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The Higman-M\lowercase{c}Laughlin Theorem for the flag-transitive $2$-designs with $\lambda$ prime

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arxiv 2504.11407 v1 pith:E3VHAFBC submitted 2025-04-15 math.CO math.GR

classification math.COmath.GR
keywords designlambdamathcalprimedesignsflag-transitivehigmanmclaughlin
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abstract

A famous result of Higman and McLaughlin \cite{HM} in 1961 asserts that any flag-transitive automorphism group $G$ of a $2$-design $\mathcal{D}$ with $\lambda=1$ acts point-primitively on $\mathcal{D}$. In this paper, we show that the Higman and McLaughlin theorem is still true when $\lambda$ is a prime and $\mathcal{D}$ is not isomorphic to one of the two $2$-$(16,6,2)$ designs as in [42, Section 1.2], or the $2$-$(45,12,3)$ design as in [44, Construction 4.2], or, when $2^{2^{j}}+1$ is a Fermat prime, a possible $2$-$(2^{2^{j+1}}(2^{2^{j}}+2),2^{2^{j}}(2^{2^{j}}+1),2^{2^{j}}+1)$ design having very specific features.

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  1. On flag-transitive automorphism groups of $2$-designs with $\lambda$ prime

    math.GR 2025-05 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    For flag-transitive point-primitive 2-designs with λ prime, exceptional simple socles give exactly the Suzuki-Tits ovoid design and a new G2(q) coset-geometry family, while sporadic socles give only three known designs.

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