Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-10T18:09:29.043740Z
Paper Citation Record · LEDGER
Open Sourcing GPTs: Economics of Open Sourcing Advanced AI Models
As of 22 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 49 of 49 outbound references and 0 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2501.11581.
A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.
Coverage vector
One-hop event checks from named stored sources.
Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00
Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links
A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.
Source: cited_works
Reference resolution
49 of 49 outbound references displayed
- verified exact0
- verified fuzzy22
- unresolved27
- parse uncertain0
- malformed identifier0
- metadata mismatch0
External citation measurements
No source-named external measurement is stored.
Outbound references
Observation 71ec0be8-9cbd-45e0-8b46-e8974b6005b8 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
Open Sourcing GPTs: Economics of Open Sourcing Advanced AI Models Unresolved cited work
Reference 1
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T18:09:29.756267Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 909caf57-1388-48f4-b627-3cb6eb8e0f83 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
Open Sourcing GPTs: Economics of Open Sourcing Advanced AI Models Unresolved cited work
Reference 2
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T18:09:29.743163Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 97c241ac-7ed9-4e34-829c-75eb21b31c38 · outbound
This paper cites Wahed, and N.
Open Sourcing GPTs: Economics of Open Sourcing Advanced AI Models Wahed, and N
Reference 3
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T18:09:29.728532Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation a4571d77-b856-46cf-9122-289a841158f2 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
Open Sourcing GPTs: Economics of Open Sourcing Advanced AI Models Unresolved cited work
Reference 4
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T18:09:29.712202Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 2f1b28ff-ae93-43f3-9209-82dd4e2d1a33 · outbound
This paper cites Athey, D.
Open Sourcing GPTs: Economics of Open Sourcing Advanced AI Models Athey, D
Reference 5
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T18:09:28.842229Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation fac9ab84-5e7a-4cbc-bf15-7100643ed8c0 · outbound
This paper cites Belenzon, A.
Open Sourcing GPTs: Economics of Open Sourcing Advanced AI Models Belenzon, A
Reference 6
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T18:09:29.689180Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 428703ad-70c6-4c72-9a55-f4e5a51f5c5a · outbound
This paper cites Belenzon, and L.
Open Sourcing GPTs: Economics of Open Sourcing Advanced AI Models Belenzon, and L
Reference 7
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T18:09:29.675413Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation b27ac02c-8508-409c-bec9-933764c8cf1a · outbound
This paper cites Cassiman, and J.
Open Sourcing GPTs: Economics of Open Sourcing Advanced AI Models Cassiman, and J
Reference 8
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T18:09:29.661006Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation f7c68c6e-6417-4b34-b2d5-a780e02a1646 · outbound
This paper cites Lo, and A.
Open Sourcing GPTs: Economics of Open Sourcing Advanced AI Models Lo, and A
Reference 9
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T18:09:29.646303Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 4e53bcb5-e89c-4419-ac00-4cbce8ffd872 · outbound
This paper cites Rock, and C.
Open Sourcing GPTs: Economics of Open Sourcing Advanced AI Models Rock, and C
Reference 10
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T18:09:29.633774Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation f19d7d92-0a3f-4f13-8689-0913c78c4e83 · outbound
This paper cites Big tech is inflating fears about ai's risk to humanity: Google brain cofounder.
Open Sourcing GPTs: Economics of Open Sourcing Advanced AI Models Big tech is inflating fears about ai's risk to humanity: Google brain cofounder
Reference 11
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T18:09:29.619988Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation fe797155-a5c5-4398-baa2-2a0c8e6849b6 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
Open Sourcing GPTs: Economics of Open Sourcing Advanced AI Models Unresolved cited work
Reference 12
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T18:09:29.604662Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation f4dc265f-bf7d-4f8a-9511-83cee3e85e0b · outbound
This paper cites Zheng, Y.
Open Sourcing GPTs: Economics of Open Sourcing Advanced AI Models Zheng, Y
Reference 13
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T18:09:29.591176Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation d0c83c5b-830e-4eff-a23f-9a34536a1a1a · outbound
This paper cites Meta ceo mark zuckerberg touts to employees ‘incredible breakthroughs’ the company has seen in a.i.
Open Sourcing GPTs: Economics of Open Sourcing Advanced AI Models Meta ceo mark zuckerberg touts to employees ‘incredible breakthroughs’ the company has seen in a.i
Reference 14
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T18:09:29.576754Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 00582e52-d451-4635-9b9a-a8fb0a552a70 · outbound
This paper cites Meta's open source approach to ai puzzles wall street, techies love it.
Open Sourcing GPTs: Economics of Open Sourcing Advanced AI Models Meta's open source approach to ai puzzles wall street, techies love it
Reference 15
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T18:09:29.560818Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 6d5ad87f-f4a4-47e9-954f-963df09aea37 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
Open Sourcing GPTs: Economics of Open Sourcing Advanced AI Models Unresolved cited work
Reference 16
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T18:09:29.546541Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation b94396b3-e4fa-4f05-9a40-e0de1807f03a · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
Open Sourcing GPTs: Economics of Open Sourcing Advanced AI Models Unresolved cited work
Reference 17
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T18:09:29.530394Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 5bb52630-4394-415f-b725-ec93901614d9 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
Open Sourcing GPTs: Economics of Open Sourcing Advanced AI Models Unresolved cited work
Reference 18
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T18:09:29.513122Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation b8ff0c17-37ea-4496-a9b4-6387100e5598 · outbound
This paper cites Manning, P.
Open Sourcing GPTs: Economics of Open Sourcing Advanced AI Models Manning, P
Reference 19
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T18:09:29.499441Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 2d92fac1-6e04-4c49-bf14-2e06ef2ae3f7 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
Open Sourcing GPTs: Economics of Open Sourcing Advanced AI Models Unresolved cited work
Reference 20
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T18:09:29.486593Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 63d342a0-4577-413f-b811-f280f0c946be · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
Open Sourcing GPTs: Economics of Open Sourcing Advanced AI Models Unresolved cited work
Reference 21
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T18:09:29.473608Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation bc411300-682c-430b-9a03-ece8298ce404 · outbound
This paper cites Kelly, and M.
Open Sourcing GPTs: Economics of Open Sourcing Advanced AI Models Kelly, and M
Reference 22
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T18:09:29.459651Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 0f886a05-01ed-4fe0-9e70-e2bfa8b1ec2b · outbound
This paper cites Taska, and F.
Open Sourcing GPTs: Economics of Open Sourcing Advanced AI Models Taska, and F
Reference 23
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T18:09:29.447314Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation b79bfb71-d2f3-4cce-a65e-54c43cf29854 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
Open Sourcing GPTs: Economics of Open Sourcing Advanced AI Models Unresolved cited work
Reference 24
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T18:09:29.434445Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation a468dce7-2914-49e6-a95d-6430285f4bc6 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
Open Sourcing GPTs: Economics of Open Sourcing Advanced AI Models Unresolved cited work
Reference 25
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T18:09:29.420699Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 3651d2bd-75e1-4fcc-ba6f-fa919bfa44f4 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
Open Sourcing GPTs: Economics of Open Sourcing Advanced AI Models Unresolved cited work
Reference 26
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T18:09:29.408345Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 787b4bee-eae6-4a33-9ad9-75c24ed7dcf7 · outbound
This paper cites Universal Language Model Fine-tuning for Text Classification.
Open Sourcing GPTs: Economics of Open Sourcing Advanced AI Models Universal Language Model Fine-tuning for Text Classification
Reference 27
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T18:09:28.942626Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 43cb14ae-a914-48d6-ba01-bfbf0b7e4704 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
Open Sourcing GPTs: Economics of Open Sourcing Advanced AI Models Unresolved cited work
Reference 28
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T18:09:29.393560Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation ac1a1434-5991-4428-9743-d818957c1688 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
Open Sourcing GPTs: Economics of Open Sourcing Advanced AI Models Unresolved cited work
Reference 29
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T18:09:29.379796Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 44f8dd10-c842-4599-b28d-d71f735f09ff · outbound
This paper cites Scaling Laws for Neural Language Models.
Open Sourcing GPTs: Economics of Open Sourcing Advanced AI Models Scaling Laws for Neural Language Models
Reference 30
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T18:09:28.958732Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation af2125f5-d0ec-4eec-9e0f-f293ddb5199a · outbound
This paper cites Papanikolaou, A.
Open Sourcing GPTs: Economics of Open Sourcing Advanced AI Models Papanikolaou, A
Reference 31
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T18:09:29.366628Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 32f9b364-d714-4887-8b30-2191cbf1dded · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
Open Sourcing GPTs: Economics of Open Sourcing Advanced AI Models Unresolved cited work
Reference 32
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T18:09:29.353869Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 6605c7b0-de08-4582-815e-bb1007b87249 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
Open Sourcing GPTs: Economics of Open Sourcing Advanced AI Models Unresolved cited work
Reference 33
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T18:09:29.341523Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 468d6520-561d-433b-92d4-496ca56ca2b5 · outbound
This paper cites BART: Denoising Sequence-to-Sequence Pre-training for Natural Language Generation, Translation, and Comprehension.
Open Sourcing GPTs: Economics of Open Sourcing Advanced AI Models BART: Denoising Sequence-to-Sequence Pre-training for Natural Language Generation, Translation, and Comprehension
Reference 34
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T18:09:28.976292Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 6f115c4f-c386-4094-ad6b-b69bdad0d3a7 · outbound
This paper cites Introducing llama: A foundational, 65-billion-parameter large language model.
Open Sourcing GPTs: Economics of Open Sourcing Advanced AI Models Introducing llama: A foundational, 65-billion-parameter large language model
Reference 35
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T18:09:29.329145Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 517f3701-b345-434b-9f3b-455115948bf4 · outbound
This paper cites The llama ecosystem: Past, present, and future.
Open Sourcing GPTs: Economics of Open Sourcing Advanced AI Models The llama ecosystem: Past, present, and future
Reference 36
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T18:09:29.316553Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation f7defb03-e608-4c00-aa6e-b5ef82b2a436 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
Open Sourcing GPTs: Economics of Open Sourcing Advanced AI Models Unresolved cited work
Reference 37
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T18:09:29.303139Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation e2570620-fc6c-451a-98e9-169d483a1c69 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
Open Sourcing GPTs: Economics of Open Sourcing Advanced AI Models Unresolved cited work
Reference 38
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T18:09:29.288765Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 687481dd-c82e-4b3c-8e7e-23dddbd1f321 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
Open Sourcing GPTs: Economics of Open Sourcing Advanced AI Models Unresolved cited work
Reference 39
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T18:09:29.275301Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation fe42f517-5a73-4274-906e-9319cf5396e5 · outbound
This paper cites Let us show you how gpt works — using jane austen.
Open Sourcing GPTs: Economics of Open Sourcing Advanced AI Models Let us show you how gpt works — using jane austen
Reference 40
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T18:09:29.261222Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 08607eb3-1bcb-4e1d-917a-045eb6276fbe · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
Open Sourcing GPTs: Economics of Open Sourcing Advanced AI Models Unresolved cited work
Reference 41
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T18:09:29.247506Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 9a14a30c-987f-4d3c-afb7-602da8c1e6f2 · outbound
This paper cites (2023, November).
Open Sourcing GPTs: Economics of Open Sourcing Advanced AI Models (2023, November)
Reference 42
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T18:09:29.234112Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 5dccae15-5b7b-4c08-a9cf-1481cac3144b · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
Open Sourcing GPTs: Economics of Open Sourcing Advanced AI Models Unresolved cited work
Reference 43
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T18:09:29.216783Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation a21bc1f0-4f5f-435c-93e4-45890f6d2069 · outbound
This paper cites Shazeer, A.
Open Sourcing GPTs: Economics of Open Sourcing Advanced AI Models Shazeer, A
Reference 44
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T18:09:29.203528Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 38fa16d9-51ad-40fc-80de-b791c703b905 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
Open Sourcing GPTs: Economics of Open Sourcing Advanced AI Models Unresolved cited work
Reference 45
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T18:09:29.189751Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 5c99d4e7-acf3-4714-98bb-ed2d552a88b8 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
Open Sourcing GPTs: Economics of Open Sourcing Advanced AI Models Unresolved cited work
Reference 46
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T18:09:29.174928Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 96ffadbc-d2a0-4b72-a3c7-306713b5d1f7 · outbound
This paper cites Shazeer, N.
Open Sourcing GPTs: Economics of Open Sourcing Advanced AI Models Shazeer, N
Reference 47
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T18:09:29.158578Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation f4e4c4df-bd61-4d92-8180-bf01bf96f358 · outbound
This paper cites private-collective.
Open Sourcing GPTs: Economics of Open Sourcing Advanced AI Models private-collective
Reference 48
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T18:09:29.144766Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation c39f6abf-8a26-414e-80b3-b1ad43a15949 · outbound
This paper cites Should ai be open-source? behind the tweetstorm over its dangers.
Open Sourcing GPTs: Economics of Open Sourcing Advanced AI Models Should ai be open-source? behind the tweetstorm over its dangers
Reference 49
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T18:09:29.126535Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Pith citing papers
No inbound Pith citation observations are available.