Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

HIT Model: A Hierarchical Interaction-Enhanced Two-Tower Model for Pre-Ranking Systems

As of 7 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 37 of 37 outbound references and 0 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2505.19849.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2505.19849 v2

Coverage vector

measured 37 of 37 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-07T14:11:41.666225Z

measured 37 of 37 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00

measured 0 of 0 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: cited_works

Reference resolution

37 of 37 outbound references displayed

verified exact0
verified fuzzy0
unresolved37
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier0
metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation 002fee52-042d-4d3c-8d9a-006ebb6a9238 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

HIT Model: A Hierarchical Interaction-Enhanced Two-Tower Model for Pre-Ranking Systems Unresolved cited work

Reference 1

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:11:38.563347Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation e0d6eea6-6f88-48d9-b7af-88824d1194c1 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

HIT Model: A Hierarchical Interaction-Enhanced Two-Tower Model for Pre-Ranking Systems Unresolved cited work

Reference 2

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:11:43.005679Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

Observation dc57f7b7-1875-4341-a99e-d1105f7a4e65 · outbound

This paper cites DeepFM: A Factorization-Machine based Neural Network for CTR Prediction.

HIT Model: A Hierarchical Interaction-Enhanced Two-Tower Model for Pre-Ranking Systems DeepFM: A Factorization-Machine based Neural Network for CTR Prediction

Reference 3

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:11:38.894028Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation ce888f3e-702f-48da-a8a1-e264ed7f40f7 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

HIT Model: A Hierarchical Interaction-Enhanced Two-Tower Model for Pre-Ranking Systems Unresolved cited work

Reference 4

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:11:42.907068Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

Observation 212398e7-6540-4fe3-986c-243bf1d457d8 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

HIT Model: A Hierarchical Interaction-Enhanced Two-Tower Model for Pre-Ranking Systems Unresolved cited work

Reference 5

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:11:39.156941Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation af430d04-0714-44c4-af4a-95a94d04edc9 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

HIT Model: A Hierarchical Interaction-Enhanced Two-Tower Model for Pre-Ranking Systems Unresolved cited work

Reference 6

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:11:39.285463Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 9f91b532-00c0-4fc2-bc51-e43195f62b86 · outbound

This paper cites Poly-encoders: Transformer Architectures and Pre-training Strategies for Fast and Accurate Multi-sentence Scoring.

HIT Model: A Hierarchical Interaction-Enhanced Two-Tower Model for Pre-Ranking Systems Poly-encoders: Transformer Architectures and Pre-training Strategies for Fast and Accurate Multi-sentence Scoring

Reference 7

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:11:39.443473Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 9d091c39-4070-479c-9b0b-fa9f828be270 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

HIT Model: A Hierarchical Interaction-Enhanced Two-Tower Model for Pre-Ranking Systems Unresolved cited work

Reference 8

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:11:42.781374Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

Observation 44e35b6d-d550-4fa0-b0a1-d54fd3f51d74 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

HIT Model: A Hierarchical Interaction-Enhanced Two-Tower Model for Pre-Ranking Systems Unresolved cited work

Reference 9

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:11:42.644432Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

Observation af2ea6a8-44f1-44dc-895c-e01fcf8aadc7 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

HIT Model: A Hierarchical Interaction-Enhanced Two-Tower Model for Pre-Ranking Systems Unresolved cited work

Reference 10

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:11:42.563087Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

Observation 865fcda9-db44-4ec9-b017-4f7ec0ed4816 · outbound

This paper cites ERNIE-Search: Bridging Cross-Encoder with Dual-Encoder via Self On-the-fly Distillation for Dense Passage Retrieval.

HIT Model: A Hierarchical Interaction-Enhanced Two-Tower Model for Pre-Ranking Systems ERNIE-Search: Bridging Cross-Encoder with Dual-Encoder via Self On-the-fly Distillation for Dense Passage Retrieval

Reference 11

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:11:39.917341Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 4ef8cb78-d0cb-442e-ba34-644eee4e4b06 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

HIT Model: A Hierarchical Interaction-Enhanced Two-Tower Model for Pre-Ranking Systems Unresolved cited work

Reference 12

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:11:40.041912Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 225ed1f0-2ffd-43f3-9306-d61f552b3bdd · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

HIT Model: A Hierarchical Interaction-Enhanced Two-Tower Model for Pre-Ranking Systems Unresolved cited work

Reference 13

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:11:40.236503Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 0a09ffd0-84ba-48fc-8fc1-a9d1199b405b · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

HIT Model: A Hierarchical Interaction-Enhanced Two-Tower Model for Pre-Ranking Systems Unresolved cited work

Reference 14

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:11:40.295660Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 38cee09a-da73-4b1f-917f-a5dbc6604d9e · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

HIT Model: A Hierarchical Interaction-Enhanced Two-Tower Model for Pre-Ranking Systems Unresolved cited work

Reference 15

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:11:40.429258Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation d87754c0-ed01-42aa-9f38-8934f0c2efe3 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

HIT Model: A Hierarchical Interaction-Enhanced Two-Tower Model for Pre-Ranking Systems Unresolved cited work

Reference 16

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:11:40.550668Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 3143cab4-8d60-4fdc-ae58-45269594083c · outbound

This paper cites In 2016 IEEE 16th international conference on data mining (ICDM).

HIT Model: A Hierarchical Interaction-Enhanced Two-Tower Model for Pre-Ranking Systems In 2016 IEEE 16th international conference on data mining (ICDM)

Reference 17

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:11:40.367328Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 7ae51841-1f2e-4f91-97be-2ab7e749895f · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

HIT Model: A Hierarchical Interaction-Enhanced Two-Tower Model for Pre-Ranking Systems Unresolved cited work

Reference 18

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:11:42.410725Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

Observation 52c33211-96f0-4c49-ad30-145350ad9e61 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

HIT Model: A Hierarchical Interaction-Enhanced Two-Tower Model for Pre-Ranking Systems Unresolved cited work

Reference 19

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:11:42.326995Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

Observation 3908f60d-9143-4942-9f2f-a5a64d6280ee · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

HIT Model: A Hierarchical Interaction-Enhanced Two-Tower Model for Pre-Ranking Systems Unresolved cited work

Reference 20

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:11:40.621274Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation cab3d3f4-306e-4d6c-86e9-83f67d3a4afd · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

HIT Model: A Hierarchical Interaction-Enhanced Two-Tower Model for Pre-Ranking Systems Unresolved cited work

Reference 21

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:11:42.241626Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

Observation ae701660-5e01-49a8-8c43-8ecc0a9c8a11 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

HIT Model: A Hierarchical Interaction-Enhanced Two-Tower Model for Pre-Ranking Systems Unresolved cited work

Reference 22

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:11:42.135388Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

Observation 341d01be-95a0-4b0d-b14a-ad7240ab6365 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

HIT Model: A Hierarchical Interaction-Enhanced Two-Tower Model for Pre-Ranking Systems Unresolved cited work

Reference 23

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:11:41.223445Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 3aa50134-c83f-4708-926c-a57436cd0ce8 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

HIT Model: A Hierarchical Interaction-Enhanced Two-Tower Model for Pre-Ranking Systems Unresolved cited work

Reference 24

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:11:41.017076Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 9f7d9ef6-a2c5-42b9-ba44-87b3487aa91c · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

HIT Model: A Hierarchical Interaction-Enhanced Two-Tower Model for Pre-Ranking Systems Unresolved cited work

Reference 25

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:11:42.034826Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

Observation 2db3ced8-7c43-4061-b34a-e3021c8506f3 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

HIT Model: A Hierarchical Interaction-Enhanced Two-Tower Model for Pre-Ranking Systems Unresolved cited work

Reference 26

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:11:41.929187Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

Observation e2a67e01-930d-41f2-91a1-6ed938cff10b · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

HIT Model: A Hierarchical Interaction-Enhanced Two-Tower Model for Pre-Ranking Systems Unresolved cited work

Reference 27

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:11:41.459148Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 5a0353c0-4df5-4b6e-92bc-a3c77be4ed87 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

HIT Model: A Hierarchical Interaction-Enhanced Two-Tower Model for Pre-Ranking Systems Unresolved cited work

Reference 28

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:11:41.525249Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation bd4b4fd7-de47-477f-a5c1-4e2952f03740 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

HIT Model: A Hierarchical Interaction-Enhanced Two-Tower Model for Pre-Ranking Systems Unresolved cited work

Reference 29

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:11:41.581350Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 7eee2085-1227-4789-8ce4-32921df991a5 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

HIT Model: A Hierarchical Interaction-Enhanced Two-Tower Model for Pre-Ranking Systems Unresolved cited work

Reference 30

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:11:41.319902Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 9b1648e6-5683-49f3-b567-4faed6477872 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

HIT Model: A Hierarchical Interaction-Enhanced Two-Tower Model for Pre-Ranking Systems Unresolved cited work

Reference 31

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:11:41.666225Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 88cab0c0-1a5b-4b96-8902-2f4dd4a6dd27 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

HIT Model: A Hierarchical Interaction-Enhanced Two-Tower Model for Pre-Ranking Systems Unresolved cited work

Reference 36

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:11:41.823178Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.

Observation 74d0c98c-05ac-4f2c-bbc2-9d55ab1dbf6e · outbound

This paper cites In Proceedings of the 19th ACM SIGKDD international conference on Knowledge discovery and data mining.

HIT Model: A Hierarchical Interaction-Enhanced Two-Tower Model for Pre-Ranking Systems In Proceedings of the 19th ACM SIGKDD international conference on Knowledge discovery and data mining

Reference 2013

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:11:40.142700Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation de7837b3-34b9-4e37-adeb-643f18f11491 · outbound

This paper cites In Proceedings of the 1st workshop on deep learning for recommender systems.

HIT Model: A Hierarchical Interaction-Enhanced Two-Tower Model for Pre-Ranking Systems In Proceedings of the 1st workshop on deep learning for recommender systems

Reference 2016

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:11:38.643703Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 5365c170-0afb-4eaf-91ae-1ea83ecd6e47 · outbound

This paper cites COLD: Towards the Next Generation of Pre-Ranking System.

HIT Model: A Hierarchical Interaction-Enhanced Two-Tower Model for Pre-Ranking Systems COLD: Towards the Next Generation of Pre-Ranking System

Reference 2020

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:11:41.096441Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 526f8695-ce91-4902-b56c-2febef92932f · outbound

This paper cites Distilled Dual-Encoder Model for Vision-Language Understanding.

HIT Model: A Hierarchical Interaction-Enhanced Two-Tower Model for Pre-Ranking Systems Distilled Dual-Encoder Model for Vision-Language Understanding

Reference 2021

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:11:40.911809Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 70fa3183-69fb-4520-8548-bad87b7313eb · outbound

This paper cites In Proceedings of the 28th ACM SIGKDD Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining.

HIT Model: A Hierarchical Interaction-Enhanced Two-Tower Model for Pre-Ranking Systems In Proceedings of the 28th ACM SIGKDD Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining

Reference 2022

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:11:41.273411Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Pith citing papers

No inbound Pith citation observations are available.