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Detection of weak gravitational lensing distortions of distant galaxies by cosmic dark matter at large scales
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Most of the matter in the universe is not luminous and can be observed directly only through its gravitational effect. An emerging technique called weak gravitational lensing uses background galaxies to reveal the foreground dark matter distribution on large scales. Light from very distant galaxies travels to us through many intervening overdensities which gravitationally distort their apparent shapes. The observed ellipticity pattern of these distant galaxies thus encodes information about the large-scale structure of the universe, but attempts to measure this effect have been inconclusive due to systematic errors. We report the first detection of this ``cosmic shear'' using 145,000 background galaxies to reveal the dark matter distribution on angular scales up to half a degree in three separate lines of sight. The observed angular dependence of this effect is consistent with that predicted by two leading cosmological models, providing new and independent support for these models.
Forward citations
Cited by 5 Pith papers
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KiDS-Legacy: The consistency test of the large-scale structure with Bernardeau-Nishimichi-Taruya transform
BNT k-cuts on KiDS-Legacy give S8=0.798±0.045 (theory covariance) with no nonlinear bias, while observed-data covariance produces a mild low-k preference for lower S8.
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Dark Energy Survey Year 3 Results: Cosmological Constraints from Galaxy Clustering and Weak Lensing
DES Y3 3x2pt analysis constrains S8=0.776±0.017 and Ωm=0.339±0.032 in flat ΛCDM, consistent with Planck CMB results at p=0.13-0.48.
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UNIONS-3500 Weak Lensing: III. 2D Cosmological Constraints in Configuration Space
UNIONS-3500 weak lensing data yields S_8 = 0.831^{+0.067}_{-0.078} in flat LCDM from 2D cosmic shear, consistent with Planck within 1 sigma.
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Weak Lensing with SKAO: Cosmic Shear Cosmology
Forecasts indicate SKAO cosmic shear can constrain S8 to 5% alone and 3% combined with LSST or Euclid, with added benefits from polarization and kinematics for separating lensing signals.
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Line-of-sight shear in SLACS strong lenses II: validation tests with an extended sample
Line-of-sight shear in 45 SLACS lenses is often larger than N-body expectations (mean |γ_LOS| ≈ 0.085–0.11), and adding mass octupoles or checking image properties does not remove the excess.
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