Substrate-Independent Light Confinement in Bioinspired All-Dielectric Surface Resonators

Traditionally, photonic crystal slabs can support resonances that are strongly confined to the slab but also couple to external radiation. However, when a photonic crystal slab is placed on a substrate, the resonance modes become less confined, and as the index contrast between slab and substrate decreases, they eventually disappear. Using the scale structure of the Dione juno butterfly wing as an inspiration, we present a low-index zigzag surface structure that supports resonance modes even without index contrast with the substrate. The zigzag structure supports resonances that are contained away from the substrate, which reduces the interaction between the resonance and the substrate. We experimentally verify the existence of substrate-independent resonances in the visible wavelength regime. Potential applications include substrate-independent structural color and light guiding.