ed., Feb

Reference 9

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T21:07:00.083275Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 3e918326-2133-4940-9df9-6cd4de5ec00a · outbound

This paper cites SIB- 200: A simple, inclusive, and big evaluation dataset for topic classification in 200+ languages and dialects,.

IRLBench: A Multi-modal, Culturally Grounded, Parallel Irish-English Benchmark for Open-Ended LLM Reasoning Evaluation SIB- 200: A simple, inclusive, and big evaluation dataset for topic classification in 200+ languages and dialects,

Reference 10

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T21:07:00.071489Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation ff32c060-5313-4954-af16-1751887b485f · outbound

This paper cites The belebele benchmark: a parallel reading comprehension dataset in 122 language variants,.

IRLBench: A Multi-modal, Culturally Grounded, Parallel Irish-English Benchmark for Open-Ended LLM Reasoning Evaluation The belebele benchmark: a parallel reading comprehension dataset in 122 language variants,

Reference 11

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T21:07:00.060652Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation cb4f1d79-23a6-4346-84b6-706864247b03 · outbound

This paper cites Uccix: Irish-excellence large language model,.

IRLBench: A Multi-modal, Culturally Grounded, Parallel Irish-English Benchmark for Open-Ended LLM Reasoning Evaluation Uccix: Irish-excellence large language model,

Reference 12

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T21:07:00.049558Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 94372199-e63e-4ac2-a3e2-1908b4e85d68 · outbound

This paper cites Survey of cultural awareness in language models: Text and beyond,.

IRLBench: A Multi-modal, Culturally Grounded, Parallel Irish-English Benchmark for Open-Ended LLM Reasoning Evaluation Survey of cultural awareness in language models: Text and beyond,

Reference 13

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T21:07:00.037295Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 6b2daa91-c408-4fd6-9906-67f924b15966 · outbound

This paper cites Judging LLM-as-a-judge with MT-bench and chatbot arena,.

IRLBench: A Multi-modal, Culturally Grounded, Parallel Irish-English Benchmark for Open-Ended LLM Reasoning Evaluation Judging LLM-as-a-judge with MT-bench and chatbot arena,

Reference 14

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T21:07:00.019823Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation d562f72e-d14c-49d4-9065-e1613f418b99 · outbound

This paper cites Justice or prejudice? quantifying biases in LLM-as-a-judge,.

IRLBench: A Multi-modal, Culturally Grounded, Parallel Irish-English Benchmark for Open-Ended LLM Reasoning Evaluation Justice or prejudice? quantifying biases in LLM-as-a-judge,

Reference 15

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T21:07:00.006224Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 676b34f5-4ec0-4eb7-96d4-3a333addebfa · outbound

This paper cites Language models are multilingual chain-of-thought reasoners,.

IRLBench: A Multi-modal, Culturally Grounded, Parallel Irish-English Benchmark for Open-Ended LLM Reasoning Evaluation Language models are multilingual chain-of-thought reasoners,

Reference 16

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T21:06:59.991668Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation cb9bcbe7-0ba7-4f67-9fdd-0ae6e6f326f0 · outbound

This paper cites Global mmlu: Understanding and addressing cultural and linguistic biases in multilingual evaluation,.

IRLBench: A Multi-modal, Culturally Grounded, Parallel Irish-English Benchmark for Open-Ended LLM Reasoning Evaluation Global mmlu: Understanding and addressing cultural and linguistic biases in multilingual evaluation,

Reference 17

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T21:06:59.980367Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation eca2b40d-4bdf-45c5-a489-f3d63625147f · outbound

This paper cites M3exam: A multilingual, multimodal, multilevel benchmark for examining large language models,.

IRLBench: A Multi-modal, Culturally Grounded, Parallel Irish-English Benchmark for Open-Ended LLM Reasoning Evaluation M3exam: A multilingual, multimodal, multilevel benchmark for examining large language models,

Reference 18

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T21:06:59.969920Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 9702f91d-7bcc-4094-bdfc-b89415656684 · outbound

This paper cites Training Verifiers to Solve Math Word Problems.

IRLBench: A Multi-modal, Culturally Grounded, Parallel Irish-English Benchmark for Open-Ended LLM Reasoning Evaluation Training Verifiers to Solve Math Word Problems

Reference 19

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T21:06:59.604840Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation b938eb7b-4fa9-49b8-85fc-9b9ac3ae1ed1 · outbound

This paper cites Measuring massive multitask language understanding,.

IRLBench: A Multi-modal, Culturally Grounded, Parallel Irish-English Benchmark for Open-Ended LLM Reasoning Evaluation Measuring massive multitask language understanding,

Reference 20

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T21:06:59.956929Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 74846c90-94cf-4c22-a4ad-ccf8b9018d09 · outbound

This paper cites CMMLU: Measuring massive multitask language understanding in Chinese,.

IRLBench: A Multi-modal, Culturally Grounded, Parallel Irish-English Benchmark for Open-Ended LLM Reasoning Evaluation CMMLU: Measuring massive multitask language understanding in Chinese,

Reference 21

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T21:06:59.943675Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 2ed1a92a-772a-4ea1-9279-315c66d6fad8 · outbound

This paper cites KMMLU: Measuring massive multitask language understanding in Korean,.

IRLBench: A Multi-modal, Culturally Grounded, Parallel Irish-English Benchmark for Open-Ended LLM Reasoning Evaluation KMMLU: Measuring massive multitask language understanding in Korean,

Reference 22

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T21:06:59.931047Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation e80bcadc-f996-4193-8989-e01a5157dcca · outbound

This paper cites ArabicMMLU: Assessing massive multitask language understanding in Arabic,.

IRLBench: A Multi-modal, Culturally Grounded, Parallel Irish-English Benchmark for Open-Ended LLM Reasoning Evaluation ArabicMMLU: Assessing massive multitask language understanding in Arabic,

Reference 23

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T21:06:59.917434Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation c98c950c-70c1-479d-a39e-e9003b5ae395 · outbound

This paper cites None of the others: a general technique to distinguish reasoning from memorization in multiple-choice llm evaluation benchmarks,.

IRLBench: A Multi-modal, Culturally Grounded, Parallel Irish-English Benchmark for Open-Ended LLM Reasoning Evaluation None of the others: a general technique to distinguish reasoning from memorization in multiple-choice llm evaluation benchmarks,

Reference 24

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T21:06:59.902906Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 8ebe5e9b-80b4-4daa-8e32-3a5ab1817e8a · outbound

This paper cites SPIQA: A dataset for multimodal ques- tion answering on scientific papers,.

IRLBench: A Multi-modal, Culturally Grounded, Parallel Irish-English Benchmark for Open-Ended LLM Reasoning Evaluation SPIQA: A dataset for multimodal ques- tion answering on scientific papers,

Reference 25

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T21:06:59.889708Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation a24f8483-3c3b-40c5-b657-688e93adfc29 · outbound

This paper cites Introducing gemini 2.0: our new ai model for the agentic era,.

IRLBench: A Multi-modal, Culturally Grounded, Parallel Irish-English Benchmark for Open-Ended LLM Reasoning Evaluation Introducing gemini 2.0: our new ai model for the agentic era,

Reference 26

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T21:06:59.877164Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 4d7baa99-52d9-4371-ae1e-c4f89d245b0c · outbound

This paper cites Gemini 2.0: Flash, flash-lite and pro,.

IRLBench: A Multi-modal, Culturally Grounded, Parallel Irish-English Benchmark for Open-Ended LLM Reasoning Evaluation Gemini 2.0: Flash, flash-lite and pro,

Reference 27

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T21:06:59.863503Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation cc371727-9f41-49ed-a630-d8f3116adfcb · outbound

This paper cites Bleu: a method for automatic evaluation of machine translation,.

IRLBench: A Multi-modal, Culturally Grounded, Parallel Irish-English Benchmark for Open-Ended LLM Reasoning Evaluation Bleu: a method for automatic evaluation of machine translation,

Reference 28

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T21:06:59.849362Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 0d321d6a-e496-4656-b662-0f001065d8ff · outbound

This paper cites ROUGE: A package for automatic evaluation of summaries,.

IRLBench: A Multi-modal, Culturally Grounded, Parallel Irish-English Benchmark for Open-Ended LLM Reasoning Evaluation ROUGE: A package for automatic evaluation of summaries,

Reference 29

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T21:06:59.641490Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation b22831e4-866f-41ec-9ef3-4e51fefe0a03 · outbound

This paper cites LIMA: Less is more for alignment,.

IRLBench: A Multi-modal, Culturally Grounded, Parallel Irish-English Benchmark for Open-Ended LLM Reasoning Evaluation LIMA: Less is more for alignment,

Reference 30

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T21:06:59.823380Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 2e9c4103-e71e-4883-a8a9-a4efed9b5f14 · outbound

This paper cites Bag of Tricks for Efficient Text Classification.

IRLBench: A Multi-modal, Culturally Grounded, Parallel Irish-English Benchmark for Open-Ended LLM Reasoning Evaluation Bag of Tricks for Efficient Text Classification

Reference 31

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T21:06:59.648469Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation df0fc659-4e43-45cf-8ddb-97d2566cdb01 · outbound

This paper cites FastText.zip: Compressing text classification models.

IRLBench: A Multi-modal, Culturally Grounded, Parallel Irish-English Benchmark for Open-Ended LLM Reasoning Evaluation FastText.zip: Compressing text classification models

Reference 32

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T21:06:59.652350Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 568b6873-8f3f-49f3-a5d3-90ef9d205ed8 · outbound

This paper cites Introducing openai o3 and o4-mini,.

IRLBench: A Multi-modal, Culturally Grounded, Parallel Irish-English Benchmark for Open-Ended LLM Reasoning Evaluation Introducing openai o3 and o4-mini,

Reference 33

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T21:06:59.808243Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 9052b625-9441-44f0-80b0-3dd0ed6fdc19 · outbound

This paper cites Introducing gpt-4.1 in the api,.

IRLBench: A Multi-modal, Culturally Grounded, Parallel Irish-English Benchmark for Open-Ended LLM Reasoning Evaluation Introducing gpt-4.1 in the api,

Reference 34

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T21:06:59.792246Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 820c2407-65b8-493a-bbf0-4fd9e43c1d6d · outbound

This paper cites The llama 4 herd: The beginning of a new era of natively multimodal ai innovation,.

IRLBench: A Multi-modal, Culturally Grounded, Parallel Irish-English Benchmark for Open-Ended LLM Reasoning Evaluation The llama 4 herd: The beginning of a new era of natively multimodal ai innovation,

Reference 35

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T21:06:59.777059Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 3abb851c-3f92-4017-a412-687421e7c253 · outbound

This paper cites Aya vision: Advancing the frontier of multilingual multimodality,.

IRLBench: A Multi-modal, Culturally Grounded, Parallel Irish-English Benchmark for Open-Ended LLM Reasoning Evaluation Aya vision: Advancing the frontier of multilingual multimodality,

Reference 36

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T21:06:59.759638Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 9aa5105c-3e93-495d-bb01-9b7076063a37 · outbound

This paper cites Measuring short-form factuality in large language models,.

IRLBench: A Multi-modal, Culturally Grounded, Parallel Irish-English Benchmark for Open-Ended LLM Reasoning Evaluation Measuring short-form factuality in large language models,

Reference 37

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T21:06:59.746725Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Pith citing papers

No inbound Pith citation observations are available.