Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

MACAW: A Causal Generative Model for Medical Imaging

As of 18 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 32 of 32 outbound references and 3 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2412.02900.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2412.02900 v1

Coverage vector

measured 32 of 32 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-11T23:04:31.689533Z

measured 35 of 35 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00

measured 3 of 3 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-07-13T18:52:41.486444Z

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: arxiv_reference, observed 2026-06-30T13:24:40.749775Z

Reference resolution

32 of 32 outbound references displayed

verified exact5
verified fuzzy7
unresolved20
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier0
metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation bec2d093-35fb-4b48-99ac-cec0428b7772 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

MACAW: A Causal Generative Model for Medical Imaging Unresolved cited work

Reference 1

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-11T23:04:31.893703Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 4d8e0fae-bf91-4ef1-bce7-c842eed7d7ba · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

MACAW: A Causal Generative Model for Medical Imaging Unresolved cited work

Reference 2

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T23:04:32.708903Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation bcf4508f-4a70-47f7-8fb9-b5ed6d88c297 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

MACAW: A Causal Generative Model for Medical Imaging Unresolved cited work

Reference 3

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T23:04:31.540552Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 5ba3403f-d06a-494a-af7e-797ae6387eb8 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

MACAW: A Causal Generative Model for Medical Imaging Unresolved cited work

Reference 4

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-11T23:04:31.865049Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 0fa18a08-0a33-4f1f-8ae2-9cd64d0493e3 · outbound

This paper cites Souza, A.

MACAW: A Causal Generative Model for Medical Imaging Souza, A

Reference 5

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T23:04:31.550804Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 86dde4d5-1b37-491d-bffd-6c088a752b20 · outbound

This paper cites Sanchez, J.

MACAW: A Causal Generative Model for Medical Imaging Sanchez, J

Reference 6

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T23:04:31.555905Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation c2187d46-1899-48e0-96c6-0c0982919c2b · outbound

This paper cites Pearl, The Causal Foundations of Structural Equation Mode ling:, Tech.

MACAW: A Causal Generative Model for Medical Imaging Pearl, The Causal Foundations of Structural Equation Mode ling:, Tech

Reference 7

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-11T23:04:31.835110Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation cd8f5afc-c630-4f8f-885e-094d573c0e25 · outbound

This paper cites Pawlowski, D.

MACAW: A Causal Generative Model for Medical Imaging Pawlowski, D

Reference 8

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T23:04:32.691360Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation cef42306-da79-4cd1-ad17-6ed981e493d5 · outbound

This paper cites The Causal-Neural Connection: Expressiveness, Learnability, and Inference.

MACAW: A Causal Generative Model for Medical Imaging The Causal-Neural Connection: Expressiveness, Learnability, and Inference

Reference 9

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T23:04:31.571079Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation b5838070-c012-44d0-a87a-1c00b5fcb7cd · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

MACAW: A Causal Generative Model for Medical Imaging Unresolved cited work

Reference 10

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T23:04:32.673132Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation dec5d7d8-c3c2-42a4-9f83-e4be115a5e69 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

MACAW: A Causal Generative Model for Medical Imaging Unresolved cited work

Reference 11

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T23:04:31.581572Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation e7e43782-c06c-48f6-a97d-d56ce2f9624a · outbound

This paper cites Diffusion Causal Models for Counterfactual Estimation.

MACAW: A Causal Generative Model for Medical Imaging Diffusion Causal Models for Counterfactual Estimation

Reference 12

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T23:04:31.586512Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 994dcc4f-9549-45aa-b8f6-880bcce7a387 · outbound

This paper cites Wilms, J.

MACAW: A Causal Generative Model for Medical Imaging Wilms, J

Reference 13

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T23:04:31.591703Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 69f807be-c87e-44ca-8a0d-27a8e00f7207 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

MACAW: A Causal Generative Model for Medical Imaging Unresolved cited work

Reference 14

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T23:04:31.596520Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 751e33e0-0646-4506-9b90-1a6aa1d12d8e · outbound

This paper cites Peters, D.

MACAW: A Causal Generative Model for Medical Imaging Peters, D

Reference 15

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T23:04:32.654125Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 03de8edd-8203-428d-9a00-810e2223b43f · outbound

This paper cites Glymour, K.

MACAW: A Causal Generative Model for Medical Imaging Glymour, K

Reference 16

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T23:04:32.636372Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 9e952f2d-253e-4ba3-b528-df1c7ee8190f · outbound

This paper cites Kobyzev, S.

MACAW: A Causal Generative Model for Medical Imaging Kobyzev, S

Reference 17

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T23:04:31.611510Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 9936ee1d-cf92-4f2c-aa0a-4d2ada694c40 · outbound

This paper cites Wehenkel, G.

MACAW: A Causal Generative Model for Medical Imaging Wehenkel, G

Reference 18

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T23:04:32.617503Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation febd433c-e3dd-4d1d-9f36-f2d21571dfa5 · outbound

This paper cites Khemakhem, R.

MACAW: A Causal Generative Model for Medical Imaging Khemakhem, R

Reference 19

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T23:04:32.599313Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation fab7a2c7-2b74-4980-be08-00f6b8ded847 · outbound

This paper cites Germain, K.

MACAW: A Causal Generative Model for Medical Imaging Germain, K

Reference 20

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T23:04:32.579424Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation a3dd1257-2b47-49ad-ac75-1a19f60eabfb · outbound

This paper cites Papamakarios, T.

MACAW: A Causal Generative Model for Medical Imaging Papamakarios, T

Reference 21

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T23:04:32.560234Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation f27e184b-1271-42fb-aa99-df3607b33ae1 · outbound

This paper cites Measuring axiomatic soundness of counterfactual image models.

MACAW: A Causal Generative Model for Medical Imaging Measuring axiomatic soundness of counterfactual image models

Reference 22

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T23:04:31.636188Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 4f77e066-8a78-451c-90b7-de36eca19503 · outbound

This paper cites Benchmarking Counterfactual Image Generation.

MACAW: A Causal Generative Model for Medical Imaging Benchmarking Counterfactual Image Generation

Reference 23

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T23:04:31.642675Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 7b52e595-9530-47b9-bd9b-17f7abf4b1d6 · outbound

This paper cites Rethinking the Inception Architecture for Computer Vision.

MACAW: A Causal Generative Model for Medical Imaging Rethinking the Inception Architecture for Computer Vision

Reference 24

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T23:04:31.647837Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 335709fd-b912-4281-ae83-289ad1c94f71 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

MACAW: A Causal Generative Model for Medical Imaging Unresolved cited work

Reference 25

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T23:04:31.653142Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation cbf3db5a-8b43-40f0-94a5-b1d08e2e613d · outbound

This paper cites Rohlﬁng, N.

MACAW: A Causal Generative Model for Medical Imaging Rohlﬁng, N

Reference 26

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T23:04:31.657848Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 7a85abad-e23d-471b-9fd6-14b89ba40598 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

MACAW: A Causal Generative Model for Medical Imaging Unresolved cited work

Reference 27

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T23:04:31.662675Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 311b6b70-94a5-41f2-aa66-4964f3984af2 · outbound

This paper cites Lotze, M.

MACAW: A Causal Generative Model for Medical Imaging Lotze, M

Reference 28

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-11T23:04:31.747084Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation f260f05f-5bb7-440c-9e8d-138af5163e7b · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

MACAW: A Causal Generative Model for Medical Imaging Unresolved cited work

Reference 29

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-11T23:04:31.730688Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 6e964f70-9ab3-4721-843a-7a6eff51ec74 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

MACAW: A Causal Generative Model for Medical Imaging Unresolved cited work

Reference 30

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T23:04:31.678309Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation d755abef-2dc6-4af2-8be9-eb0dd5fdc510 · outbound

This paper cites Counterfactual Fairness.

MACAW: A Causal Generative Model for Medical Imaging Counterfactual Fairness

Reference 31

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T23:04:31.683974Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 23e3f773-9366-4b04-84f9-911a8bbe6200 · outbound

This paper cites CounteRGAN: Generating Realistic Counterfactuals with Residual Generative Adversarial Nets.

MACAW: A Causal Generative Model for Medical Imaging CounteRGAN: Generating Realistic Counterfactuals with Residual Generative Adversarial Nets

Reference 32

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T23:04:31.689533Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Pith citing papers

Observation 7e5908ee-8708-4d59-a560-d246230937a3 · inbound

Causal Transfer in Medical Image Analysis cites this paper.

Causal Transfer in Medical Image Analysis MACAW: A Causal Generative Model for Medical Imaging

Reference 164

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-13T18:52:41.486444Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 10766b8f-cf9c-49f5-ac3c-109e17571f12 · inbound

MuCALD-SplitFed: Causal-Latent Diffusion for Privacy-Preserving Multi-Task Split-Federated Medical Image Segmentation cites this paper.

MuCALD-SplitFed: Causal-Latent Diffusion for Privacy-Preserving Multi-Task Split-Federated Medical Image Segmentation MACAW: A Causal Generative Model for Medical Imaging

Reference 19

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-07-22T00:22:11.139703Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 12ee191f-efb7-4384-8368-9a1706501b78 · inbound

A Neuroimaging Simulation Framework for Developing and Evaluating Causal AI cites this paper.

A Neuroimaging Simulation Framework for Developing and Evaluating Causal AI MACAW: A Causal Generative Model for Medical Imaging

Reference 25

Resolution: metadata mismatch; arxiv_id, observed 2026-07-22T00:22:11.139703Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.