Stein's Method for Tempered Stable Distributions

In this article, we develop Stein characterization for two-sided tempered stable distribution. Stein characterizations for normal, gamma, Laplace, and variance-gamma distributions already known in the literature follow easily. One can also derive Stein characterizations for more difficult distributions such as the distribution of product of two normal random variables, a difference between two gamma random variables. Using the semigroup approach, we obtain estimates of the solution to Stein equation. Finally, we apply these estimates to obtain error bounds in the Wasserstein-type distance for tempered stable approximation in three well-known problems: comparison between two tempered stable distributions, Laplace approximation of random geometric sums, and six moment theorem for the symmetric variance-gamma approximation of functionals of double Wiener-It$\ddot{\text{o}}$ integrals. We also compare our results with the existing literature.