Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-12T05:19:47.003348Z
Paper Citation Record · LEDGER
The Illusion of Cross-Lingual Safety in Low-Resource Languages
As of 18 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 29 of 29 outbound references and 0 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2608.11146.
A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.
Coverage vector
One-hop event checks from named stored sources.
Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00
Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links
A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.
Source: cited_works
Reference resolution
29 of 29 outbound references displayed
- verified exact5
- verified fuzzy3
- unresolved21
- parse uncertain0
- malformed identifier0
- metadata mismatch0
External citation measurements
No source-named external measurement is stored.
Outbound references
Observation fe8cbe6c-765f-4d71-81be-0bd1190e3527 · outbound
This paper cites The Language Barrier: Dissecting Safety Challenges of LLM s in Multilingual Contexts.
The Illusion of Cross-Lingual Safety in Low-Resource Languages The Language Barrier: Dissecting Safety Challenges of LLM s in Multilingual Contexts
Reference 1
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T05:19:46.849423Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 64e41dbc-bab4-4611-8033-abcac9dba7e5 · outbound
This paper cites All Languages Matter: On the Multilingual Safety of LLM s.
The Illusion of Cross-Lingual Safety in Low-Resource Languages All Languages Matter: On the Multilingual Safety of LLM s
Reference 2
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T05:19:46.856674Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation b151ab68-6184-45ba-a755-3a60421678bd · outbound
This paper cites The State of Multilingual LLM Safety Research: From Measuring The Language Gap To Mitigating It.
The Illusion of Cross-Lingual Safety in Low-Resource Languages The State of Multilingual LLM Safety Research: From Measuring The Language Gap To Mitigating It
Reference 3
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T05:19:46.862911Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 9e413e9e-7283-42e5-bf97-82d442151d2d · outbound
This paper cites The Thirty-eighth Annual Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems , year=.
The Illusion of Cross-Lingual Safety in Low-Resource Languages The Thirty-eighth Annual Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems , year=
Reference 4
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T05:19:46.867870Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 80524a33-4bc9-4c8c-baa0-c3e512a777dd · outbound
This paper cites The Thirty-ninth Annual Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems , year=.
The Illusion of Cross-Lingual Safety in Low-Resource Languages The Thirty-ninth Annual Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems , year=
Reference 5
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T05:19:46.874444Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation c3df23b9-3c4c-4ccb-b988-419504673312 · outbound
This paper cites Second Conference on Language Modeling , year=.
The Illusion of Cross-Lingual Safety in Low-Resource Languages Second Conference on Language Modeling , year=
Reference 6
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T05:19:46.879573Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 1bcc2a81-2e6a-402c-9b1b-ce782284650f · outbound
This paper cites C ulture G uard: Towards Culturally-Aware Dataset and Guard Model for Multilingual Safety Applications.
The Illusion of Cross-Lingual Safety in Low-Resource Languages C ulture G uard: Towards Culturally-Aware Dataset and Guard Model for Multilingual Safety Applications
Reference 7
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T05:19:46.887746Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 58e72351-79c8-4c0b-8369-dbfb76171649 · outbound
This paper cites U nity AI Guard: Pioneering Toxicity Detection Across Low-Resource I ndian Languages.
The Illusion of Cross-Lingual Safety in Low-Resource Languages U nity AI Guard: Pioneering Toxicity Detection Across Low-Resource I ndian Languages
Reference 8
- Resolution
- verified exact
- doi, observed 2026-08-12T05:19:47.140701Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.
Observation d6af9e62-3224-4f36-8979-6aac2587364a · outbound
This paper cites AEGIS 2.0: A Diverse AI Safety Dataset and Risks Taxonomy for Alignment of LLM Guardrails.
The Illusion of Cross-Lingual Safety in Low-Resource Languages AEGIS 2.0: A Diverse AI Safety Dataset and Risks Taxonomy for Alignment of LLM Guardrails
Reference 9
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T05:19:46.898797Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 253105a3-cc05-4efd-aa3c-bd741567c8ec · outbound
This paper cites 2025 , eprint=.
The Illusion of Cross-Lingual Safety in Low-Resource Languages 2025 , eprint=
Reference 10
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T05:19:46.903491Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation ec68429a-25fe-4f9d-a2e7-f97c4765de3b · outbound
This paper cites The Eleventh International Conference on Learning Representations , year=.
The Illusion of Cross-Lingual Safety in Low-Resource Languages The Eleventh International Conference on Learning Representations , year=
Reference 11
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T05:19:46.907248Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 0bc9da48-9cd0-45fb-90ca-78f58f30f517 · outbound
This paper cites 2025 , eprint=.
The Illusion of Cross-Lingual Safety in Low-Resource Languages 2025 , eprint=
Reference 12
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T05:19:46.913755Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 6d75e0d5-455c-49f6-8972-bbd6d33ecacd · outbound
This paper cites from Benign import Toxic: Jailbreaking the Language Model via Adversarial Metaphors.
The Illusion of Cross-Lingual Safety in Low-Resource Languages from Benign import Toxic: Jailbreaking the Language Model via Adversarial Metaphors
Reference 13
- Resolution
- verified exact
- doi, observed 2026-08-12T05:19:47.116016Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.
Observation 9d8a5611-da93-4716-8cae-b1ebe100bb5e · outbound
This paper cites 2026 , eprint=.
The Illusion of Cross-Lingual Safety in Low-Resource Languages 2026 , eprint=
Reference 14
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T05:19:47.534778Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.
Observation c65f817c-ef37-446d-91fa-d954c2247d63 · outbound
This paper cites Crosslingual Generalization through Multitask Finetuning.
The Illusion of Cross-Lingual Safety in Low-Resource Languages Crosslingual Generalization through Multitask Finetuning
Reference 15
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T05:19:46.928086Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation ae77b1cc-7347-4cdf-af4b-eccfdbd39249 · outbound
This paper cites Unsupervised Cross-lingual Representation Learning at Scale.
The Illusion of Cross-Lingual Safety in Low-Resource Languages Unsupervised Cross-lingual Representation Learning at Scale
Reference 16
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T05:19:46.933409Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 4c534ad5-1731-4e3f-9e52-378a1c73ab77 · outbound
This paper cites The Eleventh International Conference on Learning Representations , year=.
The Illusion of Cross-Lingual Safety in Low-Resource Languages The Eleventh International Conference on Learning Representations , year=
Reference 17
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T05:19:46.939033Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 4ecc577f-1087-4d7d-9404-a1b1c3fb3569 · outbound
This paper cites Proceedings of the 62nd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers).
The Illusion of Cross-Lingual Safety in Low-Resource Languages Proceedings of the 62nd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers)
Reference 18
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T05:19:46.943410Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation a6bf6608-7f62-4a1e-8b9a-3e9cb007202d · outbound
This paper cites Do-Not-Answer: Evaluating Safeguards in LLM s.
The Illusion of Cross-Lingual Safety in Low-Resource Languages Do-Not-Answer: Evaluating Safeguards in LLM s
Reference 19
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T05:19:46.953700Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation f7c22896-89e1-490e-ac03-b3505ae13c2e · outbound
This paper cites RLHF Can Speak Many Languages: Unlocking Multilingual Preference Optimization for LLM s.
The Illusion of Cross-Lingual Safety in Low-Resource Languages RLHF Can Speak Many Languages: Unlocking Multilingual Preference Optimization for LLM s
Reference 20
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T05:19:46.958675Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 390c8bdb-d538-46ea-8f70-bea9ae4d70fe · outbound
This paper cites Cross-lingual Transfer of Reward Models in Multilingual Alignment.
The Illusion of Cross-Lingual Safety in Low-Resource Languages Cross-lingual Transfer of Reward Models in Multilingual Alignment
Reference 21
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T05:19:46.965835Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 8d6f0b84-dab6-47f8-b701-62837bdf66b8 · outbound
This paper cites Amplify Initiative: Building A Localized Data Platform for Globalized AI.
The Illusion of Cross-Lingual Safety in Low-Resource Languages Amplify Initiative: Building A Localized Data Platform for Globalized AI
Reference 22
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T05:19:46.970856Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 02637ec8-1e68-45a0-9c7b-c5617a9ec962 · outbound
This paper cites Proceedings of the 2026 ACM Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency , pages =.
The Illusion of Cross-Lingual Safety in Low-Resource Languages Proceedings of the 2026 ACM Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency , pages =
Reference 23
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T05:19:47.507726Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.
Observation dbc55fba-457e-427b-8bc7-c146eee2ed1b · outbound
This paper cites U buntu G uard: A Culturally-Grounded Policy Benchmark for Equitable AI Safety in A frican Languages.
The Illusion of Cross-Lingual Safety in Low-Resource Languages U buntu G uard: A Culturally-Grounded Policy Benchmark for Equitable AI Safety in A frican Languages
Reference 24
- Resolution
- verified exact
- doi, observed 2026-08-12T05:19:47.055975Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.
Observation 8c38a818-bb53-4415-81b6-5ed2b09ec84a · outbound
This paper cites 2026 , eprint=.
The Illusion of Cross-Lingual Safety in Low-Resource Languages 2026 , eprint=
Reference 25
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T05:19:47.494016Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.
Observation dcc83bab-74fd-4ba6-8095-05c23f7f3f75 · outbound
This paper cites Multilingual Refusal Alignment for Safer Large Language Models.
The Illusion of Cross-Lingual Safety in Low-Resource Languages Multilingual Refusal Alignment for Safer Large Language Models
Reference 26
- Resolution
- verified exact
- doi, observed 2026-08-12T05:19:47.040495Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.
Observation 7bc4c854-79d7-4166-9a4f-7eff193bdda5 · outbound
This paper cites Large language models hallucination: A comprehensive survey , journal =.
The Illusion of Cross-Lingual Safety in Low-Resource Languages Large language models hallucination: A comprehensive survey , journal =
Reference 27
- Resolution
- verified exact
- arxiv_id_nonexistent, observed 2026-08-12T05:19:47.452017Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-17T06:30:58.91139+00:00.
Observation a847310f-3819-44af-a29c-cc076566f575 · outbound
This paper cites 2025 , eprint=.
The Illusion of Cross-Lingual Safety in Low-Resource Languages 2025 , eprint=
Reference 28
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T05:19:46.998246Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 16516590-b90c-4b54-9e5a-c356d2de68f7 · outbound
This paper cites 2025 , url=.
The Illusion of Cross-Lingual Safety in Low-Resource Languages 2025 , url=
Reference 29
- Resolution
- unresolved
- no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T05:19:47.003348Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Pith citing papers
No inbound Pith citation observations are available.