Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-14T12:16:47.293376Z
Paper Citation Record · LEDGER
As of 16 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 63 of 63 outbound references and 1 inbound Pith citation observation for arXiv:1908.07723.
A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.
Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-14T12:16:47.293376Z
One-hop event checks from named stored sources.
Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00
Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-14T12:16:46.922656Z
A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.
Source: pith, observed 2026-08-14T12:16:47.415489Z
63 of 63 outbound references displayed
External citation measurements
No source-named external measurement is stored.
Observation f45ca03c-f19d-4e5b-8582-f213ce33377d · outbound
Improved Cardinality Estimation by Learning Queries Containment Rates Improved Cardinality Estimation by Learning Queries Containment Rates
Reference 1
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.
Observation 179b35d9-1759-483a-822a-a09c78dfddaf · outbound
Improved Cardinality Estimation by Learning Queries Containment Rates Query Q1 is x%-contained in query Q2 on database D if precisely x% of Q1’s execution result rows on database D are also in Q2’s execution result on database D
Reference 2
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.
Observation d1f924a9-4dd5-496b-85fb-0cfce57186bd · outbound
Improved Cardinality Estimation by Learning Queries Containment Rates Unresolved cited work
Reference 3
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.
Observation 93ddcef7-38e2-48f0-a40e-313b65741c87 · outbound
Improved Cardinality Estimation by Learning Queries Containment Rates Since to the best of our knowledge, the problem of determining containment rate has not been addressed till now, we used a transformation as described in Section 4.1 below
Reference 4
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation b0ec242f-64b1-41fd-b530-f622df917ebd · outbound
Improved Cardinality Estimation by Learning Queries Containment Rates Unresolved cited work
Reference 5
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation c32f198d-1c75-444d-a4ea-50298683d1d8 · outbound
Improved Cardinality Estimation by Learning Queries Containment Rates We compare our cardinality estimates with those of the PostgreSQL version 11 cardinality estimation component [1], and the MSCN model [24]
Reference 6
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation 36fdcf56-0761-4168-ad93-367117570d7d · outbound
Improved Cardinality Estimation by Learning Queries Containment Rates Unresolved cited work
Reference 7
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation de17f260-20f8-435b-ae58-a7c539b93e47 · outbound
Improved Cardinality Estimation by Learning Queries Containment Rates Conjunctive queries constitute a broad class of frequently used queries
Reference 8
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation 695845b7-74c2-420d-ba85-6c6fb71e1ddb · outbound
Improved Cardinality Estimation by Learning Queries Containment Rates Unresolved cited work
Reference 9
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation 4c53f186-8493-4c14-94de-8dbf1d3f80e8 · outbound
Improved Cardinality Estimation by Learning Queries Containment Rates Brownlee
Reference 10
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation f56a9a4d-49c5-4090-87d6-ee5e2f56fb98 · outbound
Improved Cardinality Estimation by Learning Queries Containment Rates Unresolved cited work
Reference 11
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation 6fe83a19-0976-446e-a265-e89a35e00d4f · outbound
Improved Cardinality Estimation by Learning Queries Containment Rates Unresolved cited work
Reference 12
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation c4fd9f9d-3e4e-4bfd-b353-dd5a42bc29ab · outbound
Improved Cardinality Estimation by Learning Queries Containment Rates https://www.postgresql.org/
Reference 13
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.
Observation 0ebd83eb-39ec-4e84-abe8-e6e919c8107b · outbound
Improved Cardinality Estimation by Learning Queries Containment Rates Abadi, P
Reference 14
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.
Observation 5c26e34d-4d0c-4b71-8569-3ca03d959df7 · outbound
Improved Cardinality Estimation by Learning Queries Containment Rates In addition to the mentioned cases, there are many other tractable cases [44, 11, 12, 19]
Reference 15
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.
Observation 3db7a398-5e75-4f7d-b7a2-a08c1a90c470 · outbound
Improved Cardinality Estimation by Learning Queries Containment Rates Abiteboul, R
Reference 16
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation ce340791-d9fb-4f68-86c2-13866cff32a0 · outbound
Improved Cardinality Estimation by Learning Queries Containment Rates Unresolved cited work
Reference 17
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation 36053ba4-e7f0-48a2-8b44-7c09cec7f642 · outbound
Improved Cardinality Estimation by Learning Queries Containment Rates Aurelien
Reference 18
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation 4c815d8a-4b2d-4af1-b180-691df5770376 · outbound
Improved Cardinality Estimation by Learning Queries Containment Rates Bogdanova, C
Reference 19
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation 48087392-5d91-46c9-9525-adc194583205 · outbound
Improved Cardinality Estimation by Learning Queries Containment Rates Bordawekar and O
Reference 20
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.
Observation 602898ab-41a4-4f28-8705-11e7ad1e97ce · outbound
Improved Cardinality Estimation by Learning Queries Containment Rates A Fast Unified Model for Parsing and Sentence Understanding
Reference 21
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 1cdb5525-b67a-42be-9c52-4ef172f77c19 · outbound
Improved Cardinality Estimation by Learning Queries Containment Rates Simple set cardinality estimation through random sampling
Reference 22
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.
Observation cedb9274-9476-4ea4-99ab-22677e288fb8 · outbound
Improved Cardinality Estimation by Learning Queries Containment Rates Unresolved cited work
Reference 23
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.
Observation d76bdbc1-ff07-4372-964a-d1ea234521d0 · outbound
Improved Cardinality Estimation by Learning Queries Containment Rates That is, had we trained the MSCN model for its main purpose, with ”independent” queries, we might have ended up with worse results for MSCN
Reference 24
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.
Observation ef2be500-0167-46e8-917b-afaa6367c3cd · outbound
Improved Cardinality Estimation by Learning Queries Containment Rates Unresolved cited work
Reference 25
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.
Observation d5369b6d-c071-4e3a-8b3e-91a2cfaf6a81 · outbound
Improved Cardinality Estimation by Learning Queries Containment Rates Chatzopoulou, M
Reference 26
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.
Observation fee7d289-f003-43c3-886a-18e314aefdc1 · outbound
Improved Cardinality Estimation by Learning Queries Containment Rates Chekuri and A
Reference 27
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.
Observation 0bde8656-f7a5-4b31-9957-567c40985dc7 · outbound
Improved Cardinality Estimation by Learning Queries Containment Rates Empirical Evaluation of Gated Recurrent Neural Networks on Sequence Modeling
Reference 28
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation df258bc6-0295-40e4-961e-09b210e2df39 · outbound
Improved Cardinality Estimation by Learning Queries Containment Rates Clifford and R
Reference 29
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.
Observation 546c5ee0-e811-47f3-a813-284731e2a53d · outbound
Improved Cardinality Estimation by Learning Queries Containment Rates Eirinaki, S
Reference 30
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.
Observation 0aa63076-003d-4b63-bee5-c7fe9bd36c16 · outbound
Improved Cardinality Estimation by Learning Queries Containment Rates Farr´ e, W
Reference 31
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.
Observation 9ea8afab-5291-42a7-98b7-7d8f4a67c8dc · outbound
Improved Cardinality Estimation by Learning Queries Containment Rates Ganapathi, H
Reference 32
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.
Observation 1e89441a-e4f9-4aa8-afc5-073252b28e14 · outbound
Improved Cardinality Estimation by Learning Queries Containment Rates Unresolved cited work
Reference 33
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation f5fdc2fe-e60e-4aa9-b2a3-d587e3279ca4 · outbound
Improved Cardinality Estimation by Learning Queries Containment Rates Unresolved cited work
Reference 34
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation e5ab63df-4868-4b29-bbc7-60b9e3ce1527 · outbound
Improved Cardinality Estimation by Learning Queries Containment Rates Marcus and O
Reference 35
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.
Observation 9380cc2d-73aa-458e-8709-1b4e5cc3b86d · outbound
Improved Cardinality Estimation by Learning Queries Containment Rates Unresolved cited work
Reference 36
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.
Observation b0476836-eaa9-4cb6-ae6d-de5f25d04fd0 · outbound
Improved Cardinality Estimation by Learning Queries Containment Rates Overcoming catastrophic forgetting in neural networks
Reference 37
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 042142fc-896c-4265-a5bd-f227ae3a25bf · outbound
Improved Cardinality Estimation by Learning Queries Containment Rates Kraska, A
Reference 38
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.
Observation da302435-fc99-49a8-934b-9100f1dc709e · outbound
Improved Cardinality Estimation by Learning Queries Containment Rates Learning to Optimize Join Queries With Deep Reinforcement Learning
Reference 39
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 514388eb-fabd-4ebb-8ef0-a7cf77c4ac94 · outbound
Improved Cardinality Estimation by Learning Queries Containment Rates Unresolved cited work
Reference 40
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation f7be6c55-45fd-4445-9c83-2a42bc5357fd · outbound
Improved Cardinality Estimation by Learning Queries Containment Rates Unresolved cited work
Reference 41
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation 94e8c585-606a-497c-b480-783d51a422a1 · outbound
Improved Cardinality Estimation by Learning Queries Containment Rates Unresolved cited work
Reference 42
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation d03dba7d-6342-47f4-bcd5-a920ce2aa17a · outbound
Improved Cardinality Estimation by Learning Queries Containment Rates Unresolved cited work
Reference 43
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.
Observation f01ac36b-9d09-454e-a78b-a6f8945f44f7 · outbound
Improved Cardinality Estimation by Learning Queries Containment Rates Unresolved cited work
Reference 44
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.
Observation 5e82d538-8eaa-4dda-b7ef-dfa21bb4049a · outbound
Improved Cardinality Estimation by Learning Queries Containment Rates Unresolved cited work
Reference 45
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.
Observation 303cd5e2-b8e8-4de9-9392-96cf10865a10 · outbound
Improved Cardinality Estimation by Learning Queries Containment Rates Unresolved cited work
Reference 46
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.
Observation 113236fa-f66b-41d7-baad-ff2d8af287b6 · outbound
Improved Cardinality Estimation by Learning Queries Containment Rates Unresolved cited work
Reference 47
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.
Observation 9b499c86-c89f-4905-ae60-e3e941aba6ba · outbound
Improved Cardinality Estimation by Learning Queries Containment Rates Unresolved cited work
Reference 48
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.
Observation 25f5d4b5-22bb-4522-8350-f8ff6a0f37af · outbound
Improved Cardinality Estimation by Learning Queries Containment Rates Moerkotte, T
Reference 49
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.
Observation cb37ac4f-3ca2-4354-98b1-210c2c29454c · outbound
Improved Cardinality Estimation by Learning Queries Containment Rates Nambiar and M
Reference 50
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.
Observation b4de1f80-6c07-4481-91bf-4f1db13a348f · outbound
Improved Cardinality Estimation by Learning Queries Containment Rates Unresolved cited work
Reference 51
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.
Observation 73130238-ddd9-42a7-9d0d-137e2b198d14 · outbound
Improved Cardinality Estimation by Learning Queries Containment Rates Activation Functions: Comparison of trends in Practice and Research for Deep Learning
Reference 52
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 82a8825e-62e9-4c6b-8673-5f26f20f4b70 · outbound
Improved Cardinality Estimation by Learning Queries Containment Rates Olken and D
Reference 53
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.
Observation 38b8465f-ead9-4f11-8e00-58c2afd41549 · outbound
Improved Cardinality Estimation by Learning Queries Containment Rates Ortiz, M
Reference 54
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.
Observation 71648cbb-bc28-49e1-aefb-91459b1526f3 · outbound
Improved Cardinality Estimation by Learning Queries Containment Rates Prechelt
Reference 55
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.
Observation 0be8fd1e-a3e3-48a6-9db6-c463ec3b1d85 · outbound
Improved Cardinality Estimation by Learning Queries Containment Rates Unresolved cited work
Reference 56
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.
Observation 4640e822-8fbe-454c-b475-b493c278a81f · outbound
Improved Cardinality Estimation by Learning Queries Containment Rates Sagiv and M
Reference 57
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.
Observation 4e1e7de7-a9dd-4d54-a251-7a93097f8a2a · outbound
Improved Cardinality Estimation by Learning Queries Containment Rates Unresolved cited work
Reference 58
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.
Observation 7c971be1-be7e-450e-8e22-537bfefc950d · outbound
Improved Cardinality Estimation by Learning Queries Containment Rates Sirangelo
Reference 60
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.
Observation e3cc367f-9bd0-4796-b2e9-4e4ccab186ef · outbound
Improved Cardinality Estimation by Learning Queries Containment Rates Unresolved cited work
Reference 61
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.
Observation 42f348a7-fa2f-4674-bf56-af4369e08041 · outbound
Improved Cardinality Estimation by Learning Queries Containment Rates Woltmann, C
Reference 62
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.
Observation 89ce10f5-4620-494c-95d4-27e22352b653 · outbound
Improved Cardinality Estimation by Learning Queries Containment Rates Unresolved cited work
Reference 63
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.
Observation bb7bbd98-75f6-47a1-865e-74d045afb62a · outbound
Improved Cardinality Estimation by Learning Queries Containment Rates Unresolved cited work
Reference 1880
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.
Observation f45ca03c-f19d-4e5b-8582-f213ce33377d · inbound
Improved Cardinality Estimation by Learning Queries Containment Rates Improved Cardinality Estimation by Learning Queries Containment Rates
Reference 1
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.