Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-16T12:15:29.811319Z
Paper Citation Record · LEDGER
As of 23 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 45 of 45 outbound references and 1 inbound Pith citation observation for arXiv:2504.13455.
A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.
Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-16T12:15:29.811319Z
One-hop event checks from named stored sources.
Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00
Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-07-15T12:38:06.560512Z
A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.
Source: cited_works
45 of 45 outbound references displayed
External citation measurements
No source-named external measurement is stored.
Observation 2ce82ce7-f84a-4f3f-badd-9b30147fe9a4 · outbound
Modular XL-Array-Enabled 3-D Localization based on Hybrid Spherical-Planar Wave Model in Terahertz Systems Service-aware 6G: An intelligent and open network based on the convergence of communication, computing and caching,
Reference 1
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 99eea574-e9ec-410b-9bf1-619832774766 · outbound
Modular XL-Array-Enabled 3-D Localization based on Hybrid Spherical-Planar Wave Model in Terahertz Systems 6G wireless networks: Vision, requirements, architecture, and key technologies,
Reference 2
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation cf258d16-c607-4522-b7da-09251569d641 · outbound
Modular XL-Array-Enabled 3-D Localization based on Hybrid Spherical-Planar Wave Model in Terahertz Systems Cellular- connected wireless virtual reality: Requirements, challenges, and solu- tions,
Reference 3
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 74cac01f-3480-4250-a6fa-8135fe18f421 · outbound
Modular XL-Array-Enabled 3-D Localization based on Hybrid Spherical-Planar Wave Model in Terahertz Systems Survey of wireless indoor positioning techniques and systems,
Reference 4
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation d8f09374-2598-4f75-a243-3c6dbf2eab84 · outbound
Modular XL-Array-Enabled 3-D Localization based on Hybrid Spherical-Planar Wave Model in Terahertz Systems Indoor tracking: Theory, methods, and technologies,
Reference 5
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 0bdd6f8f-2d1a-4fe9-80b8-a32fd5d7acc2 · outbound
Modular XL-Array-Enabled 3-D Localization based on Hybrid Spherical-Planar Wave Model in Terahertz Systems 3-D indoor positioning for millimeter-wave massive MIMO systems,
Reference 6
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation c8863844-a4a0-4376-9232-508138421171 · outbound
Modular XL-Array-Enabled 3-D Localization based on Hybrid Spherical-Planar Wave Model in Terahertz Systems Millimeter- wave MIMO-NOMA-based positioning system for internet-of-things applications,
Reference 7
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 338741ee-755e-4e88-89e9-6829a61e5c12 · outbound
Modular XL-Array-Enabled 3-D Localization based on Hybrid Spherical-Planar Wave Model in Terahertz Systems RIS-Aided Localization Algorithm and Analysis: Tackling Non-Gaussian Angle Estimation Errors
Reference 8
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation b45dc6ea-b54c-4766-8de9-6d6215264fea · outbound
Modular XL-Array-Enabled 3-D Localization based on Hybrid Spherical-Planar Wave Model in Terahertz Systems Fingerprint-based mmwave positioning system aided by reconfigurable intelligent surface,
Reference 9
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 190858b6-42a1-4bb9-b80b-6e0b3c5c0cd3 · outbound
Modular XL-Array-Enabled 3-D Localization based on Hybrid Spherical-Planar Wave Model in Terahertz Systems Joint angle estimation error analysis and 3-D positioning algorithm design for mmwave positioning system,
Reference 10
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 6f21588e-51a2-4259-a243-b3c6504e722c · outbound
Modular XL-Array-Enabled 3-D Localization based on Hybrid Spherical-Planar Wave Model in Terahertz Systems Exploit high-dimensional RIS information to local- ization: What is the impact of faulty element?
Reference 11
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation aeb0710f-0444-4e1c-865b-7d25620ab95f · outbound
Modular XL-Array-Enabled 3-D Localization based on Hybrid Spherical-Planar Wave Model in Terahertz Systems Be- yond 5G: Thz-based medium access protocol for mobile heterogeneous networks,
Reference 12
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 3004410f-e3b7-4e4f-98c3-67363dd35255 · outbound
Modular XL-Array-Enabled 3-D Localization based on Hybrid Spherical-Planar Wave Model in Terahertz Systems Wireless communications and applications above 100 GHz: Opportunities and challenges for 6G and beyond,
Reference 13
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 15c16dd2-2727-471c-9aac-31ba4e99ca9d · outbound
Modular XL-Array-Enabled 3-D Localization based on Hybrid Spherical-Planar Wave Model in Terahertz Systems A survey on terahertz communications,
Reference 14
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 1c68c229-0937-4240-88dc-52e412cea050 · outbound
Modular XL-Array-Enabled 3-D Localization based on Hybrid Spherical-Planar Wave Model in Terahertz Systems Millimeter wave and terahertz urban microcell propagation measurements and models,
Reference 15
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 3ad46ca1-f289-4b6a-b45c-9455a8398fd8 · outbound
Modular XL-Array-Enabled 3-D Localization based on Hybrid Spherical-Planar Wave Model in Terahertz Systems Position location for futuristic cellular communications: 5G and beyond,
Reference 16
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation e9323d13-d35f-4d63-85d4-9f49a378c8d1 · outbound
Modular XL-Array-Enabled 3-D Localization based on Hybrid Spherical-Planar Wave Model in Terahertz Systems Fraunhofer and fresnel distances: Unified derivation for aperture antennas,
Reference 17
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation b144b800-4979-4b38-bdb5-33299f69bf8e · outbound
Modular XL-Array-Enabled 3-D Localization based on Hybrid Spherical-Planar Wave Model in Terahertz Systems Channel estimation for extremely large-scale MIMO: Far-field or near-field?
Reference 18
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation d90f764c-1120-44e3-9c53-781f8c7a7261 · outbound
Modular XL-Array-Enabled 3-D Localization based on Hybrid Spherical-Planar Wave Model in Terahertz Systems Toward extra large-scale MIMO: New channel properties and low-cost designs,
Reference 19
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 8b0345f5-b172-4aeb-8792-6dd3534783d1 · outbound
Modular XL-Array-Enabled 3-D Localization based on Hybrid Spherical-Planar Wave Model in Terahertz Systems A tutorial on extremely large-scale MIMO for 6G: Fundamentals, signal processing, and applications,
Reference 20
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 79196978-8786-4403-a503-f86b189f7d5a · outbound
Modular XL-Array-Enabled 3-D Localization based on Hybrid Spherical-Planar Wave Model in Terahertz Systems Near-field localization with a reconfigurable intelligent surface acting as lens,
Reference 21
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation b0cb1ddc-b5f1-4211-82bb-936e3330a308 · outbound
Modular XL-Array-Enabled 3-D Localization based on Hybrid Spherical-Planar Wave Model in Terahertz Systems Reconfigurable in- telligent surfaces for localization: Position and orientation error bounds,
Reference 22
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 169557cf-da32-4e83-a746-343743cfb19c · outbound
Modular XL-Array-Enabled 3-D Localization based on Hybrid Spherical-Planar Wave Model in Terahertz Systems RIS-enabled localization continuity under near-field conditions,
Reference 23
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 283253ad-7308-45b4-92e0-7371898c3a0a · outbound
Modular XL-Array-Enabled 3-D Localization based on Hybrid Spherical-Planar Wave Model in Terahertz Systems Compressive near-field localization for multipath RIS-aided environments,
Reference 24
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 2a368d1f-9c6c-4208-9d9a-6b6918fac8ca · outbound
Modular XL-Array-Enabled 3-D Localization based on Hybrid Spherical-Planar Wave Model in Terahertz Systems Mixed near-field and far-field source localization based on exact spatial propagation geometry,
Reference 25
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 6751d294-9929-4a45-ace6-d737d095636e · outbound
Modular XL-Array-Enabled 3-D Localization based on Hybrid Spherical-Planar Wave Model in Terahertz Systems Mixed near-field and far-field localization and array calibration with partly calibrated arrays,
Reference 26
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation ade92c4d-012d-4301-bdee-8d2fc284589e · outbound
Modular XL-Array-Enabled 3-D Localization based on Hybrid Spherical-Planar Wave Model in Terahertz Systems RIS-aided near-field localization and channel estimation for the terahertz system,
Reference 27
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 2103ea61-faff-490a-807a-a0b8e67bae08 · outbound
Modular XL-Array-Enabled 3-D Localization based on Hybrid Spherical-Planar Wave Model in Terahertz Systems Low- complexity channel estimation for extremely large-scale MIMO in near field,
Reference 28
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 7b8bfe93-33d4-49d7-ab71-bbb7746c285e · outbound
Modular XL-Array-Enabled 3-D Localization based on Hybrid Spherical-Planar Wave Model in Terahertz Systems Near-field localization and channel reconstruction for ELAA systems,
Reference 29
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation c07d681d-5db2-4097-88d5-7ceeb7df6aa3 · outbound
Modular XL-Array-Enabled 3-D Localization based on Hybrid Spherical-Planar Wave Model in Terahertz Systems Spatial non- stationary near-field channel modeling and validation for massive MIMO systems,
Reference 30
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 30c2e234-8d38-4da5-8e68-72057ce5731d · outbound
Modular XL-Array-Enabled 3-D Localization based on Hybrid Spherical-Planar Wave Model in Terahertz Systems Multi-user modular XL-MIMO communications: Near-field beam focusing pattern and user grouping,
Reference 31
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 9c13721e-6324-4257-a58a-3baeb16b0228 · outbound
Modular XL-Array-Enabled 3-D Localization based on Hybrid Spherical-Planar Wave Model in Terahertz Systems Near-field modeling and performance analysis of modular extremely large-scale array commu- nications,
Reference 32
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation d0c1c7ff-a0f4-4d2f-ad80-e79011b1e630 · outbound
Modular XL-Array-Enabled 3-D Localization based on Hybrid Spherical-Planar Wave Model in Terahertz Systems Alternating minimization algorithms for hybrid precoding in millimeter wave MIMO systems,
Reference 33
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation ba4c1bbf-1006-43f2-ab6a-665ac7ea0c5d · outbound
Modular XL-Array-Enabled 3-D Localization based on Hybrid Spherical-Planar Wave Model in Terahertz Systems Spatially sparse precoding in millimeter wave MIMO systems,
Reference 34
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 4cb6fc07-f925-4eec-b748-1114e5669742 · outbound
Modular XL-Array-Enabled 3-D Localization based on Hybrid Spherical-Planar Wave Model in Terahertz Systems Hybrid precoding design for near-field wideband THz systems with spatial non-stationarity,
Reference 35
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 33ad02e3-424c-4ff1-8e29-a011b8d7e42f · outbound
Modular XL-Array-Enabled 3-D Localization based on Hybrid Spherical-Planar Wave Model in Terahertz Systems High-resolution AoA estima- tion for hybrid antenna arrays,
Reference 36
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 1864e7dc-4f5d-4016-8c36-581ba5bf4eaf · outbound
Modular XL-Array-Enabled 3-D Localization based on Hybrid Spherical-Planar Wave Model in Terahertz Systems Low- complexity and high-resolution DOA estimation for hybrid analog and digital massive MIMO receive array,
Reference 37
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation e799a970-2a37-4249-9e85-3d6e2f4edbcc · outbound
Modular XL-Array-Enabled 3-D Localization based on Hybrid Spherical-Planar Wave Model in Terahertz Systems Direction-of-arrival estimation for large antenna arrays with hybrid analog and digital architectures,
Reference 38
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 070bae98-091b-41ff-bde7-5f2b40059c0e · outbound
Modular XL-Array-Enabled 3-D Localization based on Hybrid Spherical-Planar Wave Model in Terahertz Systems Cross-field channel esti- mation for ultra massive-MIMO THz systems,
Reference 39
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 7a4f4b1a-733c-4b3b-bf43-4ff0c0c25752 · outbound
Modular XL-Array-Enabled 3-D Localization based on Hybrid Spherical-Planar Wave Model in Terahertz Systems Can far-field beam training be deployed for cross-field beam alignment in terahertz UM-MIMO communications?
Reference 40
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation e1fa461a-be51-48cc-9ce8-d3419024b6ed · outbound
Modular XL-Array-Enabled 3-D Localization based on Hybrid Spherical-Planar Wave Model in Terahertz Systems Sensing user’s activity, channel, and location with near-field extra-large-scale MIMO,
Reference 41
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation e3182d88-d877-4a26-aa6e-056cc8d235fb · outbound
Modular XL-Array-Enabled 3-D Localization based on Hybrid Spherical-Planar Wave Model in Terahertz Systems Machine Learning-based Near-field Emitter Location Sensing via Grouped Hybrid Analog and Digital XL-MIMO Receive Array
Reference 42
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation a4537c71-8740-4d5c-894a-2b65ba3b688f · outbound
Modular XL-Array-Enabled 3-D Localization based on Hybrid Spherical-Planar Wave Model in Terahertz Systems Multi-ray channel modeling and wideband characterization for wireless communications in the terahertz band,
Reference 43
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 8598265e-c6d9-477d-86b1-68f861948086 · outbound
Modular XL-Array-Enabled 3-D Localization based on Hybrid Spherical-Planar Wave Model in Terahertz Systems Sum-rate maximization for intelligent reflecting surface assisted terahertz communications,
Reference 44
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 00270a6e-3ff1-4ab7-99c6-e10ca4e9b289 · outbound
Modular XL-Array-Enabled 3-D Localization based on Hybrid Spherical-Planar Wave Model in Terahertz Systems A distance and bandwidth dependent adaptive modulation scheme for THz commu- nications,
Reference 45
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation d7b76865-94cc-4e5b-98e0-4f7c2df4043d · inbound
Nonlinearity Compensation for Coherent Optical Satellite Communications Modular XL-Array-Enabled 3-D Localization based on Hybrid Spherical-Planar Wave Model in Terahertz Systems
Reference 3
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.