Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Segment First or Comprehend First? Explore the Limit of Unsupervised Word Segmentation with Large Language Models

As of 22 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 50 of 50 outbound references and 0 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2505.19631.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2505.19631 v1

Coverage vector

measured 50 of 50 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-07T14:14:33.100278Z

measured 50 of 50 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00

measured 0 of 0 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: cited_works

Reference resolution

50 of 50 outbound references displayed

verified exact9
verified fuzzy1
unresolved38
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier1
metadata mismatch1

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation d7e5430c-02e4-4dcc-ab2b-fbb7fca42fa6 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Segment First or Comprehend First? Explore the Limit of Unsupervised Word Segmentation with Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 1

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:14:40.022369Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation 57a69d49-58ca-4054-90e8-2546b48c8629 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Segment First or Comprehend First? Explore the Limit of Unsupervised Word Segmentation with Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 2

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:14:39.869838Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation a5c75507-4b39-4c5d-a037-ee1802091dbc · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Segment First or Comprehend First? Explore the Limit of Unsupervised Word Segmentation with Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 3

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:14:39.591374Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation 18690790-580f-4c15-959c-1e2d1b6b8911 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Segment First or Comprehend First? Explore the Limit of Unsupervised Word Segmentation with Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 4

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:14:29.678021Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation ba80bf49-2fb5-4de3-933b-7f565ffc69a8 · outbound

This paper cites Qwen Technical Report.

Segment First or Comprehend First? Explore the Limit of Unsupervised Word Segmentation with Large Language Models Qwen Technical Report

Reference 5

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:14:29.770790Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 5faec228-dd53-44cd-bd8a-60f984f48d88 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Segment First or Comprehend First? Explore the Limit of Unsupervised Word Segmentation with Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 6

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-07T14:14:34.060063Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation 37776231-1811-4cbe-8bf3-064b6cb90acd · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Segment First or Comprehend First? Explore the Limit of Unsupervised Word Segmentation with Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 7

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:14:39.348659Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation 62353c35-f312-40f4-b1ed-0c6c05f786b2 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Segment First or Comprehend First? Explore the Limit of Unsupervised Word Segmentation with Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 8

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-07T14:14:33.922009Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation 15012daf-52ea-49b6-9bac-5e7dfb80d5cb · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Segment First or Comprehend First? Explore the Limit of Unsupervised Word Segmentation with Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 9

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-07T14:14:33.810961Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation 51d51984-b081-4a75-8d35-5a8530491965 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Segment First or Comprehend First? Explore the Limit of Unsupervised Word Segmentation with Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 10

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-07T14:14:33.691430Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation 4fb37216-3005-4421-829b-cabac030c3df · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Segment First or Comprehend First? Explore the Limit of Unsupervised Word Segmentation with Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 11

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:14:39.058921Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation 6709b8be-71d0-412f-86c6-6499e93b3670 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Segment First or Comprehend First? Explore the Limit of Unsupervised Word Segmentation with Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 12

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:14:38.814271Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation f0160526-25fb-4457-bcac-06d273705f32 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Segment First or Comprehend First? Explore the Limit of Unsupervised Word Segmentation with Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 13

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:14:38.564628Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation 3bc2ed94-f43f-405e-b545-9383faa8a17a · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Segment First or Comprehend First? Explore the Limit of Unsupervised Word Segmentation with Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 14

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:14:38.356984Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation a29d2a39-d410-4046-99cd-001136792bc2 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Segment First or Comprehend First? Explore the Limit of Unsupervised Word Segmentation with Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 15

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:14:38.241810Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation 9283819f-002a-4f27-8b72-d96df8089030 · outbound

This paper cites Seeking Common but Distinguishing Difference, A Joint Aspect-based Sentiment Analysis Model.

Segment First or Comprehend First? Explore the Limit of Unsupervised Word Segmentation with Large Language Models Seeking Common but Distinguishing Difference, A Joint Aspect-based Sentiment Analysis Model

Reference 16

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-07T14:14:34.731753Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation 386ddcbe-13ac-4ff1-aa42-496781f79568 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Segment First or Comprehend First? Explore the Limit of Unsupervised Word Segmentation with Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 17

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:14:38.039481Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation a0486a61-b398-4ffe-a6a0-9da2d6b89b26 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Segment First or Comprehend First? Explore the Limit of Unsupervised Word Segmentation with Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 18

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:14:37.876235Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation 1482b01a-2e2b-4be3-bea3-fb64aadc1651 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Segment First or Comprehend First? Explore the Limit of Unsupervised Word Segmentation with Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 19

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:14:37.685619Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation abde6e36-15ba-4686-9b5b-9975218c4e3a · outbound

This paper cites Lafferty, Andrew McCallum, and Fernando C.

Segment First or Comprehend First? Explore the Limit of Unsupervised Word Segmentation with Large Language Models Lafferty, Andrew McCallum, and Fernando C

Reference 20

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:14:30.683470Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation e0f1eeea-8968-4ce2-81b7-63d585d7ff32 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Segment First or Comprehend First? Explore the Limit of Unsupervised Word Segmentation with Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 21

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:14:37.506792Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation 195cffc1-506c-48bf-84f6-2e8bc29cf410 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Segment First or Comprehend First? Explore the Limit of Unsupervised Word Segmentation with Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 22

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:14:30.832986Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation b4ea5345-93a2-4fca-bce7-a0d9cf67c428 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Segment First or Comprehend First? Explore the Limit of Unsupervised Word Segmentation with Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 23

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:14:37.333195Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation a9dbe4cf-4600-4a17-8c5d-218b2285dd9d · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Segment First or Comprehend First? Explore the Limit of Unsupervised Word Segmentation with Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 24

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Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 0aa52408-861f-4915-b0bb-ef4615bcd37b · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Segment First or Comprehend First? Explore the Limit of Unsupervised Word Segmentation with Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 25

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:14:37.191952Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation bf2c2506-79bc-455a-921e-195eacfffa09 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Segment First or Comprehend First? Explore the Limit of Unsupervised Word Segmentation with Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 26

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:14:37.056861Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation 19908549-c3c2-4449-b717-a085cbf284a1 · outbound

This paper cites Language Modelling Approaches to Adaptive Machine Translation.

Segment First or Comprehend First? Explore the Limit of Unsupervised Word Segmentation with Large Language Models Language Modelling Approaches to Adaptive Machine Translation

Reference 27

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-07T14:14:33.552961Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation ef1fc9c7-cf6c-4c67-90c4-e1e074f22e30 · outbound

This paper cites o khan T \.

Segment First or Comprehend First? Explore the Limit of Unsupervised Word Segmentation with Large Language Models o khan T \

Reference 28

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:14:31.506434Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation a8634f53-104e-4c85-8673-960f2a943a74 · outbound

This paper cites Universal Dependencies v2: An Evergrowing Multilingual Treebank Collection.

Segment First or Comprehend First? Explore the Limit of Unsupervised Word Segmentation with Large Language Models Universal Dependencies v2: An Evergrowing Multilingual Treebank Collection

Reference 29

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:14:31.575778Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 10b4d43c-4fee-4511-9529-5e84da2b4061 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Segment First or Comprehend First? Explore the Limit of Unsupervised Word Segmentation with Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 30

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:14:36.904060Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation f6824a08-5aad-4fe7-8a6c-6be92feb9cf3 · outbound

This paper cites Ponte and W.

Segment First or Comprehend First? Explore the Limit of Unsupervised Word Segmentation with Large Language Models Ponte and W

Reference 31

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:14:31.695744Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 01323192-7c20-4f7d-ad76-585b77d5cc2b · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Segment First or Comprehend First? Explore the Limit of Unsupervised Word Segmentation with Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 32

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:14:36.751027Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation 34b5e0cc-7f59-4422-9b41-de8acc9bf4db · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Segment First or Comprehend First? Explore the Limit of Unsupervised Word Segmentation with Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 33

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:14:36.606565Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation ef5a272c-98ce-46e1-aac3-db98cbb76da3 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Segment First or Comprehend First? Explore the Limit of Unsupervised Word Segmentation with Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 34

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:14:36.418876Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation 5125afef-8399-4645-8472-1d1169a65604 · outbound

This paper cites Jordan, Matthew J.

Segment First or Comprehend First? Explore the Limit of Unsupervised Word Segmentation with Large Language Models Jordan, Matthew J

Reference 35

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:14:36.202538Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation 1910e0d0-d279-4996-9d38-a8fcddb00f10 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Segment First or Comprehend First? Explore the Limit of Unsupervised Word Segmentation with Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 36

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-07T14:14:33.406472Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation 5a022a73-f958-4e0b-a01d-b51440de127e · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Segment First or Comprehend First? Explore the Limit of Unsupervised Word Segmentation with Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 37

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:14:36.046976Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation 78a5bd8f-f41e-4e5d-952a-4e2b884d2920 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Segment First or Comprehend First? Explore the Limit of Unsupervised Word Segmentation with Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 38

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:14:35.898810Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation ba5ef979-f571-46d5-8e81-f48ff141fe8c · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Segment First or Comprehend First? Explore the Limit of Unsupervised Word Segmentation with Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 39

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:14:35.711290Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation 2b6c5a34-2a6d-4976-bb88-df439d320f32 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Segment First or Comprehend First? Explore the Limit of Unsupervised Word Segmentation with Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 40

Resolution: malformed identifier; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:14:32.473180Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation b8e9f1e8-7de1-45bd-baf7-985524f12c74 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Segment First or Comprehend First? Explore the Limit of Unsupervised Word Segmentation with Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 41

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:14:35.496356Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation 11702b71-912a-4e38-92d4-7173cf311926 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Segment First or Comprehend First? Explore the Limit of Unsupervised Word Segmentation with Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 42

Resolution: metadata mismatch; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:14:34.454677Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation f5be8d62-ac55-437a-a537-c20079d3f023 · outbound

This paper cites Beyond Chain-of-Thought, Effective Graph-of-Thought Reasoning in Language Models.

Segment First or Comprehend First? Explore the Limit of Unsupervised Word Segmentation with Large Language Models Beyond Chain-of-Thought, Effective Graph-of-Thought Reasoning in Language Models

Reference 43

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:14:32.634311Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 09676cb3-497b-4068-83f8-6d724660c764 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Segment First or Comprehend First? Explore the Limit of Unsupervised Word Segmentation with Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 44

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-07T14:14:33.257333Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation 44913d46-5136-4b82-a58d-cfd71befcfd8 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Segment First or Comprehend First? Explore the Limit of Unsupervised Word Segmentation with Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 45

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:14:35.316620Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation 20c9d28f-e834-4d2f-8b7f-ada1125d47d3 · outbound

This paper cites Chinese Word Segmentation: Another Decade Review (2007-2017).

Segment First or Comprehend First? Explore the Limit of Unsupervised Word Segmentation with Large Language Models Chinese Word Segmentation: Another Decade Review (2007-2017)

Reference 46

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-07T14:14:34.236708Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation 06f0d4e2-22f5-467f-b36f-f960adef8286 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Segment First or Comprehend First? Explore the Limit of Unsupervised Word Segmentation with Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 47

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:14:35.116481Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation 1733e578-81b3-4d10-b03f-abfddb1ec6e2 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Segment First or Comprehend First? Explore the Limit of Unsupervised Word Segmentation with Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 48

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T14:14:34.950007Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation 3eef86c2-1fa6-41f5-9d83-fda3160cd535 · outbound

This paper cites online" 'onlinestring :=.

Segment First or Comprehend First? Explore the Limit of Unsupervised Word Segmentation with Large Language Models online" 'onlinestring :=

Reference 49

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:14:33.018111Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 26dddd92-9af9-421d-800d-c1ec9487b593 · outbound

This paper cites write newline.

Segment First or Comprehend First? Explore the Limit of Unsupervised Word Segmentation with Large Language Models write newline

Reference 50

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:14:33.100278Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Pith citing papers

No inbound Pith citation observations are available.