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Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

K12Vista: Exploring the Boundaries of MLLMs in K-12 Education

As of 8 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 55 of 55 outbound references and 2 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2506.01676.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2506.01676 v1

Coverage vector

measured 55 of 55 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-07T11:42:31.973151Z

measured 57 of 57 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00

measured 2 of 2 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-06T18:04:53.791144Z

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: arxiv_reference, observed 2026-06-29T17:33:45.012282Z

Reference resolution

55 of 55 outbound references displayed

  • verified exact0
  • verified fuzzy20
  • unresolved34
  • parse uncertain0
  • malformed identifier1
  • metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation 0edb00e8-0ebc-4dae-a7a9-3e15077d6e8a · outbound

This paper cites GPT-4 Technical Report.

K12Vista: Exploring the Boundaries of MLLMs in K-12 Education GPT-4 Technical Report

Reference 1

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unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T11:42:13.868797Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:42:13.868797Z digest=sha256:a8dbb73058946d10ad93d5263a4e8ca0b76aa095bcc8b36c133f8fffe162a4c8

Observation 5b349165-a128-4901-830f-61a822a39048 · outbound

This paper cites Mm-phyqa: Multimodal physics question-answering with multi-image cot prompting.

K12Vista: Exploring the Boundaries of MLLMs in K-12 Education Mm-phyqa: Multimodal physics question-answering with multi-image cot prompting

Reference 2

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T11:42:33.733978Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:42:29.488228Z digest=sha256:4231673fcf68ba7ff78756bae16b33211a5460d78a3992ddc0c23f2e02248a75

Observation 388b3b5c-9d43-487b-9153-2ebddeea940e · outbound

This paper cites Expanding Performance Boundaries of Open-Source Multimodal Models with Model, Data, and Test-Time Scaling.

K12Vista: Exploring the Boundaries of MLLMs in K-12 Education Expanding Performance Boundaries of Open-Source Multimodal Models with Model, Data, and Test-Time Scaling

Reference 3

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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T11:42:30.939631Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:42:30.939631Z digest=sha256:6c93f1411696574e31f7d131f223c15ae0c1ad7ef1249208d6a3d86a68a9fa27

Observation 81731d52-b3f1-42fb-98ab-e5cdcb9885a4 · outbound

This paper cites Mme: A comprehensive evaluation benchmark for multimodal large language models, 2024.

K12Vista: Exploring the Boundaries of MLLMs in K-12 Education Mme: A comprehensive evaluation benchmark for multimodal large language models, 2024

Reference 4

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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T11:42:30.966854Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:42:30.966854Z digest=sha256:517f6f94c2b19818689958c9fc55f215b70b8105cad1087447477f40eb671b47

Observation 351b2235-9de0-48eb-975c-12d46f1bbefc · outbound

This paper cites DeepSeek-R1: Incentivizing Reasoning Capability in LLMs via Reinforcement Learning.

K12Vista: Exploring the Boundaries of MLLMs in K-12 Education DeepSeek-R1: Incentivizing Reasoning Capability in LLMs via Reinforcement Learning

Reference 5

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T11:42:30.978440Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:42:30.978440Z digest=sha256:477f4716930e4750c9709c5d8cf544bdd7f8618f66a987b746503e36d55a7712

Observation 92a1694d-103f-4fb7-b5a7-cc87f020c4d2 · outbound

This paper cites CMMU: A Benchmark for Chinese Multi-modal Multi-type Question Understanding and Reasoning.

K12Vista: Exploring the Boundaries of MLLMs in K-12 Education CMMU: A Benchmark for Chinese Multi-modal Multi-type Question Understanding and Reasoning

Reference 6

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T11:42:30.998921Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:42:30.998921Z digest=sha256:6b7add4e2ec2804f9d33984131f6389c01d2323d9b21328d43742e5ee7e77b83

Observation 62b812d8-0e32-4f60-a69a-016886b766de · outbound

This paper cites Olympicarena: Benchmarking multi-discipline cognitive reasoning for superintelligent ai.

K12Vista: Exploring the Boundaries of MLLMs in K-12 Education Olympicarena: Benchmarking multi-discipline cognitive reasoning for superintelligent ai

Reference 7

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T11:42:33.691143Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:42:31.031902Z digest=sha256:eb9d453190028ddaecba541eb94e214a3437d8e8d3476d66b9a4499405cf347b

Observation 5d3017a5-f813-4081-8b9b-0a1e1631b689 · outbound

This paper cites VisScience: An Extensive Benchmark for Evaluating K12 Educational Multi-modal Scientific Reasoning.

K12Vista: Exploring the Boundaries of MLLMs in K-12 Education VisScience: An Extensive Benchmark for Evaluating K12 Educational Multi-modal Scientific Reasoning

Reference 8

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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T11:42:31.080237Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:42:31.080237Z digest=sha256:6769ebf57d627ad166e0913d8b435373fcab13748b15090cc20bb9a64a0cd290

Observation 4b162345-5e4d-46af-b72a-1a3540242659 · outbound

This paper cites 21st century skills.

K12Vista: Exploring the Boundaries of MLLMs in K-12 Education 21st century skills

Reference 9

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T11:42:33.641994Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:42:31.140728Z digest=sha256:9655ae2af9d191200bb4f1a3a53b225a9d42854e2f5b534134c63daafcbe48b8

Observation da6fd58f-ca61-4c56-8df3-4c65aa80b03b · outbound

This paper cites LLaVA-OneVision: Easy Visual Task Transfer.

K12Vista: Exploring the Boundaries of MLLMs in K-12 Education LLaVA-OneVision: Easy Visual Task Transfer

Reference 10

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unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T11:42:31.195349Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:42:31.195349Z digest=sha256:70d3e9db0bd23b90946c8b6dec95731ab6eda8f0086b4654e28c6b9f4865eb1d

Observation da75aebb-0e04-444b-a5dc-dfddc26cbf7a · outbound

This paper cites SEED-Bench: Benchmarking Multimodal LLMs with Generative Comprehension.

K12Vista: Exploring the Boundaries of MLLMs in K-12 Education SEED-Bench: Benchmarking Multimodal LLMs with Generative Comprehension

Reference 11

Resolution
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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T11:42:31.267748Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:42:31.267748Z digest=sha256:48feddef6059b9258e77407891f52c8a43cd177f28bd770b8dcf1818fb8c1b16

Observation feba07ba-80c8-404b-b401-4965a802fcc4 · outbound

This paper cites CMM-Math: A Chinese Multimodal Math Dataset To Evaluate and Enhance the Mathematics Reasoning of Large Multimodal Models.

K12Vista: Exploring the Boundaries of MLLMs in K-12 Education CMM-Math: A Chinese Multimodal Math Dataset To Evaluate and Enhance the Mathematics Reasoning of Large Multimodal Models

Reference 12

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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T11:42:31.375007Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:42:31.375007Z digest=sha256:120dd9875d6c0221f1aadb7851a54296f000e66600be4ec4b3fc0be4cddbcce7

Observation bb5b8003-5bd9-42bf-a473-0c30e3e77f4d · outbound

This paper cites Mmbench: Is your multi-modal model an all-around player? In European conference on computer vision, pages 216–233.

K12Vista: Exploring the Boundaries of MLLMs in K-12 Education Mmbench: Is your multi-modal model an all-around player? In European conference on computer vision, pages 216–233

Reference 13

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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T11:42:31.432510Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:42:31.432510Z digest=sha256:5c6a54fadd904edb616982a4a9629b22ed0bbeece4905db1eeb487a8152f0685

Observation a5c20eb0-cc47-44a4-b244-113b628a9e2d · outbound

This paper cites On the hidden mystery of ocr in large multimodal models.

K12Vista: Exploring the Boundaries of MLLMs in K-12 Education On the hidden mystery of ocr in large multimodal models

Reference 14

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unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T11:42:31.487748Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:42:31.487748Z digest=sha256:f29cb7578397e8cd5723162e38afca7a08c043660fe9b69fa2a6358284a7e3a0

Observation dfaea037-35ac-46f0-a845-07d586f4fb88 · outbound

This paper cites MathVista: Evaluating Mathematical Reasoning of Foundation Models in Visual Contexts.

K12Vista: Exploring the Boundaries of MLLMs in K-12 Education MathVista: Evaluating Mathematical Reasoning of Foundation Models in Visual Contexts

Reference 15

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T11:42:31.508812Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:42:31.508812Z digest=sha256:9bd562a237e7fc35fc808ec04179446b06f436415a0a68938f2e1bc7209d6b6f

Observation e247fa40-6feb-40df-b932-ad1f10538e07 · outbound

This paper cites Learn to explain: Multimodal reasoning via thought chains for science question answering.

K12Vista: Exploring the Boundaries of MLLMs in K-12 Education Learn to explain: Multimodal reasoning via thought chains for science question answering

Reference 16

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T11:42:31.529436Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:42:31.529436Z digest=sha256:da1faf0f8574b6a84dda1f290be02ab561a516d93753c33643657f87c6547d2f

Observation b921e606-e208-4135-8a00-2d8a793905e1 · outbound

This paper cites Improve Mathematical Reasoning in Language Models by Automated Process Supervision.

K12Vista: Exploring the Boundaries of MLLMs in K-12 Education Improve Mathematical Reasoning in Language Models by Automated Process Supervision

Reference 17

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T11:42:31.558325Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:42:31.558325Z digest=sha256:2ddcaf736906efb334ae42b39574d703bce355873991a52f65c9185ed3ea2b0e

Observation 4d26f70b-0ff1-446f-b9fb-338efb076717 · outbound

This paper cites Ok-vqa: A visual question answering benchmark requiring external knowledge.

K12Vista: Exploring the Boundaries of MLLMs in K-12 Education Ok-vqa: A visual question answering benchmark requiring external knowledge

Reference 18

Resolution
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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T11:42:31.585256Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:42:31.585256Z digest=sha256:4c24851a5e5d98e1a05dc850f23d7d1ca0be8ca19f6ae776efa10398df411b08

Observation 6b626787-4a88-450f-aa31-89bd02f5d8a1 · outbound

This paper cites Gpt-4v(ision) system card.

K12Vista: Exploring the Boundaries of MLLMs in K-12 Education Gpt-4v(ision) system card

Reference 19

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T11:42:33.558193Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:42:31.607696Z digest=sha256:138b83fa5639621eeed55478f460b08eee26436f7fbd6c47f58bcd151d0ea2c1

Observation 2fe76357-6b7a-453c-b5cb-3575eb4bc560 · outbound

This paper cites Gpt-o1-mini: A multimodal language model.

K12Vista: Exploring the Boundaries of MLLMs in K-12 Education Gpt-o1-mini: A multimodal language model

Reference 20

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T11:42:33.507654Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:42:31.638842Z digest=sha256:5d9163b549d59f8345a227f2cfc151fdcb61b330202fba7d64269f4e11dc5edc

Observation 70ebe27a-5ad0-4e78-81cb-9fdf0d785b72 · outbound

This paper cites Gpt-o3-mini: A cost-effective reasoning model.

K12Vista: Exploring the Boundaries of MLLMs in K-12 Education Gpt-o3-mini: A cost-effective reasoning model

Reference 21

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T11:42:33.464286Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:42:31.663002Z digest=sha256:f13d106bca0792aab15c559011122666ef0b3cea9d814caaba297b5dd10b5bc4

Observation efbfdaf2-08ea-4f0a-9f37-239a6fbfee9f · outbound

This paper cites Qvq: To see the world with wisdom.

K12Vista: Exploring the Boundaries of MLLMs in K-12 Education Qvq: To see the world with wisdom

Reference 22

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T11:42:33.411539Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:42:31.693337Z digest=sha256:ec82cb94f5018a219f5bc1e659b1a32d11af95de99d559d972f8578ab11a97ec

Observation 2f9f1f7f-0c32-4da2-9792-b1e5b254ccf4 · outbound

This paper cites Measuring Vision-Language STEM Skills of Neural Models.

K12Vista: Exploring the Boundaries of MLLMs in K-12 Education Measuring Vision-Language STEM Skills of Neural Models

Reference 23

Resolution
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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T11:42:31.713104Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:42:31.713104Z digest=sha256:a7d00133a48669f5a7b2860a8e5bd0829eac4220fe9783bc3aa7d14cf80b070e

Observation d7a941e1-0ad3-45ba-b481-0e943ecad205 · outbound

This paper cites Towards vqa models that can read.

K12Vista: Exploring the Boundaries of MLLMs in K-12 Education Towards vqa models that can read

Reference 24

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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T11:42:31.733191Z

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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:42:31.733191Z digest=sha256:667dd94af9ab3ff5d2d75e2b0e9addc247507c3e2f212706c798b5c89e676b08

Observation a8ff2904-5e61-45a2-b92c-3602fa3c2743 · outbound

This paper cites Gemini: A Family of Highly Capable Multimodal Models.

K12Vista: Exploring the Boundaries of MLLMs in K-12 Education Gemini: A Family of Highly Capable Multimodal Models

Reference 25

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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T11:42:31.769842Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:42:31.769842Z digest=sha256:48618df48b8deda572e52e336fcfe5892043b8f724d8508aa12820f37dfd7430

Observation abf41daf-e556-41f2-a9b7-434fd57f2578 · outbound

This paper cites Enhancing the Reasoning Ability of Multimodal Large Language Models via Mixed Preference Optimization.

K12Vista: Exploring the Boundaries of MLLMs in K-12 Education Enhancing the Reasoning Ability of Multimodal Large Language Models via Mixed Preference Optimization

Reference 26

Resolution
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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T11:42:31.791426Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:42:31.791426Z digest=sha256:51a3b2f863fc4d3101f70fb12221736a9bf4663b48c0c3dd6a4a812e5d0bc6b9

Observation 35195a0a-124e-4c7d-a219-b93373d467c6 · outbound

This paper cites VisualPRM: An Effective Process Reward Model for Multimodal Reasoning.

K12Vista: Exploring the Boundaries of MLLMs in K-12 Education VisualPRM: An Effective Process Reward Model for Multimodal Reasoning

Reference 27

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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T11:42:31.819593Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:42:31.819593Z digest=sha256:5871048704cd47ba9975a2fbd819445574ade3004b9891f394a1f3b69d96493a

Observation d9fadd79-fc97-45b5-a2f3-62f1e1d8cbb1 · outbound

This paper cites Grok-1.5 vision preview.

K12Vista: Exploring the Boundaries of MLLMs in K-12 Education Grok-1.5 vision preview

Reference 28

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T11:42:33.363524Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:42:31.827557Z digest=sha256:4fb69ed96bd43ecce83018b9078c1d755342a980761dd20025efb9be2a3edefb

Observation 80487419-40d4-4f9e-b772-932a98d7c3ae · outbound

This paper cites Qwen2.5 Technical Report.

K12Vista: Exploring the Boundaries of MLLMs in K-12 Education Qwen2.5 Technical Report

Reference 30

Resolution
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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T11:42:31.834080Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:42:31.834080Z digest=sha256:1c430b1f7a7af9dc4fe093edfd513668fc1ccddb130fe89267690ceec84032b1

Observation d1c45e31-fb02-4e5b-b502-aee39ba2530f · outbound

This paper cites Mmmu: A massive multi-discipline multimodal understanding and reasoning benchmark for expert agi.

K12Vista: Exploring the Boundaries of MLLMs in K-12 Education Mmmu: A massive multi-discipline multimodal understanding and reasoning benchmark for expert agi

Reference 31

Resolution
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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T11:42:31.836806Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:42:31.836806Z digest=sha256:6b58b746da43718e010df07e3cfdec5b6e881a53b8abedbf8660fdb4bfb0e84b

Observation efac8a70-1508-4590-b55e-63ff854e8669 · outbound

This paper cites Mathverse: Does your multi-modal llm truly see the diagrams in visual math problems? In European Conference on Computer Vision, pages 169–186.

K12Vista: Exploring the Boundaries of MLLMs in K-12 Education Mathverse: Does your multi-modal llm truly see the diagrams in visual math problems? In European Conference on Computer Vision, pages 169–186

Reference 32

Resolution
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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T11:42:31.842350Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:42:31.842350Z digest=sha256:020a41117e442975bdd766940ebda05196031a139c76c1d0512483951b695459

Observation 7c058078-7d17-4f0a-bb07-7e142f1c3182 · outbound

This paper cites GAOKAO-MM: A Chinese Human-Level Benchmark for Multimodal Models Evaluation.

K12Vista: Exploring the Boundaries of MLLMs in K-12 Education GAOKAO-MM: A Chinese Human-Level Benchmark for Multimodal Models Evaluation

Reference 33

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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T11:42:31.845202Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:42:31.845202Z digest=sha256:58100911478821fa90880a8a9d2974b87331c31c668ceeccd0663efda9cd3d2a

Observation 6a814080-cf38-4f80-a2c8-a386b07610f4 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

K12Vista: Exploring the Boundaries of MLLMs in K-12 Education Unresolved cited work

Reference 34

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T11:42:33.288418Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:42:31.848305Z digest=sha256:f7e81c6309150f93d6fa039b54a34f5b448163c457dd039eaa3fd1d734212796

Observation 1ecf05a2-3169-47b1-9e95-396a0d0ed265 · outbound

This paper cites 0" or "1.

K12Vista: Exploring the Boundaries of MLLMs in K-12 Education 0" or "1

Reference 35

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T11:42:33.242274Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:42:31.854430Z digest=sha256:412b2dd41bd221d01b94c86df6f2ab766b456d4f05c4ade4eacf127ae864c4b6

Observation 323dbf5e-bc21-42de-8692-b79c2aa29ea4 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

K12Vista: Exploring the Boundaries of MLLMs in K-12 Education Unresolved cited work

Reference 36

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unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T11:42:33.196387Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:42:31.858251Z digest=sha256:d96648a5ac804638d369522363ad9b9e456560b83a1dca845ec9709c96ec9a24

Observation 094e6e63-25d3-4717-a6df-bcaee821de95 · outbound

This paper cites Garbled content, unidentifiable subjects, or nonsensical elements are prohibited.

K12Vista: Exploring the Boundaries of MLLMs in K-12 Education Garbled content, unidentifiable subjects, or nonsensical elements are prohibited

Reference 37

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T11:42:33.139586Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:42:31.863048Z digest=sha256:f14a7a09f117fa457dbe08fac4345cc37a2290f208bf677bbab4a1c2826108bc

Observation feb201b7-d9a4-4815-ae18-4a012de3fb97 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

K12Vista: Exploring the Boundaries of MLLMs in K-12 Education Unresolved cited work

Reference 38

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T11:42:33.097205Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:42:31.866083Z digest=sha256:11e3f6997e0747624f964bdad12554660210be7fcd1e78f0efa181fd0c02bd9a

Observation 84c4473d-fb19-4774-ad84-becc7b029f2f · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

K12Vista: Exploring the Boundaries of MLLMs in K-12 Education Unresolved cited work

Reference 39

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T11:42:33.026471Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:42:31.869135Z digest=sha256:8c33219adf4fc1f7581187e1f6ef5ccdbe2ccec1aeeeeb25bfd63256a0a72d13

Observation 69d492dc-5b30-407c-96db-671da21e94a7 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

K12Vista: Exploring the Boundaries of MLLMs in K-12 Education Unresolved cited work

Reference 40

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T11:42:32.983546Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:42:31.874739Z digest=sha256:cc0c3516a533af3ff28ca140c27461fedf203acc920236575ae8aa75775f5e70

Observation 9cbd1abd-0777-4735-9a7a-1e55de4da2e4 · outbound

This paper cites unclear question focus or undefined conditions.

K12Vista: Exploring the Boundaries of MLLMs in K-12 Education unclear question focus or undefined conditions

Reference 41

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T11:42:32.934101Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:42:31.878100Z digest=sha256:436c1b1ecfd09cac3de6e3e95ada848939638c073a20be3d3efbc581ccddc8d8

Observation 41a1460b-3cc5-45f5-9ef6-179d0f59ee44 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

K12Vista: Exploring the Boundaries of MLLMs in K-12 Education Unresolved cited work

Reference 42

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T11:42:32.891242Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:42:31.881834Z digest=sha256:93b1deca5d47d39b636c7374636138af96aa51d7380671eb28f00381947deb7d

Observation 8849c1bf-4ef1-4009-8b00-f194288a13a5 · outbound

This paper cites 0" (unqualified) or.

K12Vista: Exploring the Boundaries of MLLMs in K-12 Education 0" (unqualified) or

Reference 43

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T11:42:32.830645Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:42:31.885254Z digest=sha256:c2d572d28ecff51b00c62186d2739034531bca9fcc611380ab2f32a1a5bb5bc1

Observation 860e0dae-0fd7-4df2-ae94-2408a5dd5bf9 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

K12Vista: Exploring the Boundaries of MLLMs in K-12 Education Unresolved cited work

Reference 44

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T11:42:32.751056Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:42:31.889224Z digest=sha256:6d4a94ba63b3250dcf1fa6da8583695931e6fd027e92ba0514d8dd207cb471a5

Observation 13a911fd-791b-473c-b555-68be79bccb97 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

K12Vista: Exploring the Boundaries of MLLMs in K-12 Education Unresolved cited work

Reference 45

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T11:42:32.704651Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:42:31.895489Z digest=sha256:929efee3f2de7365f1b4d4c9515bd44af6380d6ceda929b7403351c526757276

Observation 7692ed35-4514-468f-9cd5-6626e69961f6 · outbound

This paper cites perceive.

K12Vista: Exploring the Boundaries of MLLMs in K-12 Education perceive

Reference 46

Resolution
malformed identifier
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T11:42:32.660708Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:42:31.898469Z digest=sha256:096f273c177e46a85083d14598bb4dc73e9ad684845b2ae7fa357cdd82016c8d

Observation 5eaf5117-c144-4454-8de9-059bf33ab3ac · outbound

This paper cites Question Type: Multiple Choice.

K12Vista: Exploring the Boundaries of MLLMs in K-12 Education Question Type: Multiple Choice

Reference 47

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T11:42:32.617248Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:42:31.901674Z digest=sha256:adff2b0fb6dd3b34c15f162dce4c62e4a3de65564598a48409272fafc2b0d3cf

Observation e412b9ec-31fc-48ee-aa03-9edd1dfa2ea1 · outbound

This paper cites Question Type: Multiple Choice.

K12Vista: Exploring the Boundaries of MLLMs in K-12 Education Question Type: Multiple Choice

Reference 48

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T11:42:32.559259Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:42:31.907726Z digest=sha256:bbda8a0446f8e0fed4e36e17fc790fe794178c421a953f8a38c725518133a9ba

Observation 9e03db49-d273-4bd8-bc2e-ad488959bbf2 · outbound

This paper cites Question Type: Fill-in-Blank.

K12Vista: Exploring the Boundaries of MLLMs in K-12 Education Question Type: Fill-in-Blank

Reference 50

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T11:42:32.455284Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:42:31.918398Z digest=sha256:72dbe8552e1f4b05224a7a1943d9aacbb7932c0dee4611be90180114b0e2d1bf

Observation b998ffeb-9347-4794-b4c4-0d57dc7d805a · outbound

This paper cites Question Type: Free Response.

K12Vista: Exploring the Boundaries of MLLMs in K-12 Education Question Type: Free Response

Reference 52

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T11:42:32.407321Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:42:31.932086Z digest=sha256:fec47c65be422fc85df871f5417a7282bed9b53a1efbf89d3a99e72c90d28c27

Observation eb071cbc-43fe-4458-9234-cdd0fee14681 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

K12Vista: Exploring the Boundaries of MLLMs in K-12 Education Unresolved cited work

Reference 53

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T11:42:32.509528Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:42:31.937103Z digest=sha256:05b9c6a56f5038e376e21b68222440475a33070736d6e1712e3127b1550b95a9

Observation c518628d-1c85-4b16-abb6-0342c12efaa0 · outbound

This paper cites We designed six distinct prompts for MLLM inference, tailored to different reasoning modes and question types.

K12Vista: Exploring the Boundaries of MLLMs in K-12 Education We designed six distinct prompts for MLLM inference, tailored to different reasoning modes and question types

Reference 54

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T11:42:32.351952Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:42:31.940056Z digest=sha256:fdd1e71ff12a33b3e8df0e45df5c517dd4b6f25ad430b31e5b2a90074a8e4f91

Observation b281e6ac-bab6-404d-a48a-35af7b9e91a3 · outbound

This paper cites The text question contains one or more parts that require the student's answer, which should be one or more words or phrases.

K12Vista: Exploring the Boundaries of MLLMs in K-12 Education The text question contains one or more parts that require the student's answer, which should be one or more words or phrases

Reference 55

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T11:42:32.282751Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:42:31.943311Z digest=sha256:155481408e231cb54679abb332b9c45a877536592b0cce259526fbb425338e96

Observation 22b37963-8f07-4ee1-8131-79c66c348851 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

K12Vista: Exploring the Boundaries of MLLMs in K-12 Education Unresolved cited work

Reference 56

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T11:42:32.229145Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:42:31.946508Z digest=sha256:120ba1ea52415ba0a9d9a12aab167fb3b2cc8abd41c353d35af769adf5b4f1da

Observation 0bf1c849-24f3-4b77-bcf4-ce0b0f6d84fe · outbound

This paper cites If a student's answer for a specific blank position is not found, record it as 'empty'.

K12Vista: Exploring the Boundaries of MLLMs in K-12 Education If a student's answer for a specific blank position is not found, record it as 'empty'

Reference 57

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T11:42:32.185960Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:42:31.949116Z digest=sha256:a15588de70a3704f91b257904d100b81e52e9e69627a63d67659c90b71739128

Observation ae0648a5-5dd5-44b3-a2a3-efab9e4d3313 · outbound

This paper cites Reference Answer 1.

K12Vista: Exploring the Boundaries of MLLMs in K-12 Education Reference Answer 1

Reference 58

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T11:42:32.131385Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:42:31.973151Z digest=sha256:97925b7a48c3548210742a1ac55c179ddf064d01a80f33f4734cf5ddfc8ddc0c

Pith citing papers

Observation 4b1c1c75-5d34-46c0-8c46-ffb7f5dba0ec · inbound

EduFlow: Advancing MLLMs' Problem-Solving Proficiency through Multi-Stage, Multi-Perspective Critique cites this paper.

EduFlow: Advancing MLLMs' Problem-Solving Proficiency through Multi-Stage, Multi-Perspective Critique K12Vista: Exploring the Boundaries of MLLMs in K-12 Education

Reference 15

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T18:04:53.791144Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-06T18:04:53.791144Z digest=sha256:e6ca61359ba0edeb4e2566f84bd4b1cd32106a7aeb33b383b1c25f775be47831

Observation 5106882a-d494-4609-82d5-f913e2181cb7 · inbound

LiveK12Bench: Have Large Multimodal Models Truly Conquered High School-level Examinations? cites this paper.

LiveK12Bench: Have Large Multimodal Models Truly Conquered High School-level Examinations? K12Vista: Exploring the Boundaries of MLLMs in K-12 Education

Reference 14

Resolution
verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-06-29T17:33:45.013812Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-06-29T17:33:03.397468Z digest=sha256:58b8a7af143b4b0b4603bed2b9b82bcccff96545de03324a8e6a07cac736859f