Pith. sign in

REVIEW 1 major objections 3 minor 2 cited by

Search for the Higgs boson decay to a $Z$ boson and a photon in $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV and $13.6$ TeV with the ATLAS detector

T0 review · 1 major / 3 minor · reviewed 2026-08-06 · deepseek-v4-flash

Challenge this review Re-run · record.json Download PDF Read on arXiv ↗

Pith's one-line read This paper reports a search for the rare Higgs boson decay $H\to Z\gamma$ in the dilepton-plus-photon final state, and claims a combined measurement consistent with the Standard Model with the most precise expected sensitivity to date.

desk verdict ATLAS's Run-3 H→Zγ search is a careful, internally consistent update that delivers the most sensitive expected limit to date; the 2.5σ observed excess is SM-consistent and the only real soft spot is the narrow coverage of the background-template systematics. read the letter →

arxiv 2507.12598 v2 pith:HPQVKH26 submitted 2025-07-16 hep-ex

ATLAS Collaboration This is my paper
classification hep-ex
keywords HiggsbosonZgammadecayraresignalstrengthmaximum-likelihoodfitdouble-sidedCrystalBall13.6TeVproton-protoncollisionsStandardModelconsistency
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal

The pith

A machine-rendered reading of the paper's core claim, the machinery that carries it, and where it could break.

The reading

The paper searches for the rare, loop-induced Higgs boson decay $H\to Z\gamma$ in events where the $Z$ decays to an electron or muon pair and a photon. Using 165 fb$^{-1}$ of 13.6 TeV proton-proton collisions, and combining this with the earlier 140 fb$^{-1}$ 13 TeV search, it measures a signal strength of $\mu=1.3^{+0.6}_{-0.5}$ with an observed significance of $2.5\sigma$, close to the $1.9\sigma$ expected. This is consistent with the Standard Model prediction and provides the most stringent expected sensitivity to date for this decay. The result matters because new charged particles in the loop could shift the $H\to Z\gamma$ rate relative to $H\to\gamma\gamma$, so a precise measurement is a sensitive test of physics beyond the Standard Model.

What carries the argument

The central object is the reconstructed invariant mass $m_{Z\gamma}$ of the lepton-pair-plus-photon system. The signal is modelled in each of 13 exclusive event categories by a double-sided Crystal Ball function, while the background is described by analytic functions selected through a spurious-signal study applied to templates built from simulated $Z\gamma$ events and data-driven $Z$+jets events. Twelve of the categories are defined with XGBoost-based classifiers, and one dedicated multi-lepton category targets Higgs production in association with a vector boson or a top-quark pair. A simultaneous unbinned extended maximum-likelihood fit to the $m_{Z\gamma}$ distributions extracts the signal strength.

What would settle it

Repeat the spurious-signal study with several times larger simulated background samples and replace the smoothed background templates with the unsmoothed templates; if the best-fit signal strength in the 120-130 GeV window shifts by more than the assigned spurious-signal uncertainty, the background-modelling assumption behind the measured excess would be falsified.

Watch

Extended reading notes

Core claim

This paper claims that the decay $H\to Z\gamma$, searched in the $\ell\ell\gamma$ final state with $\ell=e,\mu$, is present in the combined 13 TeV and 13.6 TeV datasets at a rate consistent with the Standard Model. The combined best-fit signal strength is $\mu=1.3^{+0.6}_{-0.5}$, with an observed (expected) significance of $2.5\sigma$ ($1.9\sigma$); the standalone Run-3 measurement is $\mu=0.9^{+0.7}_{-0.6}$, corresponding to observed (expected) significance of $1.4\sigma$ ($1.5\sigma$). The combination is stated to provide the most stringent expected sensitivity to date for this decay. Under the Standard Model production cross-sections, it corresponds to an observed branching fraction of $(2.0^{+0.9}_{-0.8})\times10^{-3}$, compared with the predicted $(1.54^{+0.10}_{-0.11})\times10^{-3}$.

Load-bearing premise

The search assumes that the fitted background curves in the 120-130 GeV window, together with the size of the spurious-signal uncertainty estimated from limited simulation samples, fully cover any residual mismodelling of the $m_{Z\gamma}$ spectrum.

Editorial extensions

If this is right

  • The measured signal strength $\mu=1.3^{+0.6}_{-0.5}$ is compatible with the Standard Model value $\mu=1.0$, so the data do not establish a new-physics contribution to this decay.
  • The observed significance of $2.5\sigma$ is below the $5\sigma$ evidence threshold, so the decay is not yet definitively observed in this dataset alone.
  • Assuming Standard Model production cross-sections, the measurement translates to a branching fraction $(2.0^{+0.9}_{-0.8})\times10^{-3}$, consistent with the predicted $(1.54^{+0.10}_{-0.11})\times10^{-3}$.
  • The combined expected sensitivity surpasses the previous two-experiment combination of Run-2 data, making this the most precise expected constraint on the $H\to Z\gamma$ rate to date.

Reading between the lines

Editorial extensions of the paper, not claims the author makes directly.

  • Editorial extension: if the central value remains above the Standard Model as more 13.6 TeV data accumulate, the ratio of $H\to Z\gamma$ to $H\to\gamma\gamma$ branching fractions would become the most discriminating single observable for charged new particles in the loop.
  • Editorial extension: combining this measurement with the other experiment's Run-3 search could push the combined significance past the evidence threshold, provided the background-modelling systematics scale down with the larger sample.
  • Editorial extension: the new multi-lepton category isolates Higgs production with a vector boson or a top-quark pair, so with additional data it could be subdivided to measure production-mode-specific $H\to Z\gamma$ couplings, a sharper new-physics test than the inclusive rate.
Share X Bluesky LinkedIn Reddit HN

Editorial analysis

A structured set of objections, weighed in public.

Desk editor's note, referee report, and a circularity audit.

Referee Report

1 major / 3 minor

Summary. This paper reports a search for the Higgs boson decay H→Zγ in the ℓℓγ final state using 165 fb−1 of √s=13.6 TeV pp collision data recorded by ATLAS in 2022–2024, and combines the result with the earlier 140 fb−1 Run-2 search. The Run-3-only fit gives μ=0.9+0.7−0.6 (expected 1.0±0.7), corresponding to an observed (expected) significance of 1.4σ (1.5σ). The combined Run-2+Run-3 fit gives μ=1.3+0.6−0.5 (expected 1.0+0.6−0.5), with observed (expected) significance 2.5σ (1.9σ); the authors state this is the most stringent expected sensitivity to date for this decay. The analysis uses 13 exclusive categories, XGBoost-based BDT classifiers, analytic background models selected via spurious-signal studies, and a simultaneous unbinned maximum-likelihood fit.

Significance. If correct, the combined measurement is a meaningful step for this rare Higgs decay: it improves the expected sensitivity over the ATLAS+CMS Run-2 combination and yields a measurement consistent with the Standard Model within current precision. The paper is careful in several respects: it reports a detailed systematic breakdown (Table 4), performs spurious-signal studies over multiple function families and fit ranges, applies Wald tests to avoid overfitting, checks category consistency (p=0.37), and documents the Run-2/Run-3 correlation scheme. The statistical uncertainty dominates, and the reported spurious-signal impact is small (0.11 on μ in Run-3). The main caveat is the limited coverage of the background-template systematic, discussed below.

major comments (1)
  1. [Section 6 and Section 8.2] The background-model systematic assigned in the spurious-signal study is the maximum |SS| from only three template variants (nominal and the Zγ-fraction ±1σ variations), and the acceptance criterion requires only one of |SS−σ|, SS, or |SS+σ| to be below 0.2ΔS, so a template with a 1.5σ upward SS fluctuation can pass. This procedure does not directly cover errors in the AtlFast3 Zγ mass resolution or in the extrapolation of the data-driven Z+jets shape into the 120–130 GeV signal window. Since the combined observed (expected) significance of 2.5σ (1.9σ) and the claim of the most stringent expected sensitivity to date rest on the background model, I request a stress test in which the background template is rebuilt with alternative Zγ simulation (e.g., full Geant4 instead of AtlFast3), alternative Z+jets control-region choices or smoothing orders, and with the signal-region m(Zγ) resolution varied; the resulting maximum |SS| and the shift in μ should be reported. The closure test in Section 6 (fitting a template built by adding the SM signal to the background template) uses the same template and therefore does not address this concern.
minor comments (3)
  1. [Section 6] The notation is inconsistent: |SS| is defined as the absolute value of the maximum fitted signal yield, but the acceptance criterion then refers to 'SS' in 'one of |SS−σ|, SS, or |SS+σ|'; please clarify whether SS is signed and define the quantity entering each term.
  2. [Figure 2] The axis labels in Figure 2 appear malformed ('ATLAS-1 = 13.6 TeV, 165 fbs'); this is presumably a rendering artifact, but the labels should be corrected to show the proper ATLAS label and fb−1 units.
  3. [Section 6] After the Gaussian Process smoothing the text states that 'The |SS| is then re-evaluated', but does not specify whether the re-evaluated value replaces the assigned systematic or is only used to confirm that the choice of function and range is unchanged; please state this explicitly.

Circularity Check

0 steps flagged · score 0.0 of 10

No significant circularity: the measurement is a direct fit to collision data, with all predicted quantities derived from external SM inputs and independent simulation.

full rationale

This is an experimental search, not a derivational chain that could collapse into its inputs. The observed signal strength is a free parameter fitted to the reconstructed m(Z-gamma) distributions, and the quoted expected values are obtained from an Asimov dataset generated under the Standard Model signal-plus-background hypothesis, which is a standard sensitivity projection rather than a fitted quantity relabeled as a prediction. The background model is built from independent fast-simulation Z-gamma MC, data-driven Z+jets control regions, and sideband normalizations, with a spurious-signal systematic evaluated from template variations; its coverage is a legitimate statistical concern but not a circularity. The signal template parameters are fixed from independent simulation, and the branching fraction input comes from the external LHC Higgs cross-section handbook. The combination with the Run-2 result uses a previous, independently published measurement of a different dataset, which is normal statistical combination rather than a self-citation chain. No equation or fit in the paper reduces to its own inputs, and no fitted parameter is presented as an independent prediction.

Assumptions & free parameters 5 free parameters · 4 assumptions · 0 invented entities

The central claim rests on standard statistical inference and on external Standard Model inputs. The only fitted parameters are the signal strength, background normalizations, and background shape parameters; these are experimental fit parameters, not ad hoc constants introduced to force a derivation. No new particles or entities are introduced. The main domain assumptions concern the fidelity of the Monte Carlo signal model and the unbiasedness of the background model selection, both addressed with dedicated systematic studies.

free parameters (5)
  • Signal strength mu (Run-3) = 0.9 (+0.7/-0.6)
    Fitted in the simultaneous unbinned maximum-likelihood fit to the m(Z gamma) distributions; ratio of observed yield to Standard Model prediction.
  • Signal strength mu (Run-2+Run-3 combined) = 1.3 (+0.6/-0.5)
    Central result of the combined fit; used to derive the branching fraction interpretation.
  • Z gamma purity fraction (inclusive) = 0.49 (+0.05/-0.10)
    Determined from a two-dimensional sideband in control data; sets the ratio of Z gamma to Z+jets backgrounds in the background template.
  • Background normalizations in 13 categories = not quoted individually
    Each category's background template is normalized to data in m(Z gamma) sidebands excluding 120-130 GeV; these are free parameters of the fit.
  • Background shape parameters per category = vary by category
    Parameters of the chosen analytic background functions, such as power laws, Bernstein polynomials, exponential polynomials, and logarithmic polynomials, fit to data sidebands.
assumptions (4)
  • domain assumption Standard Model production cross-sections and the H to Z gamma branching ratio are taken from the LHC Higgs Cross Section Working Group handbook and used to normalize signal samples and define the Standard Model expectation.
    Sections 3 and 8. This is an external input from the literature, not derived in this paper.
  • domain assumption The signal m(Z gamma) shape is described by a double-sided Crystal Ball function, with parameters fixed from simulated signal Monte Carlo; the Monte Carlo simulation accurately models the detector resolution and scale.
    Section 6, where the DSCB parameters are fitted to Monte Carlo and the mean is shifted by 90 MeV to m_H = 125.09 GeV.
  • domain assumption The background analytic function selection procedure, using spurious-signal criteria and a Wald test, yields a background model that is unbiased in the signal region.
    Section 6; the |SS| < 0.2 Delta S criterion is the basis for accepting the background model.
  • standard math Asymptotic formulae for the profile likelihood ratio test statistics are valid for computing significances.
    Section 8 uses the method of Cowan, Cranmer, Gross and Vitells, Ref. [116].

how reviews work

0 comments
Cite this review

Pith. "Pith review of Search for the Higgs boson decay to a $Z$ boson and a photon in $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV and $13.6$ TeV with the ATLAS detector." pith.science (2026). https://pith.science/paper/HPQVKH26

@misc{pith2026250712598,
  author       = {Pith},
  title        = {Pith review of: Search for the Higgs boson decay to a $Z$ boson and a photon in $pp$ collisions at $\sqrts=13$ TeV and $13.6$ TeV with the ATLAS detector},
  year         = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://pith.science/paper/HPQVKH26}},
  note         = {Machine review of arXiv:2507.12598}
}
abstract

A search for the Higgs boson decay to a $Z$ boson and a photon in the $\ell\ell\gamma$ ($\ell = e, \mu$) final state is performed using $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=13.6$ TeV recorded with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider during 2022-2024, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 165 fb$^{-1}$. The signal yield, normalised to the Standard Model prediction, is measured to be $\mu=0.9^{+0.7}_{-0.6}$, compared to an expected value of $\mu=1.0\pm0.7$. This corresponds to an observed (expected) signal significance of 1.4 (1.5) standard deviations for the background-only hypothesis. This result is combined with that of a similar search performed with 140 fb$^{-1}$ of $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV $pp$ collisions to provide the most stringent expected sensitivity to date to this rare decay, namely an observed (expected) signal strength of $\mu = 1.3^{+0.6}_{-0.5}$ ($\mu = 1.0^{+0.6}_{-0.5}$), corresponding to an observed (expected) significance of 2.5 (1.9) standard deviations. The measurement is consistent with the Standard Model expectation.

Discussion (0). Sign in to comment.

Forward citations

Cited by 2 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. Measurement of the Higgs boson decay to a low-mass dilepton system and a photon in $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s} =$ 13 and 13.6 TeV with the ATLAS detector

    hep-ex 2026-08 accept novelty 5.0 of 10

    Combined Run-2+Run-3 ATLAS measurement of H to ell ell gamma (m_ll < 30 GeV) gives mu = 1.03 (+0.35/-0.32) with 3.4 sigma observed (3.3 sigma expected) significance, consistent with the Standard Model.

  2. Higgs-Pair Production via Gluon Fusion: Top-Yukawa- and light-quark-induced electroweak Corrections

    hep-ph 2025-12 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    The top-Yukawa and light-quark electroweak corrections to Higgs-pair production at the LHC shift the total cross section by about −3.4%, with differential corrections of 5–10% at high invariant mass.

Reference graph

Works this paper leans on

115 extracted references · 2 canonical work pages · cited by 2 Pith papers

  1. [1]

    ATLAS Collaboration,Observation of a new particle in the search for the Standard Model Higgs boson with the ATLAS detector at the LHC, Phys. Lett. B716 (2012) 1, arXiv: 1207.7214 [hep-ex]

    arXiv 2012

  2. [2]

    CMS Collaboration, Observation of a new boson at a mass of 125 GeV with the CMS experiment at the LHC, Phys. Lett. B716(2012) 30, arXiv:1207.7235 [hep-ex]

    arXiv 2012

  3. [3]

    Evans and P

    L. Evans and P. Bryant,LHC Machine, JINST3(2008) S08001

    2008

  4. [4]

    ATLAS Collaboration, A detailed map of Higgs boson interactions by the ATLAS experiment ten years after the discovery, Nature 607 (2022) 52, arXiv:2207.00092 [hep-ex], Erratum: Nature612 (2022) E24

    arXiv 2022

  5. [5]

    CMS Collaboration, A portrait of the Higgs boson by the CMS experiment ten years after the discovery, Nature 607 (2022) 60, arXiv:2207.00043 [hep-ex], Erratum: Nature623 (2023) E4

    arXiv 2022

  6. [6]

    ATLAS Collaboration, Study of the spin and parity of the Higgs boson in diboson decays with the ATLAS detector, Eur. Phys. J. C75 (2015) 476, arXiv:1506.05669 [hep-ex], Erratum: Eur. Phys. J. C76(2016) 152

    arXiv 2015

  7. [7]

    CMS Collaboration, Constraints on the spin-parity and anomalous HVV couplings of the Higgs boson in proton collisions at7 and 8TeV, Phys. Rev. D92(2015) 012004, arXiv: 1411.3441 [hep-ex]

    arXiv 2015

  8. [8]

    ATLAS and CMS Collaborations,Combined Measurement of the Higgs Boson Mass in𝑝𝑝 Collisions at√𝑠= 7 and 8TeV with the ATLAS and CMS Experiments, Phys. Rev. Lett.114 (2015) 191803, arXiv:1503.07589 [hep-ex]

    arXiv 2015

Show all 115 references
  1. [9]

    ATLAS Collaboration, Combined Measurement of the Higgs Boson Mass from the𝐻→𝛾𝛾 and𝐻→𝑍𝑍∗→ 4ℓ Decay Channels with the ATLAS Detector Using√𝑠= 7, 8, and 13TeV𝑝𝑝 Collision Data, Phys. Rev. Lett.131 (2023) 251802, arXiv:hep-ex/2308.04775

    2023 arXiv

  2. [10]

    CMS Collaboration, Measurement of the Higgs boson mass and width using the four-lepton final state in proton–proton collisions at√𝑠= 13TeV, Phys. Rev. D111 (2024) 092014, arXiv: hep-ex/2409.13663

    2024 arXiv

  3. [11]

    CMS Collaboration, A measurement of the Higgs boson mass in the diphoton decay channel, Phys. Lett. B805(2020) 135425, arXiv:2002.06398 [hep-ex]

    2020 arXiv

  4. [12]

    de Florian et al., Handbook of LHC Higgs Cross Sections: 4

    D. de Florian et al., Handbook of LHC Higgs Cross Sections: 4. Deciphering the Nature of the Higgs Sector, (2017), arXiv: 1610.07922 [hep-ph]

    2017 arXiv

  5. [13]

    Carena, I

    M. Carena, I. Low and C. E. Wagner,Implications of a modified Higgs to diphoton decay width, JHEP 08 (2012) 060, arXiv:hep-ph/1206.1082

    2012 arXiv

  6. [14]

    Chiang and K

    C.-W. Chiang and K. Yagyu,Higgs boson decays to𝛾𝛾 and𝑍𝛾 in models with Higgs extensions, Phys. Rev. D87(2013) 033003, arXiv:hep-ph/1207.1065

    2013 arXiv

  7. [15]

    Chen, C.-Q

    C.-S. Chen, C.-Q. Geng, D. Huang and L.-H. Tsai,New scalar contributions toℎ→𝑍𝛾, Phys. Rev. D87(2013) 075019, arXiv:hep-ph/1301.4694. 18

    2013 arXiv

  8. [16]

    Djouadi, V

    A. Djouadi, V. Driesen, W. Hollik and A. Kraft,The Higgs-photon-Z boson coupling revisited, Eur. Phys. J. C1 (1998) 163, arXiv:hep-ph/9701342

    1998 arXiv

  9. [17]

    H. T. Hung, T. T. Hong, H. H. Phuong, H. L. T. Mai and L. T. Hue, Neutral Higgs boson decays𝐻→𝑍𝛾,𝛾𝛾 in 3-3-1 models, Phys. Rev. D100(2019) 075014, arXiv: 1907.06735

    2019 arXiv

  10. [18]

    Archer-Smith, D

    P. Archer-Smith, D. Stolarski and R. Vega-Morales, On new physics contributions to the Higgs decay to𝑍𝛾, JHEP2021(2021), arXiv:2012.01440

    2021 arXiv

  11. [19]

    He, Z.-L

    X.-G. He, Z.-L. Huang, M.-W. Li and C.-W. Liu, The SM expected branching ratio for h→𝛾𝛾 and an excess for h→ Z𝛾, JHEP10(2024) 135, arXiv: hep-ph/2402.08190

    2024 arXiv

  12. [20]

    Azatov, R

    A. Azatov, R. Contino, A. Di Iura and J. Galloway, New prospects for Higgs compositeness inℎ→𝑍𝛾, Phys. Rev. D88(2013) 075019, arXiv: hep-ph/1308.2676

    2013 arXiv

  13. [21]

    I. Low, J. Lykken and G. Shaughnessy, Singlet scalars as Higgs boson imposters at the Large Hadron Collider, Phys. Rev. D84(2011) 035027, arXiv:hep-ph/1105.4587

    2011 arXiv

  14. [22]

    I. Low, J. Lykken and G. Shaughnessy,Have we observed the Higgs boson (imposter)?, Phys. Rev. D86(2012) 093012, arXiv:hep-ph/1207.1093

    2012 arXiv

  15. [23]

    ATLAS Collaboration, A search for the𝑍𝛾 decay mode of the Higgs boson in𝑝𝑝 collisions at√𝑠= 13TeV with the ATLAS detector, Phys. Lett. B809 (2020) 135754, arXiv: 2005.05382 [hep-ex]

    2020 arXiv

  16. [24]

    CMS Collaboration, Search for Higgs boson decays to a𝑍 boson and a photon in proton–proton collisions at√𝑠= 13TeV, JHEP05(2023) 233, arXiv:2204.12945 [hep-ex]

    2023 arXiv

  17. [25]

    ATLAS Collaboration and CMS Collaboration, Evidence for the Higgs Boson Decay to a𝑍 Boson and a Photon at the LHC, Phys. Rev. Lett.132 (2024) 021803, arXiv:hep-ex/2309.03501

    2024 arXiv

  18. [26]

    Chen and C

    T. Chen and C. Guestrin, ‘XGBoost: A Scalable Tree Boosting System’,Proceedings of the 22nd ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, ACM, 2016 785, arXiv:1603.02754

    2016 arXiv

  19. [27]

    ATLAS Collaboration, The ATLAS Experiment at the CERN Large Hadron Collider, JINST 3 (2008) S08003

    2008

  20. [28]

    ATLAS Collaboration,The ATLAS experiment at the CERN Large Hadron Collider: a description of the detector configuration for Run 3, JINST19(2024) P05063, arXiv: 2305.16623 [physics.ins-det]

    2024 arXiv

  21. [29]

    ATLAS Collaboration, Performance of the ATLAS trigger system in 2015, Eur. Phys. J. C77 (2017) 317, arXiv:1611.09661 [hep-ex]

    2017 arXiv

  22. [30]

    ATLAS Collaboration,The ATLAS trigger system for LHC Run 3 and trigger performance in 2022, JINST 19(2024) P06029, arXiv:2401.06630 [hep-ex]

    2024 arXiv

  23. [31]

    ATLAS Collaboration, Software and computing for Run 3 of the ATLAS experiment at the LHC, Eur. Phys. J. C85 (2025) 234, arXiv:2404.06335 [hep-ex]

    2025 arXiv

  24. [32]

    ATLAS Collaboration,Performance of electron and photon triggers in ATLAS during LHC Run 2, Eur. Phys. J. C80 (2020) 47, arXiv:1909.00761 [hep-ex]. 19

    2020 arXiv

  25. [33]

    ATLAS Collaboration, Performance of the ATLAS muon triggers in Run 2, JINST 15(2020) P09015, arXiv:2004.13447 [physics.ins-det]

    2020 arXiv

  26. [34]

    Agostinelli et al.,Geant4-a simulation toolkit, Nucl

    S. Agostinelli et al.,Geant4-a simulation toolkit, Nucl. Instrum. Meth. A506 (2003) 250

    2003

  27. [35]

    ATLAS Collaboration, The ATLAS Simulation Infrastructure, Eur. Phys. J. C70 (2010) 823, arXiv: 1005.4568 [physics.ins-det]

    2010 arXiv

  28. [36]

    Anastasiou, C

    C. Anastasiou, C. Duhr, F. Dulat, F. Herzog and B. Mistlberger, Higgs Boson Gluon-Fusion Production in QCD at Three Loops, Phys. Rev. Lett.114 (2015) 212001, arXiv:1503.06056 [hep-ph]

    2015 arXiv

  29. [37]

    Anastasiou et al., High precision determination of the gluon fusion Higgs boson cross-section at the LHC, JHEP 05(2016) 058, arXiv:1602.00695 [hep-ph]

    C. Anastasiou et al., High precision determination of the gluon fusion Higgs boson cross-section at the LHC, JHEP 05(2016) 058, arXiv:1602.00695 [hep-ph]

    2016 arXiv

  30. [38]

    Dulat, A

    F. Dulat, A. Lazopoulos and B. Mistlberger,iHixs 2 – Inclusive Higgs cross sections, Comput. Phys. Commun.233 (2018) 243, arXiv:1802.00827 [hep-ph]

    2018 arXiv

  31. [39]

    R. V. Harlander and K. J. Ozeren, Finite top mass effects for hadronic Higgs production at next-to-next-to-leading order, JHEP 11(2009) 088, arXiv:0909.3420 [hep-ph]

    2009 arXiv

  32. [40]

    R. V. Harlander and K. J. Ozeren, Top mass effects in Higgs production at next-to-next-to-leading order QCD: Virtual corrections, Phys. Lett. B679(2009) 467, arXiv:0907.2997 [hep-ph]

    2009 arXiv

  33. [41]

    R. V. Harlander, H. Mantler, S. Marzani and K. J. Ozeren, Higgs production in gluon fusion at next-to-next-to-leading order QCD for finite top mass, Eur. Phys. J. C66 (2010) 359, arXiv:0912.2104 [hep-ph]

    2010 arXiv

  34. [42]

    A. Pak, M. Rogal and M. Steinhauser, Finite top quark mass effects in NNLO Higgs boson production at LHC, JHEP02(2010) 025, arXiv: 0911.4662 [hep-ph]

    2010 arXiv

  35. [43]

    Actis, G

    S. Actis, G. Passarino, C. Sturm and S. Uccirati, NLO electroweak corrections to Higgs boson production at hadron colliders, Phys. Lett. B670(2008) 12, arXiv:0809.1301 [hep-ph]

    2008 arXiv

  36. [44]

    Actis, G

    S. Actis, G. Passarino, C. Sturm and S. Uccirati, NNLO computational techniques: The cases𝐻→𝛾𝛾 and𝐻→𝑔𝑔, Nucl. Phys. B811 (2009) 182, arXiv: hep-ph/0809.3667

    2009 arXiv

  37. [45]

    Anastasiou, R

    C. Anastasiou, R. Boughezal and F. Petriello, Mixed QCD-electroweak corrections to Higgs boson production in gluon fusion, JHEP 04 (2009) 003, arXiv:hep-ph/0811.3458

    2009 arXiv

  38. [46]

    Aglietti, R

    U. Aglietti, R. Bonciani, G. Degrassi and A. Vicini, Two-loop light fermion contribution to Higgs production and decays, Phys. Lett. B595 (2004) 432, arXiv: hep-ph/0404071

    2004 arXiv

  39. [47]

    Bonetti, K

    M. Bonetti, K. Melnikov and L. Tancredi,Higher order corrections to mixed QCD-EW contributions to Higgs boson production in gluon fusion, Phys. Rev. D97(2018) 056017, arXiv: 1801.10403 [hep-ph], Erratum: Phys. Rev. D97(2018) 099906(E)

    2018 arXiv

  40. [48]

    Ciccolini, A

    M. Ciccolini, A. Denner and S. Dittmaier,Strong and Electroweak Corrections to the Production of a Higgs Boson+2Jets via Weak Interactions at the Large Hadron Collider, Phys. Rev. Lett.99 (2007) 161803, arXiv:hep-ph/0707.0381. 20

    2007 arXiv

  41. [49]

    Ciccolini, A

    M. Ciccolini, A. Denner and S. Dittmaier, Electroweak and QCD corrections to Higgs production via vector-boson fusion at the CERN LHC, Phys. Rev. D77(2008) 013002, arXiv:0710.4749 [hep-ph]

    2008 arXiv

  42. [50]

    Bolzoni, F

    P. Bolzoni, F. Maltoni, S.-O. Moch and M. Zaro, Higgs Boson Production via Vector-Boson Fusion at Next-to-Next-to-Leading Order in QCD, Phys. Rev. Lett.105 (2010) 011801, arXiv:1003.4451 [hep-ph]

    2010 arXiv

  43. [51]

    M. L. Ciccolini, S. Dittmaier and M. Krämer, Electroweak radiative corrections to associated𝑊𝐻 and𝑍𝐻 production at hadron colliders, Phys. Rev. D68(2003) 073003, arXiv:hep-ph/0306234

    2003 arXiv

  44. [52]

    Brein, A

    O. Brein, A. Djouadi and R. Harlander, NNLO QCD corrections to the Higgs-strahlung processes at hadron colliders, Phys. Lett. B579(2004) 149, arXiv:hep-ph/0307206

    2004 arXiv

  45. [53]

    Brein, R

    O. Brein, R. V. Harlander, M. Wiesemann and T. Zirke, Top-quark mediated effects in hadronic Higgs-Strahlung, Eur. Phys. J. C72(2012) 1868, arXiv: 1111.0761 [hep-ph]

    2012 arXiv

  46. [55]

    Denner, S

    A. Denner, S. Dittmaier, S. Kallweit and A. Mück,HAWK 2.0: A Monte Carlo program for Higgs production in vector-boson fusion and Higgs strahlung at hadron colliders, Comput. Phys. Commun.195 (2015) 161, arXiv:1412.5390 [hep-ph]

    2015 arXiv

  47. [56]

    Brein, R

    O. Brein, R. V. Harlander and T. J. E. Zirke,vh@nnlo-Higgs Strahlung at hadron colliders, Comput. Phys. Commun.184 (2013) 998, arXiv:hep-ph/1210.5347

    2013 arXiv

  48. [58]

    R. V. Harlander, J. Klappert, S. Liebler and L. Simon, vh@nnlo-v2: new physics in Higgs Strahlung, JHEP05 (2018) 089, arXiv: 1802.04817 [hep-ph]

    2018 arXiv

  49. [59]

    Beenakker et al.,NLO QCD corrections to𝑡¯𝑡𝐻 production in hadron collisions, Nucl

    W. Beenakker et al.,NLO QCD corrections to𝑡¯𝑡𝐻 production in hadron collisions, Nucl. Phys. B653(2003) 151, arXiv:hep-ph/0211352

    2003 arXiv

  50. [60]

    Dawson, C

    S. Dawson, C. Jackson, L. H. Orr, L. Reina and D. Wackeroth,Associated Higgs boson production with top quarks at the CERN Large Hadron Collider: NLO QCD corrections, Phys. Rev. D68(2003) 034022, arXiv:hep-ph/0305087

    2003 arXiv

  51. [61]

    Zhang, W.-G

    Y. Zhang, W.-G. Ma, R.-Y. Zhang, C. Chen and L. Guo, QCD NLO and EW NLO corrections to𝑡¯𝑡𝐻 production with top quark decays at hadron collider, Phys. Lett. B738 (2014) 1, arXiv:hep-ph/1407.1110

    2014 arXiv

  52. [62]

    Frixione, V

    S. Frixione, V. Hirschi, D. Pagani, H.-S. Shao and M. Zaro, Electroweak and QCD corrections to top-pair hadroproduction in association with heavy bosons, JHEP 06 (2015) 184, arXiv:hep-ph/1504.03446

    2015 arXiv

  53. [63]

    Wiesemann et al.,Higgs production in association with bottom quarks, JHEP (2015) 132, arXiv: 1409.5301

    M. Wiesemann et al.,Higgs production in association with bottom quarks, JHEP (2015) 132, arXiv: 1409.5301. 21

    2015 arXiv

  54. [64]

    Dittmaier, M

    S. Dittmaier, M. Krämer and M. Spira, Higgs radiation off bottom quarks at the Fermilab Tevatron and the CERN LHC, Phys. Rev. D70(2004) 074010

    2004

  55. [65]

    Dawson, C

    S. Dawson, C. B. Jackson, L. Reina and D. Wackeroth, Exclusive Higgs boson production with bottom quarks at hadron colliders, Phys. Rev. D69(2004) 074027, arXiv:hep-ph/0311067

    2004 arXiv

  56. [66]

    Nason and C

    P. Nason and C. Oleari, NLO Higgs boson production via vector-boson fusion matched with shower in POWHEG, JHEP 02 (2010) 037, arXiv:0911.5299 [hep-ph]

    2010 arXiv

  57. [67]

    Alioli, P

    S. Alioli, P. Nason, C. Oleari and E. Re,A general framework for implementing NLO calculations in shower Monte Carlo programs: the POWHEG BOX, JHEP06 (2010) 043, (using ATLAS svn revisions r2856 for v1, r3080 for v2 ggF, r3052 for v2 VBF, and r3133 for v2𝑉𝐻), arXiv: hep-ph/1002.2581

    2010 arXiv

  58. [68]

    Nason, A new method for combining NLO QCD with shower Monte Carlo algorithms, JHEP 11(2004) 040, arXiv:hep-ph/0409146

    P. Nason, A new method for combining NLO QCD with shower Monte Carlo algorithms, JHEP 11(2004) 040, arXiv:hep-ph/0409146

    2004 arXiv

  59. [69]

    Frixione, P

    S. Frixione, P. Nason and C. Oleari, Matching NLO QCD computations with parton shower simulations: the POWHEG method, JHEP 11(2007) 070, arXiv:0709.2092 [hep-ph]

    2007 arXiv

  60. [71]

    R. D. Ball et al.,The PDF4LHC21 combination of global PDF fits for the LHC Run III, J. Phys. G49 (2022) 080501

    2022

  61. [72]

    Bierlich et al.,A comprehensive guide to the physics and usage of PYTHIA 8.3, SciPost Phys

    C. Bierlich et al.,A comprehensive guide to the physics and usage of PYTHIA 8.3, SciPost Phys. Codeb. (2022) 8, arXiv:hep-ph/2203.11601

    2022 arXiv

  62. [73]

    C.-F. Q. L.-B. Chen and R.-L. Zhu,Reconstructing the 125 GeV SM Higgs boson throughℓ ¯ℓ𝛾, Phys. Lett. B726(2013) 306, arXiv:1211.6058

    2013 arXiv

  63. [74]

    Bellm et al.,Herwig 7.2 release note, Eur

    J. Bellm et al.,Herwig 7.2 release note, Eur. Phys. J. C80(2020)

    2020

  64. [75]

    Bothmann et al.,Event generation with Sherpa 2.2, SciPost Phys.7 (2019) 034, arXiv: 1905.09127 [hep-ph]

    E. Bothmann et al.,Event generation with Sherpa 2.2, SciPost Phys.7 (2019) 034, arXiv: 1905.09127 [hep-ph]

    2019 arXiv

  65. [76]

    NNPDF Collaboration, R. D. Ball et al.,Parton distributions for the LHC run II, JHEP 04(2015) 040, arXiv:1410.8849 [hep-ph]

    2015 arXiv

  66. [77]

    ATLAS Collaboration, AtlFast3: The Next Generation of Fast Simulation in ATLAS, Comput. Softw. Big Sci.6(2022) 7, arXiv:2109.02551 [hep-ex]

    2022 arXiv

  67. [78]

    J. Alwall et al.,The automated computation of tree-level and next-to-leading order differential cross sections, and their matching to parton shower simulations, JHEP07 (2014) 079, arXiv: hep-ph/1405.0301

    2014 arXiv

  68. [79]

    R. D. Ball et al.,Parton distributions with QED corrections, Nucl. Phys. B877 (2013) 290, arXiv: 1308.0598

    2013 arXiv

  69. [80]

    ATLAS Collaboration, ATLAS Pythia 8 tunes to7 TeV data, ATL-PHYS-PUB-2014-021, 2014, url: https://cds.cern.ch/record/1966419. 22

    2014

  70. [81]

    Werner, F.-M

    K. Werner, F.-M. Liu and T. Pierog,Parton ladder splitting and the rapidity dependence of transverse momentum spectra in deuteron-gold collisions at RHIC, Phys. Rev. C74(2006) 044902, arXiv: hep-ph/0506232 [hep-ph]

    2006 arXiv

  71. [82]

    Pierog, I

    T. Pierog, I. Karpenko, J. M. Katzy, E. Yatsenko and K. Werner,EPOS LHC: Test of collective hadronization with data measured at the CERN Large Hadron Collider, Phys. Rev. D92(2015) 034906, arXiv:1306.0121 [hep-ph]

    2015 arXiv

  72. [83]

    ATLAS Collaboration, The Pythia 8 A3 tune description of ATLAS minimum bias and inelastic measurements incorporating the Donnachie–Landshoff diffractive model, ATL-PHYS-PUB-2016-017, 2016,url: https://cds.cern.ch/record/2206965

    2016

  73. [84]

    R. D. Ball et al.,The PDF4LHC21 combination of global PDF fits for the LHC Run III, J. Phys. G49 (2022) 080501, arXiv:2203.05506 [hep-ph]

    2022 arXiv

  74. [85]

    Luisoni, P

    G. Luisoni, P. Nason, C. Oleari and F. Tramontano,𝐻𝑊±/HZ + 0 and 1 jet at NLO with the POWHEG BOX interfaced to GoSam and their merging within MiNLO, JHEP10 (2013) 083, arXiv: hep-ph/1306.2542

    2013 arXiv

  75. [86]

    M. K. S. Dittmaier and M. Spira, Higgs radiation off bottom quarks at the Fermilab Tevatron and the CERN LHC, Phys. Rev. D70(2004) 74010

    2004

  76. [87]

    Altenkamp, S

    L. Altenkamp, S. Dittmaier, R. V. Harlander, H. Rzehak and T. J. E. Zirke, Gluon-induced Higgs-strahlung at next-to-leading order QCD, JHEP2013 (2013) 78, arXiv: 1211.5015

    2013 arXiv

  77. [88]

    R. V. Harlander, A. Kulesza, V. Theeuwes and T. Zirke, Soft gluon resummation for gluon-induced Higgs Strahlung, JHEP2014 (2014) 82, arXiv: 1410.0217

    2014 arXiv

  78. [89]

    H. B. Hartanto, B. Jäger, L. Reina and D. Wackeroth, Higgs boson production in association with top quarks in the POWHEG BOX, Phys. Rev. D91(2015) 094003, arXiv:1501.04498

    2015 arXiv

  79. [90]

    Jäger, L

    B. Jäger, L. Reina and D. Wackeroth, Higgs boson production in association with b jets in the POWHEG BOX, Phys. Rev. D93(2016) 014030, arXiv:1509.05843

    2016 arXiv

  80. [91]

    ATLAS Collaboration,Vertex Reconstruction Performance of the ATLAS Detector at√𝑠= 13TeV, ATL-PHYS-PUB-2015-026, 2015,url: https://cds.cern.ch/record/2037717

    2015

  81. [92]

    ATLAS Collaboration, Muon reconstruction and identification efficiency in ATLAS using the full Run 2𝑝𝑝 collision data set at√𝑠= 13TeV, Eur. Phys. J. C81 (2021) 578, arXiv: 2012.00578 [hep-ex]

    2021 arXiv

  82. [93]

    ATLAS Collaboration,Studies of the muon momentum calibration and performance of the ATLAS detector with𝑝𝑝 collisions at√𝑠= 13TeV, Eur. Phys. J. C83(2023) 686, arXiv: 2212.07338 [hep-ex]

    2023 arXiv

  83. [94]

    ATLAS Collaboration,Electron and photon performance measurements with the ATLAS detector using the 2015–2017 LHC proton–proton collision data, JINST14 (2019) P12006, arXiv: 1908.00005 [hep-ex]

    2019 arXiv

  84. [95]

    ATLAS Collaboration,Electron and photon efficiencies in LHC Run 2 with the ATLAS experiment, JHEP 05 (2024) 162, arXiv:2308.13362 [hep-ex]. 23

    2024 arXiv

  85. [96]

    ATLAS Collaboration, Electron and photon energy calibration with the ATLAS detector using LHC Run 2 data, JINST 19(2024) P02009, arXiv:2309.05471 [hep-ex]

    2024 arXiv

  86. [97]

    ATLAS Collaboration, Jet reconstruction and performance using particle flow with the ATLAS Detector, Eur. Phys. J. C77 (2017) 466, arXiv:1703.10485 [hep-ex]

    2017 arXiv

  87. [98]

    Cacciari, G

    M. Cacciari, G. P. Salam and G. Soyez,The anti-𝑘𝑡 jet clustering algorithm, JHEP04 (2008) 063, arXiv: 0802.1189 [hep-ph]

    2008 arXiv

  88. [99]

    Cacciari, G

    M. Cacciari, G. P. Salam and G. Soyez,FastJet user manual, Eur. Phys. J. C72(2012) 1896, arXiv: 1111.6097 [hep-ph]

    2012 arXiv

  89. [100]

    ATLAS Collaboration, Jet energy scale and resolution measured in proton–proton collisions at√𝑠= 13TeV with the ATLAS detector, Eur. Phys. J. C81(2021) 689, arXiv: 2007.02645 [hep-ex]

    2021 arXiv

  90. [101]

    ATLAS Collaboration, Performance of pile-up mitigation techniques for jets in𝑝𝑝 collisions at√𝑠= 8TeV using the ATLAS detector, Eur. Phys. J. C76(2016) 581, arXiv: 1510.03823 [hep-ex]

    2016 arXiv

  91. [102]

    ATLAS Collaboration, Forward jet vertex tagging using the particle flow algorithm, ATL-PHYS-PUB-2019-026, 2019,url: https://cds.cern.ch/record/2683100

    2019

  92. [103]

    Particle Data Group, Review of Particle Physics, PTEP2020 (2020) 083C01

    2020

  93. [104]

    OPAL Collaboration,Search for anomalous production of di-lepton events with missing transverse momentum in e+e− collisions at√𝑠= 161 and 172 GeV, Eur. Phys. J. C4(1998) 47, arXiv: hep-ex/9710010

    1998 arXiv

  94. [105]

    Vesterinen and T

    M. Vesterinen and T. Wyatt, A novel technique for studying the Z boson transverse momentum distribution at hadron colliders, Nucl. Instrum. Meth. A602 (2009) 432, arXiv:hep-ph/0807.4956

    2009 arXiv

  95. [106]

    Rainwater, R

    D. Rainwater, R. Szalapski and D. Zeppenfeld, Probing color-singlet exchange in𝑍+ 2-jet events at the CERN LHC, Phys. Rev. D54(1996) 6680, arXiv: hep-ph/9605444

    1996 arXiv

  96. [107]

    ATLAS Collaboration, Search for Scalar Diphoton Resonances in the Mass Range 65-600 GeV with the ATLAS Detector in𝑝𝑝 Collision Data at√𝑠 = 8𝑇𝑒𝑉, Phys. Rev. Lett.113(2014) 171801, arXiv: hep-ex/1407.6583

    2014 arXiv

  97. [108]

    ATLAS Collaboration, Measurement of the inclusive isolated prompt photon cross section in𝑝𝑝 collisions at√𝑠= 7TeV with the ATLAS detector, Phys. Rev. D83(2011) 052005, arXiv: 1012.4389 [hep-ex]

    2011 arXiv

  98. [109]

    Wald, Sequential Tests of Statistical Hypotheses, Annals Math

    A. Wald, Sequential Tests of Statistical Hypotheses, Annals Math. Statist.16(1945) 117

    1945

  99. [110]

    ATLAS Collaboration,Measurement of the properties of Higgs boson production at√𝑠= 13TeV in the𝐻→𝛾𝛾 channel using139fb−1 of𝑝𝑝 collision data with the ATLAS experiment, JHEP 07 (2023) 088, arXiv:2207.00348 [hep-ex]

    2023 arXiv

  100. [111]

    Frate, K

    M. Frate, K. Cranmer, S. Kalia, A. Vandenberg-Rodes and D. Whiteson, Modeling Smooth Backgrounds and Generic Localized Signals with Gaussian Processes, 2017, arXiv: physics.data-an/1709.05681. 24

    2017 arXiv

  101. [112]

    ATLAS Collaboration, A search for the dimuon decay of the Standard Model Higgs boson with the ATLAS detector, Phys. Lett. B812(2021) 135980, arXiv:2007.07830 [hep-ex]

    2021 arXiv

  102. [113]

    Avoni et al.,The new LUCID-2 detector for luminosity measurement and monitoring in ATLAS, JINST 13(2018) P07017

    G. Avoni et al.,The new LUCID-2 detector for luminosity measurement and monitoring in ATLAS, JINST 13(2018) P07017

    2018

  103. [114]

    ATLAS Collaboration, Preliminary analysis of the luminosity calibration of the ATLAS13.6TeV data recorded in 2022, ATL-DAPR-PUB-2023-001, 2023,url: https://cds.cern.ch/record/2853525

    2022

  104. [115]

    ATLAS Collaboration, Preliminary analysis of the luminosity calibration for the ATLAS13.6TeVdata recorded in 2023, ATL-DAPR-PUB-2024-001, 2024,url: https://cds.cern.ch/record/2900949

    2023

  105. [116]

    Cowan, K

    G. Cowan, K. Cranmer, E. Gross and O. Vitells, Asymptotic formulae for likelihood-based tests of new physics, Eur. Phys. J. C71(2011) 1554, arXiv: 1007.1727 [physics.data-an], Erratum: Eur. Phys. J. C73 (2013) 2501

    2011 arXiv

  106. [117]

    ATLAS Collaboration,Search for Higgs boson decays to a photon and a𝑍 boson in𝑝𝑝 collisions at√𝑠= 7and 8TeV with the ATLAS detector, Phys. Lett. B732 (2014) 8, arXiv: 1402.3051 [hep-ex]

    2014 arXiv

  107. [118]

    Demokritos

    ATLAS Collaboration,ATLAS Computing Acknowledgements, ATL-SOFT-PUB-2025-001, 2025, url: https://cds.cern.ch/record/2922210. 25 The ATLAS Collaboration G. Aad 104, E. Aakvaag 17, B. Abbott 123, S. Abdelhameed 119a, K. Abeling 55, N.J. Abicht 49, S.H. Abidi 30, M. Aboelela 45, A...

    2025

Pith tools

Reviewed August 6, 2026 · model on record in the stance chip above.