Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-06T22:55:19.386048Z
Paper Citation Record · LEDGER
As of 9 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 62 of 62 outbound references and 0 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2506.20501.
A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.
Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-06T22:55:19.386048Z
One-hop event checks from named stored sources.
Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00
Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links
A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.
Source: cited_works
62 of 62 outbound references displayed
External citation measurements
No source-named external measurement is stored.
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Unidentified and Confounded? Understanding Two-Tower Models for Unbiased Learning to Rank Unresolved cited work
Reference 1
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 194db670-6ba6-4599-8b51-49fe23fa0d78 · outbound
Unidentified and Confounded? Understanding Two-Tower Models for Unbiased Learning to Rank Unresolved cited work
Reference 2
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 5850120f-58e2-4974-aa6c-d5ac5581d8a7 · outbound
Unidentified and Confounded? Understanding Two-Tower Models for Unbiased Learning to Rank Bruce Croft
Reference 3
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 56cec20b-bf51-472e-afee-ec0d6c76b921 · outbound
Unidentified and Confounded? Understanding Two-Tower Models for Unbiased Learning to Rank Unresolved cited work
Reference 4
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation be5c37a7-e26c-48af-b470-40246a68f224 · outbound
Unidentified and Confounded? Understanding Two-Tower Models for Unbiased Learning to Rank Unresolved cited work
Reference 5
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation d46e9660-7dba-4ed6-a9ab-1849f4104b43 · outbound
Unidentified and Confounded? Understanding Two-Tower Models for Unbiased Learning to Rank Unresolved cited work
Reference 6
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 0fca9147-d458-4677-a0c5-9ef9925e730b · outbound
Unidentified and Confounded? Understanding Two-Tower Models for Unbiased Learning to Rank Unresolved cited work
Reference 7
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 80a12951-4969-408e-b609-4dfb4ac48b1c · outbound
Unidentified and Confounded? Understanding Two-Tower Models for Unbiased Learning to Rank Unresolved cited work
Reference 8
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation a2630331-0bf8-4f53-874b-658c330065d1 · outbound
Unidentified and Confounded? Understanding Two-Tower Models for Unbiased Learning to Rank Unresolved cited work
Reference 9
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 21968fe2-5ee5-4fd9-bd6f-86ce1bf75d35 · outbound
Unidentified and Confounded? Understanding Two-Tower Models for Unbiased Learning to Rank Unresolved cited work
Reference 10
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation d956b355-8efc-45d2-8044-6da12455adf6 · outbound
Unidentified and Confounded? Understanding Two-Tower Models for Unbiased Learning to Rank Unresolved cited work
Reference 11
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation e1b2e656-f090-42f1-9a54-ffa17987ce22 · outbound
Unidentified and Confounded? Understanding Two-Tower Models for Unbiased Learning to Rank Unresolved cited work
Reference 12
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation a0a1077e-1170-452f-a8a2-e179955f4a00 · outbound
Unidentified and Confounded? Understanding Two-Tower Models for Unbiased Learning to Rank Unresolved cited work
Reference 13
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 4873e748-cdc6-466b-a331-893146c3feae · outbound
Unidentified and Confounded? Understanding Two-Tower Models for Unbiased Learning to Rank Unresolved cited work
Reference 14
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation da09abf9-5888-4ee6-8ebb-991b96c393ac · outbound
Unidentified and Confounded? Understanding Two-Tower Models for Unbiased Learning to Rank Unresolved cited work
Reference 15
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 36e3916f-1a94-44e4-93bb-d1c7f8517d33 · outbound
Unidentified and Confounded? Understanding Two-Tower Models for Unbiased Learning to Rank Unresolved cited work
Reference 16
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation c71a4dfd-1c9e-437b-968f-d4f35052ccce · outbound
Unidentified and Confounded? Understanding Two-Tower Models for Unbiased Learning to Rank Unresolved cited work
Reference 17
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation c26e7a86-975c-4ca9-aaea-013d4caf212b · outbound
Unidentified and Confounded? Understanding Two-Tower Models for Unbiased Learning to Rank Unresolved cited work
Reference 18
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation db9255a6-a7e1-4d9c-9525-2e1cd954d66e · outbound
Unidentified and Confounded? Understanding Two-Tower Models for Unbiased Learning to Rank Borgwardt, Malte J
Reference 19
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.
Observation 2314772f-6346-48a8-b823-f26e95e61703 · outbound
Unidentified and Confounded? Understanding Two-Tower Models for Unbiased Learning to Rank Unresolved cited work
Reference 20
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation d0dfe3d2-af63-4ba0-b11e-d01290f68b71 · outbound
Unidentified and Confounded? Understanding Two-Tower Models for Unbiased Learning to Rank Unresolved cited work
Reference 21
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 5636d71c-d32f-4a2f-a4fa-9f65083c9cad · outbound
Unidentified and Confounded? Understanding Two-Tower Models for Unbiased Learning to Rank Unresolved cited work
Reference 22
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 8b3818b8-656b-49d7-b98b-33ceea33d38d · outbound
Unidentified and Confounded? Understanding Two-Tower Models for Unbiased Learning to Rank Unresolved cited work
Reference 23
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 3f1da9b7-4eac-4f28-a7ba-cf237d38373f · outbound
Unidentified and Confounded? Understanding Two-Tower Models for Unbiased Learning to Rank Unresolved cited work
Reference 24
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation c56ae215-60fb-48dd-b805-3df2cda5100a · outbound
Unidentified and Confounded? Understanding Two-Tower Models for Unbiased Learning to Rank Unresolved cited work
Reference 25
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.
Observation 465a45a3-146a-42ae-8327-5072938d2eb8 · outbound
Unidentified and Confounded? Understanding Two-Tower Models for Unbiased Learning to Rank Unresolved cited work
Reference 26
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation bf39cc00-334b-4ecb-86cc-9d5414d05681 · outbound
Unidentified and Confounded? Understanding Two-Tower Models for Unbiased Learning to Rank Unresolved cited work
Reference 27
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 671cc4ab-5d52-4a3d-82e9-3954a4071be1 · outbound
Unidentified and Confounded? Understanding Two-Tower Models for Unbiased Learning to Rank Unresolved cited work
Reference 28
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation a94d064a-5297-468f-ad12-d863f4705f41 · outbound
Unidentified and Confounded? Understanding Two-Tower Models for Unbiased Learning to Rank Unresolved cited work
Reference 29
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 760d2e2e-ca26-46b5-8da6-14412ce899b3 · outbound
Unidentified and Confounded? Understanding Two-Tower Models for Unbiased Learning to Rank Personalized Transformer-based Ranking for e-Commerce at Yandex
Reference 30
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation dfd60ab1-517c-4d21-a721-0d31325ef944 · outbound
Unidentified and Confounded? Understanding Two-Tower Models for Unbiased Learning to Rank Unresolved cited work
Reference 31
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 5be86c5e-a4f6-44e0-9fcb-f9b7c32c2361 · outbound
Unidentified and Confounded? Understanding Two-Tower Models for Unbiased Learning to Rank Unresolved cited work
Reference 32
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.
Observation 647890a5-701a-43b2-b30c-798abc9f23ba · outbound
Unidentified and Confounded? Understanding Two-Tower Models for Unbiased Learning to Rank Unresolved cited work
Reference 33
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.
Observation 1149a115-8ad5-4ec5-a160-e0488fb670e3 · outbound
Unidentified and Confounded? Understanding Two-Tower Models for Unbiased Learning to Rank Unresolved cited work
Reference 34
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 85bf8369-cbc9-459a-b1df-6c596006c3a2 · outbound
Unidentified and Confounded? Understanding Two-Tower Models for Unbiased Learning to Rank Muthukrishnan, Vishwa Vinay, and Zheng Wen
Reference 35
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 15aaa81d-5ef0-4f0d-8826-c8c98d6ab4e2 · outbound
Unidentified and Confounded? Understanding Two-Tower Models for Unbiased Learning to Rank Unresolved cited work
Reference 36
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.
Observation 02cf3c02-39a7-431c-8f6a-f956bcabb341 · outbound
Unidentified and Confounded? Understanding Two-Tower Models for Unbiased Learning to Rank Decoupled Weight Decay Regularization
Reference 37
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation b9d59971-797c-47b1-99c6-44c5d7d8a3e4 · outbound
Unidentified and Confounded? Understanding Two-Tower Models for Unbiased Learning to Rank Unresolved cited work
Reference 38
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
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Unidentified and Confounded? Understanding Two-Tower Models for Unbiased Learning to Rank Maddison, Andriy Mnih, and Yee Whye Teh
Reference 39
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation b2fd213a-6c88-452f-bd46-9020b7ab98b9 · outbound
Unidentified and Confounded? Understanding Two-Tower Models for Unbiased Learning to Rank Unresolved cited work
Reference 40
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation a55fb5fb-bae6-4d4c-a6ad-3dac14cef8a2 · outbound
Unidentified and Confounded? Understanding Two-Tower Models for Unbiased Learning to Rank Unresolved cited work
Reference 41
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation ae9f79c8-624c-4d90-a816-af88d0cb3811 · outbound
Unidentified and Confounded? Understanding Two-Tower Models for Unbiased Learning to Rank Introducing LETOR 4.0 Datasets
Reference 42
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation ac1c9066-2048-4db7-b935-42cbf2781229 · outbound
Unidentified and Confounded? Understanding Two-Tower Models for Unbiased Learning to Rank Unresolved cited work
Reference 43
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation acd8f081-c12b-4098-b981-86b1f2cddc91 · outbound
Unidentified and Confounded? Understanding Two-Tower Models for Unbiased Learning to Rank Unresolved cited work
Reference 44
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation d3f48645-9a78-4984-b3b3-2590981ad252 · outbound
Unidentified and Confounded? Understanding Two-Tower Models for Unbiased Learning to Rank Unresolved cited work
Reference 45
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation deed4747-dc5f-4dba-a44e-abe680818506 · outbound
Unidentified and Confounded? Understanding Two-Tower Models for Unbiased Learning to Rank Unresolved cited work
Reference 46
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation 2255a754-faac-45c8-9dec-383674cd81f5 · outbound
Unidentified and Confounded? Understanding Two-Tower Models for Unbiased Learning to Rank Unresolved cited work
Reference 47
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 56eeb4e8-d066-471d-b599-852b2a2ff24f · outbound
Unidentified and Confounded? Understanding Two-Tower Models for Unbiased Learning to Rank Unresolved cited work
Reference 48
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.
Observation 6a8241a2-e05b-48a7-8522-2a3c23c3b798 · outbound
Unidentified and Confounded? Understanding Two-Tower Models for Unbiased Learning to Rank Unresolved cited work
Reference 49
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.
Observation 413f8546-51c8-4fe1-a5a9-c88c5d48e97f · outbound
Unidentified and Confounded? Understanding Two-Tower Models for Unbiased Learning to Rank 1989.Learning from Delayed Rewards
Reference 50
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 868a54ba-3af0-4b4d-b63a-f83d418b9eca · outbound
Unidentified and Confounded? Understanding Two-Tower Models for Unbiased Learning to Rank Unresolved cited work
Reference 51
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 1dd09409-afc3-4c5b-97bc-42155548380a · outbound
Unidentified and Confounded? Understanding Two-Tower Models for Unbiased Learning to Rank Unresolved cited work
Reference 52
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.
Observation 09ef8209-f2df-4a9e-95b1-7a56d83a9161 · outbound
Unidentified and Confounded? Understanding Two-Tower Models for Unbiased Learning to Rank Unresolved cited work
Reference 53
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.
Observation b046711f-4d33-432a-9e4f-381a9a073afd · outbound
Unidentified and Confounded? Understanding Two-Tower Models for Unbiased Learning to Rank Unresolved cited work
Reference 54
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 51a43969-5369-49d9-831b-55d25ce32006 · outbound
Unidentified and Confounded? Understanding Two-Tower Models for Unbiased Learning to Rank Unresolved cited work
Reference 55
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.
Observation d5c4e287-04b9-4608-8c54-bdbb036ecc1d · outbound
Unidentified and Confounded? Understanding Two-Tower Models for Unbiased Learning to Rank Unresolved cited work
Reference 56
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.
Observation f7eb2569-8ea5-4736-8b87-24a127e02620 · outbound
Unidentified and Confounded? Understanding Two-Tower Models for Unbiased Learning to Rank Unresolved cited work
Reference 57
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.
Observation b9245ce7-61d6-4c54-8da3-3a011057543c · outbound
Unidentified and Confounded? Understanding Two-Tower Models for Unbiased Learning to Rank In In- ternational ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval (SIGIR)
Reference 2005
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.
Observation e3c35bc9-1673-4e0b-a1dd-2908007f0c62 · outbound
Unidentified and Confounded? Understanding Two-Tower Models for Unbiased Learning to Rank In The World Wide Web Conference (WWW)
Reference 2019
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.
Observation f3b5951c-df60-484b-a9aa-2a4cc9e9c2bd · outbound
Unidentified and Confounded? Understanding Two-Tower Models for Unbiased Learning to Rank In International Conference on Web Search and Data Mining (WSDM)
Reference 2020
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 2671bfd0-993f-4ca2-aca1-21a3bd31489f · outbound
Unidentified and Confounded? Understanding Two-Tower Models for Unbiased Learning to Rank In Proceedings of the 46th International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval (SIGIR)
Reference 2023
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 2c95cbf2-a8b6-4adf-a700-2a6aac6bf863 · outbound
Unidentified and Confounded? Understanding Two-Tower Models for Unbiased Learning to Rank In Proceedings of the 17th ACM International Conference on Web Search and Data Mining (WSDM)
Reference 2024
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.
No inbound Pith citation observations are available.