Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Borrowing on Belief? Consumer Confidence and U.S. Credit -- A VECM Study

As of 7 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 12 of 12 outbound references and 1 inbound Pith citation observation for arXiv:2505.21832.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2505.21832 v1

Coverage vector

measured 12 of 12 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-07T13:27:21.461310Z

measured 13 of 13 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00

measured 1 of 1 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-07T13:27:20.931418Z

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: pith, observed 2026-08-07T13:27:21.774021Z

Reference resolution

12 of 12 outbound references displayed

verified exact2
verified fuzzy4
unresolved5
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier1
metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation 4500e5ff-ad50-4c6e-8658-00b0b4d9b6e8 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Borrowing on Belief? Consumer Confidence and U.S. Credit -- A VECM Study Unresolved cited work

Reference 1

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T13:27:23.317601Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

Observation 0ade78e5-b3f7-4450-a064-55f376e08006 · outbound

This paper cites Figure 1: Time–series evolution of key U.S.

Borrowing on Belief? Consumer Confidence and U.S. Credit -- A VECM Study Figure 1: Time–series evolution of key U.S

Reference 2

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T13:27:22.888203Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

Observation cf580dc9-983a-4c12-998b-bd5712c17bce · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Borrowing on Belief? Consumer Confidence and U.S. Credit -- A VECM Study Unresolved cited work

Reference 4

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T13:27:23.024805Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

Observation 9f4f1b2e-7356-4c88-a134-ab4644af1592 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Borrowing on Belief? Consumer Confidence and U.S. Credit -- A VECM Study Unresolved cited work

Reference 5

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T13:27:22.762516Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

Observation 4c2b73a6-775f-492b-b3f5-8f648a968561 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Borrowing on Belief? Consumer Confidence and U.S. Credit -- A VECM Study Unresolved cited work

Reference 7

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T13:27:21.187464Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation c150fb07-cfa8-43b6-baff-ca8710c1c561 · outbound

This paper cites (2025).US total consumer credit outstand- ing.

Borrowing on Belief? Consumer Confidence and U.S. Credit -- A VECM Study (2025).US total consumer credit outstand- ing

Reference 11

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T13:27:22.239498Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

Observation 0a442db6-f603-4e0f-b0a6-193e3407c9ab · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Borrowing on Belief? Consumer Confidence and U.S. Credit -- A VECM Study Unresolved cited work

Reference 12

Resolution: malformed identifier; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T13:27:22.061174Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

Observation 0607198f-a38b-46d2-9364-d98bd00cdba8 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Borrowing on Belief? Consumer Confidence and U.S. Credit -- A VECM Study Unresolved cited work

Reference 257

Resolution: verified exact; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T13:27:21.662364Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

Observation e1c245e4-01ae-4e75-9369-28d6330bec7f · outbound

This paper cites The findings from regression and Granger-causality analyses confirm a unidirectional causal relationship from con- sumer confidence to household credit-card expenditures.

Borrowing on Belief? Consumer Confidence and U.S. Credit -- A VECM Study The findings from regression and Granger-causality analyses confirm a unidirectional causal relationship from con- sumer confidence to household credit-card expenditures

Reference 2006

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T13:27:23.172991Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

Observation 043d9416-02d6-4bc4-ac14-a9cf5fe69e5e · outbound

This paper cites (2025, May 3).

Borrowing on Belief? Consumer Confidence and U.S. Credit -- A VECM Study (2025, May 3)

Reference 2020

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T13:27:22.626780Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

Observation e99d532f-45c1-4e2e-9874-56aab0f344f8 · outbound

This paper cites Borrowing on Belief? Consumer Confidence and U.S. Credit -- A VECM Study.

Borrowing on Belief? Consumer Confidence and U.S. Credit -- A VECM Study Borrowing on Belief? Consumer Confidence and U.S. Credit -- A VECM Study

Reference 2024

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-07T13:27:21.862423Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

Observation 01aaacae-65e2-4559-b538-c827483bdbe9 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Borrowing on Belief? Consumer Confidence and U.S. Credit -- A VECM Study Unresolved cited work

Reference 2025

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T13:27:22.446564Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

Pith citing papers

Observation e99d532f-45c1-4e2e-9874-56aab0f344f8 · inbound