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Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models

As of 20 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 54 of 54 outbound references and 1 inbound Pith citation observation for arXiv:2505.19121.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2505.19121 v2

Coverage vector

measured 54 of 54 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-07T14:26:02.780673Z

measured 55 of 55 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00

measured 1 of 1 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-06T22:22:08.501322Z

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: pith, observed 2026-08-06T22:22:08.802546Z

Reference resolution

54 of 54 outbound references displayed

  • verified exact0
  • verified fuzzy1
  • unresolved53
  • parse uncertain0
  • malformed identifier0
  • metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation d9b6d6df-3085-40d0-8ad5-0e54546ee8e9 · outbound

This paper cites Phi-3 Technical Report: A Highly Capable Language Model Locally on Your Phone.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Phi-3 Technical Report: A Highly Capable Language Model Locally on Your Phone

Reference 1

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:25:57.748876Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:25:57.748876Z digest=sha256:45692add265fb5c925ba86abe45e27b93fe4c19ae89c474a1880a3b135ca33aa

Observation a71421a4-ef1b-46a0-88a8-74c72466bb96 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 2

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:26:10.572003Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:25:57.859212Z digest=sha256:47c27afe46ad5e4dba1ef43550667fdbd9820456cb52bf8b16ba593de527c66a

Observation 0c225f0b-798d-436f-98d1-63f17b81022b · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 3

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:26:10.366864Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:25:57.917866Z digest=sha256:87a66421178fbd242ed3779b991c716ef00ea1a2cea50c8a2b63838487c252a9

Observation c7d3ba92-f385-400a-a79b-23918b1253c2 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 4

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:26:10.226314Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:25:57.971449Z digest=sha256:2dac13ee7f3bb5e4eee7548636870fe54ed6100d1b531fc732a3d8181b0cc8c4

Observation 2b9603d7-98b2-45e1-8ef8-244530926e3f · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 6

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:26:10.136300Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:25:58.110212Z digest=sha256:fb9c4f74d9980d0831e30262c17a26c968b0aa5709ba47dc6a5db6c9c98371ac

Observation cbecfce7-c79e-48a3-b5f1-9035c4475b51 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 7

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:26:09.942620Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:25:58.233784Z digest=sha256:33389c06e39107cb55d051f06eb79d0ca7b6df68f967ef1fc948170c3cadfa6f

Observation 1585b56b-aaa6-4083-a2d2-60068e8ec2e7 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 8

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:26:09.836371Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:25:58.284216Z digest=sha256:6173f40d56456398b20835e61d808fc0edbab38c7331e5be046f0874bca647fb

Observation 586d0e9f-5c36-4508-b3c5-fff15c9302f3 · outbound

This paper cites The Llama 3 Herd of Models.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models The Llama 3 Herd of Models

Reference 9

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:25:58.365039Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:25:58.365039Z digest=sha256:cc2b4e9dfd5228c43e1495e5e82b1c963ef0bb3b31379fd794b5a15a95e96fb9

Observation 121b4ac0-b72f-4880-b289-461502236791 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 10

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:26:09.713774Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:25:58.456822Z digest=sha256:a264863eabc30673971a6159ecf888b4be300f69954c7bf4e7e2623dbafb631c

Observation ed789331-5787-4141-9c15-7a57dd8c7e84 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 11

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:26:09.595896Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:25:58.560261Z digest=sha256:0fe923cb1d049319c9f3a22eca3e28891b06c49d440df79e521866cd4718e54e

Observation a3bf7300-ae78-491b-b7ab-116c74efb29e · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 12

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:26:09.463277Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:25:58.654134Z digest=sha256:af64d7d65352e7780fa13ad876ea8c690a2152858576eaddec99029aeaea53ab

Observation ab433064-1ce8-4852-be97-082aaf999d34 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 13

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:26:09.338054Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:25:58.747646Z digest=sha256:cef8fb4408d81417531e75fd1eea7c381ef9338803f7becda99807b7ee2e7689

Observation 889a16e3-e474-4476-927b-d50f42e2e31b · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 14

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:26:09.259998Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:25:58.839923Z digest=sha256:ac26cfff391802b36acbd06d34747f28bf1533a8fae1b7f361776210ae3cf490

Observation 803b47d2-15ec-48db-94a0-9e3d899e2950 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 15

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:25:58.929257Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:25:58.929257Z digest=sha256:52e056f31adc8892b355a6474b57240007982f8ff21f7c6b7fd632915890aa0d

Observation 64139fc5-5445-4d53-8a79-81b1647786e2 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 16

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:26:09.130473Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:25:59.040709Z digest=sha256:4f909e056c1834d326cca1ba23cdac3ed1ea664dca8f9f8c8c679be58e1cd077

Observation e98fc3ca-fb60-4618-b170-d1267d821102 · outbound

This paper cites Mistral 7B.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Mistral 7B

Reference 17

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:25:59.119995Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:25:59.119995Z digest=sha256:c223f408b94c4b091ac4a724f81573ab4571a00d893d733cfa38560a6b7f714d

Observation b03efc23-5db7-4308-9580-c28ce9e2008f · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 18

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:26:09.000509Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:25:59.232610Z digest=sha256:bb797664b8bda42e5fd2424db5dbbfb122510792e71e1f9b768983a01da0f05b

Observation 02148ffe-3c8c-4148-a875-1d0ed35b43db · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 19

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:26:08.847856Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:25:59.318151Z digest=sha256:6248551c4bf5ef6d4e37f226f6925d2c63c99b2a74afa69fd8de826f7e3063db

Observation 767417b6-ef7e-4a45-8297-6d1a8a1fa665 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 20

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:25:59.427713Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:25:59.427713Z digest=sha256:aa20937e43d9ab8ec48b5c8346fce5f543ece9e9f0492a30384698dd43323e91

Observation d505b07b-8693-418a-b8cf-771aa89b29de · outbound

This paper cites Gonzalez, Hao Zhang, and Ion Stoica.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Gonzalez, Hao Zhang, and Ion Stoica

Reference 21

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:25:59.530524Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:25:59.530524Z digest=sha256:3696de4e0deb12b241489148e44b915ae1911209bad518fe48bcd98c7aa37f9b

Observation ea85d832-c3be-429c-96f7-884e30c5a38c · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 22

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:26:07.816557Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:25:59.586365Z digest=sha256:cbf7860f4f925413dedc8cfa9a65d3aff99dccac42b8bb5da50c5e9089a61844

Observation 615c2593-9c11-4706-aa54-81b4ffb52d59 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 23

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:26:07.584087Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:25:59.620074Z digest=sha256:9eaf9c05f95da55913a698b5bd75655749b219e8a242b165e61a086c4dcc56c5

Observation b9861160-178a-4cbd-b320-d465cdc5c87d · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 24

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:26:07.441543Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:25:59.661233Z digest=sha256:5a725326ac5c0e1b3a9a55f120939cedc264c227d3f7ebdf4a72928d6b132d8c

Observation a5faeb88-a3d8-4623-916c-f3eaccb19017 · outbound

This paper cites Language Ranker: A Metric for Quantifying LLM Performance Across High and Low-Resource Languages.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Language Ranker: A Metric for Quantifying LLM Performance Across High and Low-Resource Languages

Reference 25

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:25:59.747797Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:25:59.747797Z digest=sha256:5247d7af41b4c07fdfe5441c15dd774fdbd0c31c0fdec2a472dd6daa5192ac98

Observation 5e67b882-91e0-4a5c-b200-649aec656e37 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 26

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:26:07.348158Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:25:59.825891Z digest=sha256:1f5bba7ef74bd5ff8e1fec63e877f7a79753ebce0ba7ea442a49bcca01cfe444

Observation ae4b5746-7f0a-446e-85b4-494cd7d817d6 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 27

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:25:59.868837Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:25:59.868837Z digest=sha256:c85d9841c778a875c4a7da9c5d2b594a2e069521c9c49685fee885a992d68d6e

Observation 8668caec-00b4-4ec5-9b2a-31bda7216b69 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 28

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:25:59.933691Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:25:59.933691Z digest=sha256:464b6a24725372a104d0fa36966ed60b836f3e8f7e1cce93c4415913abd0e224

Observation 791f249f-a74c-4743-aecf-93ba6d5f748e · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 29

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:26:07.223319Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:25:59.978097Z digest=sha256:9f4579a66bfa123f22bc3edc810ea4421bc4ffed6fbe4170b198764b447ebcbd

Observation 20933e57-f4b1-4c07-8b63-d13858fe3f82 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 30

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:26:07.074487Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:26:00.110526Z digest=sha256:d2cb4f9e8cdb347ca2af5ef4a39aac465c347fa12d9bd46c2e921ee59d4c266a

Observation 7fb904f6-e47b-4196-a6aa-ad072f40cbb4 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 31

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:26:06.940517Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:26:00.163507Z digest=sha256:18fc0167f118fb10fe564329bb8d88ac1ef411b7f6d11519b871a91dfc9b7b91

Observation 55ab532f-1249-48ec-9fe7-5403bc237bba · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 32

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:26:06.799798Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:26:00.198621Z digest=sha256:2682ee5ff606acaf33eeab47305d58f8acb71f8124049392c2d7755531596aa0

Observation 6f8244d8-19f5-4c03-8b42-c13d3290f7af · outbound

This paper cites GPT-4 Technical Report.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models GPT-4 Technical Report

Reference 33

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:26:00.307490Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:26:00.307490Z digest=sha256:ce0804bce4532adcc6eede7c16d2bbdeaa40c35fbf98c2221103d0206ccdc540

Observation f3b15e64-ccdc-4871-8965-d1d87888161d · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 34

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:26:06.670258Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:26:00.399754Z digest=sha256:389f77bd7688c97d88e82f329663e2f16b5d85992b7f7ff4ed2bc9fd40952e05

Observation 0b755be1-65ba-4aa6-92ea-af6e74f07a01 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 35

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:26:06.519320Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:26:00.474914Z digest=sha256:0d5ec8bf32c911a4a9db8dc7346370b032334e5886c9af33f482043f30f29051

Observation eecac05c-edf6-47c5-bce8-125de7d96ff9 · outbound

This paper cites Smith, and Yejin Choi.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Smith, and Yejin Choi

Reference 36

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:26:06.369666Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:26:00.568085Z digest=sha256:d0c4f38fc2156b56faae6b721c1e49efbaef528984b9a43b67f3e7562f13d638

Observation 55383c79-44c9-40cd-ab47-144017f0db6c · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 37

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:26:06.235963Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:26:00.652204Z digest=sha256:67aea230e4f107d1d84203c3cb09e75e00653887f5c2e6d40c127a4e3a7565db

Observation 65c52025-9fee-4700-8a62-794f4a68ae69 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 38

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:26:06.082730Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:26:00.738994Z digest=sha256:f6d943189df9576d6a7315867a1728be01a3ca011fe7cd2d9fd211b6d0cf4b88

Observation 4b3ae3b3-8921-44ca-b3aa-14c1e5e2863f · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 39

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:26:00.799499Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:26:00.799499Z digest=sha256:1a171b11183cb9a84564f55010cc8ea295d0d0fe1ebaa07afca92fd39c9001e4

Observation efba6249-aee5-4643-aefa-3dc707c06ab8 · outbound

This paper cites Gemma: Open Models Based on Gemini Research and Technology.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Gemma: Open Models Based on Gemini Research and Technology

Reference 40

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:26:00.861800Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:26:00.861800Z digest=sha256:d9c62b36a762d588e701278d2c547e428711c4701360f8d457cd060d3153bf0b

Observation 6b48eaad-feda-4dbe-8164-b656986de402 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 41

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:26:05.980002Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:26:00.965917Z digest=sha256:2d9c87f3631f4833d7ca8201cdc4af43e775e2602e47aa1493c68285ca5bc7ae

Observation d571604c-b534-44dc-8c88-858f9be490cd · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 42

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:26:05.838509Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:26:01.041538Z digest=sha256:0d454e15b72eaef6ce0dfbe7f44b748ea5ecb9d3da22dc7339e491f94a5cbb0f

Observation 3693dac4-54a5-4720-8263-71a56c80ea19 · outbound

This paper cites Llama 2: Open Foundation and Fine-Tuned Chat Models.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Llama 2: Open Foundation and Fine-Tuned Chat Models

Reference 43

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:26:01.155924Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:26:01.155924Z digest=sha256:ae8f1cd99bccd4168ebb056250f51cd92b779a8f3a69daf379ad1fdd0e0ecc8d

Observation b1279b7c-d86a-4485-a1cf-792f2f81c389 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 44

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:26:05.656913Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:26:01.241318Z digest=sha256:9b4729148220c400b5acf061027af14bf3ef7cafafd784d679ddb6f78972ea60

Observation 5a2e6d43-24a8-4f42-a8a9-38e63aef2ebe · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 45

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:26:05.448505Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:26:01.382800Z digest=sha256:a9f53e02b82389b7f29c4226cdd48e12d941747a3a10d0e2616d29d409312700

Observation e27a3821-df40-4f44-a46a-d11f76959ac9 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 46

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:26:05.285316Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:26:01.565279Z digest=sha256:e938a4b2ba4fa665b0fe997b3efcf6af8ffd041e9ea57a45427866e3afb0bc91

Observation b436fdd8-6062-4cec-b161-5ee96bdb9223 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 47

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:26:04.989668Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:26:01.676069Z digest=sha256:e539e5f34924997a10b510b680eda7d3ea5d7f40b34afb9c9bfdf318485da0b7

Observation c17949bb-1d91-4b32-b8cd-65985e56009b · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 48

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:26:04.740636Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:26:01.822052Z digest=sha256:498dd503768abf32764e2aa2a45922686a5d9faf4159aa96f1ef6dcce0a9a62d

Observation f0c5b587-223e-4447-94ed-cd05e52bbb9f · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 49

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:26:04.471797Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:26:01.960416Z digest=sha256:6021501bc31ee062af10ef444d908da47fcca6c7cd562f1fe734a807efd655bd

Observation 08c869d5-4fd9-44d8-917a-547ea28e86d3 · outbound

This paper cites A Survey of Large Language Models.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models A Survey of Large Language Models

Reference 50

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:26:02.107614Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:26:02.107614Z digest=sha256:3b45750acc4668d6a5f1b8a651794765cee47abfde7900bbc49cb9f992132673

Observation aff24d3f-cd1c-4926-8b23-226a321469aa · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 51

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:26:04.261931Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:26:02.259766Z digest=sha256:6ddd96e75520b4593217a91b90b0d2d17ba39039df78e6fa577a2265159b3527

Observation 282c24fe-13d2-4e89-a6bb-52fa1efffee6 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 52

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:26:04.123855Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:26:02.380614Z digest=sha256:87ee3c11b7985cf3591572a2923ca16e2ca85ceeecd4cf2bc2c180e92de3f448

Observation 5033b4bd-cb39-4790-95b3-9bd8b469741a · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 53

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:26:03.959078Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:26:02.563609Z digest=sha256:19fcdca9ceae00b288252ba45e740f1de2740ae705e39553f0818d29cffefabf

Observation 96f8e4e0-1f3c-4c44-86c3-49c770b94527 · outbound

This paper cites online" 'onlinestring :=.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models online" 'onlinestring :=

Reference 54

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:26:02.651151Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:26:02.651151Z digest=sha256:47b3256a274bbb715cab2b0c9294a038e207a7bdce6800b05a34f98014e80a19

Observation 3eb16391-40fd-4b5d-af5f-b93b603c5d78 · outbound

This paper cites write newline.

Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models write newline

Reference 55

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:26:02.780673Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T14:26:02.780673Z digest=sha256:7c075147bf138e7f4fb4d44854089f5c3fdb8e65daa1d928028a867ab2823498

Pith citing papers

Observation 56c32fd6-5e3b-410d-ab04-1d9e4f958f98 · inbound

A Dual-Layered Evaluation of Geopolitical and Cultural Bias in LLMs cites this paper.

A Dual-Layered Evaluation of Geopolitical and Cultural Bias in LLMs Delving into Multilingual Ethical Bias: The MSQAD with Statistical Hypothesis Tests for Large Language Models

Reference 26

Resolution
verified exact
local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-06T22:22:09.069980Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-06T22:22:08.501322Z digest=sha256:1619f5f802d6ec5ebf735778bcdcd7dd73f1ce241e8c0cc66e8d8fa5c7d7b102