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The Gauss formulas for Laplacians on submanifolds

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arxiv 2212.11928 v2 pith:LFRT3C3H submitted 2022-12-22 math.DG math.AP

classification math.DGmath.AP
keywords connectionformulaformulasgausslaplaciansfieldformlaplacian
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abstract

There are several types of Laplacians of a vector field on a Riemannian manifold. These include the Bochner and the Hodge Laplacian. The Gauss formula for the Levi-Civita connection relates the extrinsic connection to the intrinsic connection. We extend the Gauss formula for the connection to formulas for the different types of Laplacians of a vector field on a submanifold of any codimension $k\geq 1$. In the process, we derive a Gauss formula for the Ricci operator, formulas for the divergence of the second fundamental form, and a formula for the Laplacian of a $1$-form on a surface of revolution in terms of the Lie derivatives. The formulas have applications to the study of the formulation of the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations on a Riemannian manifold.

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    Wall conditions on a thin shell select the viscous operator: stress-free walls give the deformation Laplacian, vorticity-free walls the Hodge Laplacian, universally on any hypersurface, with a one-parameter family int...

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