Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Performance Analysis and Comparison of Distributed Machine Learning Systems

As of 20 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 37 of 37 outbound references and 1 inbound Pith citation observation for arXiv:1909.02061.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
1909.02061 v1

Coverage vector

measured 37 of 37 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-14T05:07:20.063003Z

measured 38 of 38 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00

measured 1 of 1 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-11T10:48:29.761690Z

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: pith, observed 2026-08-11T10:48:30.480695Z

Reference resolution

37 of 37 outbound references displayed

verified exact2
verified fuzzy24
unresolved11
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier0
metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation 05decc66-0b8b-4792-a630-0214e2233f3f · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Performance Analysis and Comparison of Distributed Machine Learning Systems Unresolved cited work

Reference 1

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T05:07:20.510313Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

Observation e77a8a88-223f-429f-aa09-9b4d6bb72bf7 · outbound

This paper cites Tensorﬂow: A system for large- scale machine learning,.

Performance Analysis and Comparison of Distributed Machine Learning Systems Tensorﬂow: A system for large- scale machine learning,

Reference 2

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T05:07:20.498741Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

Observation f11dfbd3-3701-478f-80f7-eb45297f14da · outbound

This paper cites Horovod: fast and easy distributed deep learning in TensorFlow.

Performance Analysis and Comparison of Distributed Machine Learning Systems Horovod: fast and easy distributed deep learning in TensorFlow

Reference 3

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T05:07:19.922973Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 87dbfa26-675d-4f6d-a624-39d2b16ef19e · outbound

This paper cites Zhang, Intro to Distributed Deep Learning Systems.

Performance Analysis and Comparison of Distributed Machine Learning Systems Zhang, Intro to Distributed Deep Learning Systems

Reference 4

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T05:07:20.487527Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

Observation 6533a3eb-d96d-4f5c-bc46-8c13d45830e6 · outbound

This paper cites Demystifying Parallel and Distributed Deep Learning: An In-Depth Concurrency Analysis.

Performance Analysis and Comparison of Distributed Machine Learning Systems Demystifying Parallel and Distributed Deep Learning: An In-Depth Concurrency Analysis

Reference 5

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T05:07:19.931578Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation e4e51057-7150-4ec3-9f9e-4c4692c4bec6 · outbound

This paper cites Revisiting Distributed Synchronous SGD.

Performance Analysis and Comparison of Distributed Machine Learning Systems Revisiting Distributed Synchronous SGD

Reference 6

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T05:07:19.936190Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 881c4d57-b762-43af-804d-019da929a37d · outbound

This paper cites Artiﬁcial neural network — Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia,.

Performance Analysis and Comparison of Distributed Machine Learning Systems Artiﬁcial neural network — Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia,

Reference 7

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T05:07:20.475879Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

Observation 61572804-445d-4340-a747-39fa28e4b8d7 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Performance Analysis and Comparison of Distributed Machine Learning Systems Unresolved cited work

Reference 8

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T05:07:20.464227Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

Observation 4f2806a1-9815-401c-a538-dcfb7b31d8db · outbound

This paper cites Learning in- ternal representations by error propagation,.

Performance Analysis and Comparison of Distributed Machine Learning Systems Learning in- ternal representations by error propagation,

Reference 9

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T05:07:20.453093Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

Observation 696f6c43-6eed-42d6-b597-047367e347c2 · outbound

This paper cites Malt: distributed data- parallelism for existing ml applications,.

Performance Analysis and Comparison of Distributed Machine Learning Systems Malt: distributed data- parallelism for existing ml applications,

Reference 10

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T05:07:20.441243Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

Observation 1ca03ee4-e847-490a-9c43-17b123f79ed8 · outbound

This paper cites Large-scale machine learning with stochastic gradient de- scent,.

Performance Analysis and Comparison of Distributed Machine Learning Systems Large-scale machine learning with stochastic gradient de- scent,

Reference 11

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T05:07:20.430013Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

Observation ea21ae73-309d-46a8-8827-14b681a0a652 · outbound

This paper cites A parameter communication optimization strategy for distributed machine learning in sensors,.

Performance Analysis and Comparison of Distributed Machine Learning Systems A parameter communication optimization strategy for distributed machine learning in sensors,

Reference 12

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T05:07:20.418675Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

Observation 8611f757-8ca2-4544-b128-43c251c3dcdd · outbound

This paper cites A bridging model for parallel computation,.

Performance Analysis and Comparison of Distributed Machine Learning Systems A bridging model for parallel computation,

Reference 13

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T05:07:19.966279Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 9d73ad30-da78-4e96-a5a8-e8b09438ea55 · outbound

This paper cites Strategies and principles of distributed machine learning on big data,.

Performance Analysis and Comparison of Distributed Machine Learning Systems Strategies and principles of distributed machine learning on big data,

Reference 14

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T05:07:20.400849Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

Observation aa58a2dd-4d5c-44b0-943f-b75dd580ed58 · outbound

This paper cites More effective distributed ml via a stale synchronous parallel parameter server,.

Performance Analysis and Comparison of Distributed Machine Learning Systems More effective distributed ml via a stale synchronous parallel parameter server,

Reference 15

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T05:07:20.389785Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

Observation 3833f28e-0dd9-4d3e-8da8-15fd6b7c8832 · outbound

This paper cites A comparison of distributed machine learning platforms,.

Performance Analysis and Comparison of Distributed Machine Learning Systems A comparison of distributed machine learning platforms,

Reference 16

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T05:07:20.379087Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

Observation 632ca10d-f292-4f19-bb39-7e855fbb7fcb · outbound

This paper cites An architecture for parallel topic models,.

Performance Analysis and Comparison of Distributed Machine Learning Systems An architecture for parallel topic models,

Reference 17

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T05:07:20.368285Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

Observation 37a712ba-f540-4693-a1f9-f1d4a8161a28 · outbound

This paper cites Large scale distributed deep networks,.

Performance Analysis and Comparison of Distributed Machine Learning Systems Large scale distributed deep networks,

Reference 18

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T05:07:20.357015Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

Observation 265b062d-1e85-4970-8975-d3467189e2c2 · outbound

This paper cites Scaling distributed machine learning with the parameter server.

Performance Analysis and Comparison of Distributed Machine Learning Systems Scaling distributed machine learning with the parameter server

Reference 19

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T05:07:20.346062Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

Observation f409350f-8582-49a8-996d-93865a5d01cb · outbound

This paper cites Communication efﬁcient distributed machine learning with the parameter server,.

Performance Analysis and Comparison of Distributed Machine Learning Systems Communication efﬁcient distributed machine learning with the parameter server,

Reference 20

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T05:07:20.334820Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

Observation bc2f3683-451e-4b5a-b259-428f63f4c6ca · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Performance Analysis and Comparison of Distributed Machine Learning Systems Unresolved cited work

Reference 21

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T05:07:20.323634Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

Observation 8b0c06da-5deb-443c-b86b-5df654dcae37 · outbound

This paper cites Firecaffe: near-linear acceleration of deep neural network training on compute clusters,.

Performance Analysis and Comparison of Distributed Machine Learning Systems Firecaffe: near-linear acceleration of deep neural network training on compute clusters,

Reference 22

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T05:07:20.312050Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

Observation 172c66cf-4698-497b-b442-b6486dcd5ea2 · outbound

This paper cites Petuum: A framework for iterative-convergent distributed ml,.

Performance Analysis and Comparison of Distributed Machine Learning Systems Petuum: A framework for iterative-convergent distributed ml,

Reference 23

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T05:07:20.299539Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

Observation 8f89569d-a537-49e1-8c6d-f1fb56fe9c86 · outbound

This paper cites Exploiting bounded staleness to speed up big data analytics.

Performance Analysis and Comparison of Distributed Machine Learning Systems Exploiting bounded staleness to speed up big data analytics

Reference 24

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T05:07:20.287767Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

Observation d16a2caa-baad-479b-be45-aca36efd3a53 · outbound

This paper cites Big data: the driver for innovation in databases,.

Performance Analysis and Comparison of Distributed Machine Learning Systems Big data: the driver for innovation in databases,

Reference 25

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T05:07:20.275970Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

Observation 745316ad-950b-44ad-9d15-9e765b307f78 · outbound

This paper cites Effect of data skewness and workload balance in parallel data mining,.

Performance Analysis and Comparison of Distributed Machine Learning Systems Effect of data skewness and workload balance in parallel data mining,

Reference 26

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T05:07:20.264173Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

Observation b8067ece-b4fd-42eb-b61f-a825430086d8 · outbound

This paper cites Scalable inference in latent variable models,.

Performance Analysis and Comparison of Distributed Machine Learning Systems Scalable inference in latent variable models,

Reference 27

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T05:07:20.252403Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

Observation d6771bd5-9273-4c85-8e82-432c07d324b3 · outbound

This paper cites Bandwidth optimal all-reduce algorithms for clusters of workstations,.

Performance Analysis and Comparison of Distributed Machine Learning Systems Bandwidth optimal all-reduce algorithms for clusters of workstations,

Reference 28

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T05:07:20.026811Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 30b95558-91ea-442f-9ced-a65b5ae147b7 · outbound

This paper cites baidu-research/tensorﬂow-allreduce,.

Performance Analysis and Comparison of Distributed Machine Learning Systems baidu-research/tensorﬂow-allreduce,

Reference 29

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T05:07:20.233741Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

Observation 9d959276-0361-494f-bb21-be29af478dec · outbound

This paper cites Open mpi: Goals, concept, and design of a next generation mpi implementation,.

Performance Analysis and Comparison of Distributed Machine Learning Systems Open mpi: Goals, concept, and design of a next generation mpi implementation,

Reference 30

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T05:07:20.221810Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

Observation 869dd15b-2eae-4f69-93ad-2f1859aa6f75 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Performance Analysis and Comparison of Distributed Machine Learning Systems Unresolved cited work

Reference 31

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T05:07:20.209265Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

Observation 8ff9fe04-9f28-4cf9-ad65-a12732bae3b2 · outbound

This paper cites MNIST handwritten digit database,.

Performance Analysis and Comparison of Distributed Machine Learning Systems MNIST handwritten digit database,

Reference 32

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T05:07:20.043115Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 295a913f-1533-4514-9752-1c0bd46dc980 · outbound

This paper cites MXNet: A Flexible and Efficient Machine Learning Library for Heterogeneous Distributed Systems.

Performance Analysis and Comparison of Distributed Machine Learning Systems MXNet: A Flexible and Efficient Machine Learning Library for Heterogeneous Distributed Systems

Reference 33

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T05:07:20.046833Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 760a2b51-30b4-4e68-abdf-67d4ad015897 · outbound

This paper cites Petuum: A new platform for distributed machine learning on big data,.

Performance Analysis and Comparison of Distributed Machine Learning Systems Petuum: A new platform for distributed machine learning on big data,

Reference 34

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T05:07:20.190826Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

Observation fa7ddfcd-96ed-4cac-8452-6b1460d8922e · outbound

This paper cites Understanding and Optimizing the Performance of Distributed Machine Learning Applications on Apache Spark.

Performance Analysis and Comparison of Distributed Machine Learning Systems Understanding and Optimizing the Performance of Distributed Machine Learning Applications on Apache Spark

Reference 35

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-14T05:07:20.119286Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

Observation d7695809-8895-4654-a693-295390cd9fec · outbound

This paper cites Performance Modeling of Distributed Deep Neural Networks.

Performance Analysis and Comparison of Distributed Machine Learning Systems Performance Modeling of Distributed Deep Neural Networks

Reference 36

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-14T05:07:20.102149Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

Observation 974474c6-94da-4dd0-bb92-376177ea4ff1 · outbound

This paper cites Optimizing network performance in distributed machine learning.

Performance Analysis and Comparison of Distributed Machine Learning Systems Optimizing network performance in distributed machine learning

Reference 37

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T05:07:20.178569Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

Pith citing papers

Observation c1489b34-f788-4e50-887c-12463178d1fd · inbound

Accelerated Methods with Compressed Communications for Distributed Optimization Problems under Data Similarity cites this paper.

Accelerated Methods with Compressed Communications for Distributed Optimization Problems under Data Similarity Performance Analysis and Comparison of Distributed Machine Learning Systems

Reference 8

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-11T10:48:30.487406Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.