Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Learnable yet not simulable: a quantum resource theory of learning models

As of 17 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 17 of 17 outbound references and 0 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2608.02325.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2608.02325 v1

Coverage vector

measured 17 of 17 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-04T09:25:13.943262Z

measured 17 of 17 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00

measured 0 of 0 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: cited_works

Reference resolution

17 of 17 outbound references displayed

verified exact0
verified fuzzy0
unresolved16
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier1
metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation 958e0e5d-00ec-4925-a617-6fc1dfac7c5a · outbound

This paper cites Finally, the state|χ f ⟩F is transformed into the desired probability-amplitude-encoded state|ψ f ⟩F by applying a tensor product ofdtwo-qubit gates.

Learnable yet not simulable: a quantum resource theory of learning models Finally, the state|χ f ⟩F is transformed into the desired probability-amplitude-encoded state|ψ f ⟩F by applying a tensor product ofdtwo-qubit gates

Reference 1

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-04T09:25:12.181807Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation b15835ab-8a66-4fe2-9872-8b44c35ba0a8 · outbound

This paper cites Sparse-Pauli block encoding of the observable We first construct the observable block encoding required for coherent expectation-value evaluation.

Learnable yet not simulable: a quantum resource theory of learning models Sparse-Pauli block encoding of the observable We first construct the observable block encoding required for coherent expectation-value evaluation

Reference 2

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-04T09:25:12.280979Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 029bbcf3-1c55-4bb5-a7d0-fee1e44e6f48 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Learnable yet not simulable: a quantum resource theory of learning models Unresolved cited work

Reference 3

Resolution: malformed identifier; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-04T09:25:12.384335Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation dbee471b-8899-4582-bbc2-3318755cb6ba · outbound

This paper cites Coherently controlled grid circuit.

Learnable yet not simulable: a quantum resource theory of learning models Coherently controlled grid circuit

Reference 4

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-04T09:25:12.493185Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 258fe1b1-7b6a-41b0-b392-78e3ddd46f4d · outbound

This paper cites r 2 3 f(α 0)− f(α 1) +f(α −1)√ 6 # = 1p3νf.

Learnable yet not simulable: a quantum resource theory of learning models r 2 3 f(α 0)− f(α 1) +f(α −1)√ 6 # = 1p3νf

Reference 5

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-04T09:25:12.601846Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation d9ec7ca2-859e-4fb7-a523-69bfbf723aa6 · outbound

This paper cites Lemma 10 shows thatW f prepares the sampled expectation- value state|χ f ⟩in its good subspace with probabilityν f /∥a∥2.

Learnable yet not simulable: a quantum resource theory of learning models Lemma 10 shows thatW f prepares the sampled expectation- value state|χ f ⟩in its good subspace with probabilityν f /∥a∥2

Reference 6

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-04T09:25:12.708757Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 5f8b45fb-fb34-4489-bda7-2b1850adeb41 · outbound

This paper cites Reinitializing all registers makes repeated outcomes independent, and retaining their distinct values gives|Λ q| ≤mf.

Learnable yet not simulable: a quantum resource theory of learning models Reinitializing all registers makes repeated outcomes independent, and retaining their distinct values gives|Λ q| ≤mf

Reference 7

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-04T09:25:12.789417Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation ef535ae3-7579-488e-b746-a9c7ce2d070c · outbound

This paper cites (F9) and completes the proof.

Learnable yet not simulable: a quantum resource theory of learning models (F9) and completes the proof

Reference 8

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-04T09:25:12.871862Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 6ff214e7-ce74-4451-9237-fd88529a26b5 · outbound

This paper cites Lemma 14.Letp(ω) = 2 −∥ω∥0 Tr(ρ0Qω)2/νf be a probability distribution induced by the circuit expectationf(x) = Tr(ρ0U(x) †OU(x))over the frequencyω∈ {0,1,−1} d.

Learnable yet not simulable: a quantum resource theory of learning models Lemma 14.Letp(ω) = 2 −∥ω∥0 Tr(ρ0Qω)2/νf be a probability distribution induced by the circuit expectationf(x) = Tr(ρ0U(x) †OU(x))over the frequencyω∈ {0,1,−1} d

Reference 9

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-04T09:25:12.958249Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation fde9a66d-3244-4813-b646-113319fbe58d · outbound

This paper cites [60], the core of the proof is to show that theDSE-guided classical surrogateh q(x) in Eq.

Learnable yet not simulable: a quantum resource theory of learning models [60], the core of the proof is to show that theDSE-guided classical surrogateh q(x) in Eq

Reference 10

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-04T09:25:13.058717Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 2c42b37d-7ae1-4f70-870d-c7a592c2d1ca · outbound

This paper cites First, letX:=−log(p(ω)), whereω∈ {0,1,−1} d follows the distribution p(ω).

Learnable yet not simulable: a quantum resource theory of learning models First, letX:=−log(p(ω)), whereω∈ {0,1,−1} d follows the distribution p(ω)

Reference 11

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-04T09:25:13.194439Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 0da2a8ff-4467-4598-a16a-b8b5a33ff45c · outbound

This paper cites In this regard, we first recall theBQPcomplexity class.

Learnable yet not simulable: a quantum resource theory of learning models In this regard, we first recall theBQPcomplexity class

Reference 12

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-04T09:25:13.318834Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 29428bb3-fc2c-4a86-9034-31f622b8950b · outbound

This paper cites Proof of Lemma 15.This proof consists of two parts, which separately derive the product form off ℓ(x) given the evolved observableO(x, Uℓ) =U † ℓ (x)OUℓ(x) defined in Eq.

Learnable yet not simulable: a quantum resource theory of learning models Proof of Lemma 15.This proof consists of two parts, which separately derive the product form off ℓ(x) given the evolved observableO(x, Uℓ) =U † ℓ (x)OUℓ(x) defined in Eq

Reference 13

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-04T09:25:13.426752Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 99645864-a06c-4d12-bbdb-25b9fab9ca3f · outbound

This paper cites We first describe the learning-based surrogates and classical simulation methods considered in the benchmarks, and then specify the metric used to evaluate their performance.

Learnable yet not simulable: a quantum resource theory of learning models We first describe the learning-based surrogates and classical simulation methods considered in the benchmarks, and then specify the metric used to evaluate their performance

Reference 14

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-04T09:25:13.530500Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 657a2c14-30a1-4197-ab56-87171edae768 · outbound

This paper cites In this section, we complement the random-circuit experiments conducted in Fig.

Learnable yet not simulable: a quantum resource theory of learning models In this section, we complement the random-circuit experiments conducted in Fig

Reference 15

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-04T09:25:13.696717Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 48aea026-27d0-453b-96aa-d08822c81d65 · outbound

This paper cites 3 by further separating the effect of the system sizes and the number of rotation gates, the latter of which controls theDSEof the considered circuit.

Learnable yet not simulable: a quantum resource theory of learning models 3 by further separating the effect of the system sizes and the number of rotation gates, the latter of which controls theDSEof the considered circuit

Reference 16

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-04T09:25:13.841352Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 559fb9db-7045-4c24-9818-009f00405a8e · outbound

This paper cites In the following, we first introduce how to use the classical surrogate to pre-train variational quantum eigensolvers, and then introduce the numerical settings and results.

Learnable yet not simulable: a quantum resource theory of learning models In the following, we first introduce how to use the classical surrogate to pre-train variational quantum eigensolvers, and then introduce the numerical settings and results

Reference 17

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-04T09:25:13.943262Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Pith citing papers

No inbound Pith citation observations are available.