Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Evaluating Large Language Models for Causal Modeling

As of 13 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 17 of 17 outbound references and 0 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2411.15888.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2411.15888 v1

Coverage vector

measured 17 of 17 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-12T13:50:00.156537Z

measured 17 of 17 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00

measured 0 of 0 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: cited_works

Reference resolution

17 of 17 outbound references displayed

verified exact1
verified fuzzy7
unresolved9
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier0
metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation 6f433ea1-dd41-42ad-b6f1-67063f2d4f91 · outbound

This paper cites Causal Parrots: Large Language Models May Talk Causality But Are Not Causal.

Evaluating Large Language Models for Causal Modeling Causal Parrots: Large Language Models May Talk Causality But Are Not Causal

Reference 3

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T13:50:00.104576Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 925bdd83-16d4-4247-8c5d-0d0d5764be8d · outbound

This paper cites Spock at fincausal 2022: Causal information extraction using span-based and sequence tagging models.

Evaluating Large Language Models for Causal Modeling Spock at fincausal 2022: Causal information extraction using span-based and sequence tagging models

Reference 7

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T13:50:00.318619Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

Observation 6eb3f997-5420-4fee-892a-5c5c64ca6cff · outbound

This paper cites Causal BERT : Language models for causality detection between events expressed in text.

Evaluating Large Language Models for Causal Modeling Causal BERT : Language models for causality detection between events expressed in text

Reference 8

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T13:50:00.124212Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 4351e96c-2149-4910-8605-0f818e6fba88 · outbound

This paper cites Event causality extraction via implicit cause-effect interactions.

Evaluating Large Language Models for Causal Modeling Event causality extraction via implicit cause-effect interactions

Reference 9

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T13:50:00.308736Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

Observation 2bda8b75-1544-479c-8d47-d1a726d172ad · outbound

This paper cites Causal Reasoning and Large Language Models: Opening a New Frontier for Causality.

Evaluating Large Language Models for Causal Modeling Causal Reasoning and Large Language Models: Opening a New Frontier for Causality

Reference 10

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T13:50:00.131207Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 2a2f851e-a921-415d-a639-835336fcc362 · outbound

This paper cites Lego: A multi-agent collaborative framework with role-playing and iterative feedback for causality explanation generation.

Evaluating Large Language Models for Causal Modeling Lego: A multi-agent collaborative framework with role-playing and iterative feedback for causality explanation generation

Reference 11

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T13:50:00.298543Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

Observation bcc87209-af65-4f48-bc9d-3aa223b00d94 · outbound

This paper cites Causal-discovery performance of chatgpt in the context of neuropathic pain diagnosis, jan.

Evaluating Large Language Models for Causal Modeling Causal-discovery performance of chatgpt in the context of neuropathic pain diagnosis, jan

Reference 12

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T13:50:00.288309Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

Observation 355dc4bd-7c16-4b26-aff8-66202da1fa6f · outbound

This paper cites The causal reasoning ability of open large language model: A comprehensive and exemplary functional testing.

Evaluating Large Language Models for Causal Modeling The causal reasoning ability of open large language model: A comprehensive and exemplary functional testing

Reference 13

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T13:50:00.278138Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

Observation 55dd5eef-6fb2-4840-8cce-bf1240a9aeaa · outbound

This paper cites GPT-4 Technical Report.

Evaluating Large Language Models for Causal Modeling GPT-4 Technical Report

Reference 14

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T13:50:00.145804Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation e57d8f44-46fc-4c5f-883a-a9532d5bff42 · outbound

This paper cites LLaMA: Open and Efficient Foundation Language Models.

Evaluating Large Language Models for Causal Modeling LLaMA: Open and Efficient Foundation Language Models

Reference 15

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T13:50:00.149569Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 5b800757-cf5f-43a8-9ca5-eae8d7e69f05 · outbound

This paper cites Mixtral of Experts.

Evaluating Large Language Models for Causal Modeling Mixtral of Experts

Reference 16

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T13:50:00.153046Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 737598af-86a8-4751-a4a9-0f2096bec4c6 · outbound

This paper cites Richard Hahn, and Huan Liu.

Evaluating Large Language Models for Causal Modeling Richard Hahn, and Huan Liu

Reference 1960

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T13:50:00.328971Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

Observation a10dffed-7291-4983-816c-13ac56e94684 · outbound

This paper cites Can Large Language Models Infer Causation from Correlation?.

Evaluating Large Language Models for Causal Modeling Can Large Language Models Infer Causation from Correlation?

Reference 2009

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T13:50:00.100482Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 3664e219-a616-4056-baed-a5827fb211d0 · outbound

This paper cites doi: 10.1145/3397269.

Evaluating Large Language Models for Causal Modeling doi: 10.1145/3397269

Reference 2020

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T13:50:00.112553Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation b7aa4658-a7d4-4021-9d6b-048c8f7a46e9 · outbound

This paper cites TC-GAT: Graph Attention Network for Temporal Causality Discovery.

Evaluating Large Language Models for Causal Modeling TC-GAT: Graph Attention Network for Temporal Causality Discovery

Reference 2022

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-12T13:50:00.249584Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

Observation 7f52f8ad-379e-44e1-b9e2-4bf2effdb87b · outbound

This paper cites Weakly supervised multilingual causality extraction from wikipedia.

Evaluating Large Language Models for Causal Modeling Weakly supervised multilingual causality extraction from wikipedia

Reference 2023

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-12T13:50:00.339375Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-12T06:34:41.77262+00:00.

Observation 4cf55e44-2372-4646-b53c-3693c1926249 · outbound

This paper cites Mistral 7B.

Evaluating Large Language Models for Causal Modeling Mistral 7B

Reference 2024

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T13:50:00.156537Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Pith citing papers

No inbound Pith citation observations are available.