Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-06-26T04:20:02.722108Z
Paper Citation Record · LEDGER
As of 18 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 41 of 41 outbound references and 3 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2606.27288.
A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.
Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-06-26T04:20:02.722108Z
One-hop event checks from named stored sources.
Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00
Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-12T00:41:10.574009Z
A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.
Source: pith, observed 2026-08-12T00:41:10.746614Z
41 of 41 outbound references displayed
External citation measurements
No source-named external measurement is stored.
Observation 29adf54a-3eaf-4138-9d50-dda2e5150d05 · outbound
When Does Combining Language Models Help? A Co-Failure Ceiling on Routing, Voting, and Mixture-of-Agents Across 67 Frontier Models Tsitsiklis.Introduction to Linear Optimization
Reference 1
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 2dc3ce6b-f435-4b40-9f5f-f0a136238bab · outbound
When Does Combining Language Models Help? A Co-Failure Ceiling on Routing, Voting, and Mixture-of-Agents Across 67 Frontier Models FrugalGPT: How to Use Large Language Models While Reducing Cost and Improving Performance
Reference 2
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation a0e6b167-2495-4d6e-b59d-072321e1e509 · outbound
When Does Combining Language Models Help? A Co-Failure Ceiling on Routing, Voting, and Mixture-of-Agents Across 67 Frontier Models A Unified Approach to Routing and Cascading for LLMs
Reference 3
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation e0a5ee80-656a-4a0b-bb88-22f96aa57379 · outbound
When Does Combining Language Models Help? A Co-Failure Ceiling on Routing, Voting, and Mixture-of-Agents Across 67 Frontier Models Unresolved cited work
Reference 4
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation b7c2c181-8a7f-45fa-8658-bc72922e1a27 · outbound
When Does Combining Language Models Help? A Co-Failure Ceiling on Routing, Voting, and Mixture-of-Agents Across 67 Frontier Models Dixit and Robert S
Reference 5
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 5ea4d041-c992-4d89-a9f4-e5a670fef573 · outbound
When Does Combining Language Models Help? A Co-Failure Ceiling on Routing, Voting, and Mixture-of-Agents Across 67 Frontier Models The devil is in the tails: actuarial mathematics and the subprime mortgage crisis.ASTIN Bulletin, 40(1):1–33, 2010
Reference 6
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 4a9f4280-bdf1-420d-9993-cf5973b101a3 · outbound
When Does Combining Language Models Help? A Co-Failure Ceiling on Routing, Voting, and Mixture-of-Agents Across 67 Frontier Models McNeil, and Daniel Straumann
Reference 7
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation fba27e13-c8e2-49c1-add2-d84227863693 · outbound
When Does Combining Language Models Help? A Co-Failure Ceiling on Routing, Voting, and Mixture-of-Agents Across 67 Frontier Models Cost-of-Pass: An economic framework for evaluating language models
Reference 8
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation 6b3e4cd1-9d6c-4519-afba-38479407a4e1 · outbound
When Does Combining Language Models Help? A Co-Failure Ceiling on Routing, Voting, and Mixture-of-Agents Across 67 Frontier Models Representation of multivariate bernoulli distributions with a given set of specified moments.Journal of Multivariate Analysis, 168:290–303, 2018
Reference 9
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation d6d2f1b2-fd34-4ae9-a1cc-fe6000bea71d · outbound
When Does Combining Language Models Help? A Co-Failure Ceiling on Routing, Voting, and Mixture-of-Agents Across 67 Frontier Models Selective classification for deep neural networks
Reference 10
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation af26074b-a7e9-40ab-b757-3cd2225a0ad8 · outbound
When Does Combining Language Models Help? A Co-Failure Ceiling on Routing, Voting, and Mixture-of-Agents Across 67 Frontier Models Unresolved cited work
Reference 11
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 87e67d21-b3bf-4fc0-9a65-eeb7ff031ddf · outbound
When Does Combining Language Models Help? A Co-Failure Ceiling on Routing, Voting, and Mixture-of-Agents Across 67 Frontier Models RouterBench: A Benchmark for Multi-LLM Routing System
Reference 12
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation e46e67cd-140b-4bef-8264-3858b6cb8fa1 · outbound
When Does Combining Language Models Help? A Co-Failure Ceiling on Routing, Voting, and Mixture-of-Agents Across 67 Frontier Models LLM-Blender: Ensembling Large Language Models with Pairwise Ranking and Generative Fusion
Reference 13
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation 76cc74b8-4988-45d5-9f6a-ae6eda2d43ef · outbound
When Does Combining Language Models Help? A Co-Failure Ceiling on Routing, Voting, and Mixture-of-Agents Across 67 Frontier Models When Does Confidence-Based Cascade Deferral Suffice?
Reference 14
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation 93dd0bbe-ba52-4994-86c4-7581c0363fd6 · outbound
When Does Combining Language Models Help? A Co-Failure Ceiling on Routing, Voting, and Mixture-of-Agents Across 67 Frontier Models Correlated Errors in Large Language Models
Reference 15
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation b194c67a-da44-4ec2-b303-bc6d1b61ea71 · outbound
When Does Combining Language Models Help? A Co-Failure Ceiling on Routing, Voting, and Mixture-of-Agents Across 67 Frontier Models Algorithmic monoculture and social welfare.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 118(22):e2018340118, 2021
Reference 16
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation b5500eae-2104-4ef6-b980-6eb5492a9f77 · outbound
When Does Combining Language Models Help? A Co-Failure Ceiling on Routing, Voting, and Mixture-of-Agents Across 67 Frontier Models Competition when consumers have switching costs.The Review of Economic Studies, 62(4):515–539, 1995
Reference 17
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 14b14b7c-f165-468f-9c7c-1860a180d49f · outbound
When Does Combining Language Models Help? A Co-Failure Ceiling on Routing, Voting, and Mixture-of-Agents Across 67 Frontier Models Neural network ensembles, cross validation, and active learning
Reference 18
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 992fb59f-d57e-4117-aa01-a5ffb10229b4 · outbound
When Does Combining Language Models Help? A Co-Failure Ceiling on Routing, Voting, and Mixture-of-Agents Across 67 Frontier Models Kuncheva.Combining Pattern Classifiers: Methods and Algorithms
Reference 19
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 856a3bd3-8fc1-4599-a38b-26179db0b208 · outbound
When Does Combining Language Models Help? A Co-Failure Ceiling on Routing, Voting, and Mixture-of-Agents Across 67 Frontier Models Kuncheva and Christopher J
Reference 20
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 920f41c9-796e-4293-bc94-69f7de978bd8 · outbound
When Does Combining Language Models Help? A Co-Failure Ceiling on Routing, Voting, and Mixture-of-Agents Across 67 Frontier Models Kuncheva, Christopher J
Reference 21
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 626256e9-dcd7-4660-aa07-1eaf46bc3228 · outbound
When Does Combining Language Models Help? A Co-Failure Ceiling on Routing, Voting, and Mixture-of-Agents Across 67 Frontier Models Unresolved cited work
Reference 22
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 357129bc-5886-4d02-a8af-e471df4bed69 · outbound
When Does Combining Language Models Help? A Co-Failure Ceiling on Routing, Voting, and Mixture-of-Agents Across 67 Frontier Models More Agents Is All You Need
Reference 23
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation 5b5ad1f4-9ad7-4094-9b23-956c4ad5419d · outbound
When Does Combining Language Models Help? A Co-Failure Ceiling on Routing, Voting, and Mixture-of-Agents Across 67 Frontier Models Rethinking Mixture-of-Agents: Is Mixing Different Large Language Models Beneficial?
Reference 24
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation 865e11cb-6d15-4afd-89e4-f47b1f83dc9b · outbound
When Does Combining Language Models Help? A Co-Failure Ceiling on Routing, Voting, and Mixture-of-Agents Across 67 Frontier Models AutoMix: Automatically Mixing Language Models
Reference 25
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation 8f018305-73eb-4b85-a6ba-34989c492da8 · outbound
When Does Combining Language Models Help? A Co-Failure Ceiling on Routing, Voting, and Mixture-of-Agents Across 67 Frontier Models Portfolio selection.The Journal of Finance, 7(1):77–91, 1952
Reference 26
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 0b533e17-de81-4770-90ca-fd45c94ae6ea · outbound
When Does Combining Language Models Help? A Co-Failure Ceiling on Routing, Voting, and Mixture-of-Agents Across 67 Frontier Models Marshall and Ingram Olkin
Reference 27
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation e390aa53-487c-472c-9fd6-3fac86aadf17 · outbound
When Does Combining Language Models Help? A Co-Failure Ceiling on Routing, Voting, and Mixture-of-Agents Across 67 Frontier Models The value of waiting to invest.The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 101(4):707–727, 1986
Reference 28
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 2ab27fe4-d1f5-408c-b09e-89c9af180ba5 · outbound
When Does Combining Language Models Help? A Co-Failure Ceiling on Routing, Voting, and Mixture-of-Agents Across 67 Frontier Models Unresolved cited work
Reference 29
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 63c4cfb9-ee5e-463c-8452-a3f134ca8e20 · outbound
When Does Combining Language Models Help? A Co-Failure Ceiling on Routing, Voting, and Mixture-of-Agents Across 67 Frontier Models Maximum likelihood estimation of the polychoric correlation coefficient.Psychome- trika, 44(4):443–460, 1979
Reference 30
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation fa7d0f24-9617-44dc-9cbb-3369fe87ec2c · outbound
When Does Combining Language Models Help? A Co-Failure Ceiling on Routing, Voting, and Mixture-of-Agents Across 67 Frontier Models RouteLLM: Learning to Route LLMs with Preference Data
Reference 31
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation 82fe22aa-69da-49e0-a3b4-37a0d187e978 · outbound
When Does Combining Language Models Help? A Co-Failure Ceiling on Routing, Voting, and Mixture-of-Agents Across 67 Frontier Models Mathematical contributions to the theory of evolution
Reference 32
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation f798fb30-40b5-4310-aac8-0241ee463e85 · outbound
When Does Combining Language Models Help? A Co-Failure Ceiling on Routing, Voting, and Mixture-of-Agents Across 67 Frontier Models Bivariate extreme statistics, i.Annals of the Institute of Statistical Mathematics, 11(2):195–210, 1959
Reference 33
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation e641ab3b-d1ff-4cf3-8d11-0cd60afcb3e3 · outbound
When Does Combining Language Models Help? A Co-Failure Ceiling on Routing, Voting, and Mixture-of-Agents Across 67 Frontier Models How many stocks make a diversified portfolio?Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, 22(3):353–363, 1987
Reference 34
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation 8d2f9bd3-7770-4368-90c5-72294826820b · outbound
When Does Combining Language Models Help? A Co-Failure Ceiling on Routing, Voting, and Mixture-of-Agents Across 67 Frontier Models arXiv preprint arXiv:2602.08003 , year =
Reference 35
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation 97ce85bb-34e9-4212-8de9-c4ef6fd1cc07 · outbound
When Does Combining Language Models Help? A Co-Failure Ceiling on Routing, Voting, and Mixture-of-Agents Across 67 Frontier Models Generalization error of ensemble estimators
Reference 36
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 962a02f0-6fe8-4431-9b1b-7eb7db5bacfb · outbound
When Does Combining Language Models Help? A Co-Failure Ceiling on Routing, Voting, and Mixture-of-Agents Across 67 Frontier Models Mixture-of-Agents Enhances Large Language Model Capabilities
Reference 37
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation 66a6a302-1149-45d3-9eb5-a31e24118f6b · outbound
When Does Combining Language Models Help? A Co-Failure Ceiling on Routing, Voting, and Mixture-of-Agents Across 67 Frontier Models A Unified Theory of Diversity in Ensemble Learning
Reference 38
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.
Observation 5f08d2c2-699d-46fe-8bde-472e06548d04 · outbound
When Does Combining Language Models Help? A Co-Failure Ceiling on Routing, Voting, and Mixture-of-Agents Across 67 Frontier Models Unresolved cited work
Reference 39
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 7e00cdc3-ce17-41e2-90a8-8f6c4affdca7 · outbound
Reference 40
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation b1dde4e9-a8c0-4d18-8c72-fe784d82909f · outbound
When Does Combining Language Models Help? A Co-Failure Ceiling on Routing, Voting, and Mixture-of-Agents Across 67 Frontier Models Unresolved cited work
Reference 41
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation ea57aa22-70df-40c7-90f3-f3e5ff7bf5e1 · inbound
How Much of the Routing Gap Is Real? Decomposing the Router-to-Oracle Gap into Reproducible Specialist Advantage and Single-Draw Label Noise When Does Combining Language Models Help? A Co-Failure Ceiling on Routing, Voting, and Mixture-of-Agents Across 67 Frontier Models
Reference 40
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 894c4f17-0c41-42e5-842e-2c4aed807acf · inbound
Are Diversity Metrics Measuring Diversity? A Capability-Controlled Audit of Majority-Vote Gain in LLM Ensembles When Does Combining Language Models Help? A Co-Failure Ceiling on Routing, Voting, and Mixture-of-Agents Across 67 Frontier Models
Reference 36
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation b3470af0-420f-431f-890c-f6967526c631 · inbound
Evaluator Ensembles Under Reward Hacking: Covariance Geometry and Finite-Search Guarantees When Does Combining Language Models Help? A Co-Failure Ceiling on Routing, Voting, and Mixture-of-Agents Across 67 Frontier Models
Reference 28
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.