Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-14T10:55:54.632948Z
Paper Citation Record · LEDGER
As of 22 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 57 of 57 outbound references and 1 inbound Pith citation observation for arXiv:1908.10193.
A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.
Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-14T10:55:54.632948Z
One-hop event checks from named stored sources.
Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00
Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-08T04:43:14.834965Z
A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.
Source: pith, observed 2026-08-08T04:43:15.585695Z
57 of 57 outbound references displayed
External citation measurements
No source-named external measurement is stored.
Observation d28f20fb-b64d-4884-b7cf-edee1e7628b6 · outbound
A novel model for query expansion using pseudo-relevant web knowledge Unresolved cited work
Reference 1
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 89e268c9-dd0b-4b6f-8152-6c8d600d1693 · outbound
A novel model for query expansion using pseudo-relevant web knowledge Unresolved cited work
Reference 2
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 80cd7f6d-f490-4285-94d2-87bf68bbfda4 · outbound
A novel model for query expansion using pseudo-relevant web knowledge Unresolved cited work
Reference 3
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation f72f4dc0-5d37-486b-bca6-f9dd7c866cce · outbound
A novel model for query expansion using pseudo-relevant web knowledge Unresolved cited work
Reference 4
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 9f8d3df6-970b-4a10-99e7-1ac37038e24f · outbound
A novel model for query expansion using pseudo-relevant web knowledge Unresolved cited work
Reference 5
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation e169a715-ddec-471c-92fa-e0cc65697023 · outbound
A novel model for query expansion using pseudo-relevant web knowledge Unresolved cited work
Reference 6
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 554395d9-6f20-4b61-b5f1-2d8aee915772 · outbound
A novel model for query expansion using pseudo-relevant web knowledge Unresolved cited work
Reference 7
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 140eca1a-f523-4450-b133-7161b4dffb2b · outbound
A novel model for query expansion using pseudo-relevant web knowledge Carpineto, G
Reference 8
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation dd04c535-4928-4da1-81d5-4e93cf22ac1f · outbound
A novel model for query expansion using pseudo-relevant web knowledge Lucchese, F
Reference 9
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 4f8f6841-9d3c-4480-97d6-b1b7db798405 · outbound
A novel model for query expansion using pseudo-relevant web knowledge Dalton, L
Reference 10
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation e6ac21fb-800b-4eb4-bff0-a2cdc51673ee · outbound
A novel model for query expansion using pseudo-relevant web knowledge Bendersky, D
Reference 11
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation e37b3179-92f7-446b-9ca1-8c584b6eed79 · outbound
A novel model for query expansion using pseudo-relevant web knowledge Unresolved cited work
Reference 12
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation cf6e2ac7-15c9-47f4-942e-7ed60c60e0ec · outbound
A novel model for query expansion using pseudo-relevant web knowledge ALMasri, C
Reference 13
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 99995d6a-e185-4c5d-8a06-2c4fbde981e9 · outbound
A novel model for query expansion using pseudo-relevant web knowledge Anand, A
Reference 14
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation b586d412-fce8-434f-9087-4435f3a3444f · outbound
A novel model for query expansion using pseudo-relevant web knowledge Cui, J.-R
Reference 15
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation ca5d7958-3e06-49d3-9a45-170785719c73 · outbound
A novel model for query expansion using pseudo-relevant web knowledge Unresolved cited work
Reference 16
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation bd69f1a4-cbc2-4f47-9ac0-7d19d4b5b72d · outbound
A novel model for query expansion using pseudo-relevant web knowledge Kraft, J
Reference 17
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 935a0b59-99b3-4801-9431-e0e478d3c237 · outbound
A novel model for query expansion using pseudo-relevant web knowledge Unresolved cited work
Reference 18
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 532e660a-9009-4635-a326-280c33bc49e3 · outbound
A novel model for query expansion using pseudo-relevant web knowledge Unresolved cited work
Reference 19
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 208898d1-b5e2-45cb-9fbd-0e5d8535e211 · outbound
A novel model for query expansion using pseudo-relevant web knowledge Unresolved cited work
Reference 20
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation f11554fc-0db3-4d90-a470-2827ba5fdf6e · outbound
A novel model for query expansion using pseudo-relevant web knowledge Unresolved cited work
Reference 21
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 55914834-587b-4b08-bf74-ff1bfaa5af43 · outbound
A novel model for query expansion using pseudo-relevant web knowledge Unresolved cited work
Reference 22
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 44c75b1c-ee3a-4c6e-8cf7-91f240906c13 · outbound
A novel model for query expansion using pseudo-relevant web knowledge Sahami, T
Reference 23
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 07b6ee58-cea3-4264-b1c1-7541cfb93c6b · outbound
A novel model for query expansion using pseudo-relevant web knowledge Bollegala, Y
Reference 24
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 39d0b296-31bd-4ed0-bfef-18d4979a38b6 · outbound
A novel model for query expansion using pseudo-relevant web knowledge Riezler, Y
Reference 25
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation d9a5e139-c806-446e-9da0-22f1238dde45 · outbound
A novel model for query expansion using pseudo-relevant web knowledge Cui, J.-R
Reference 26
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 401b9e37-6554-478a-8337-828e7e9b563b · outbound
A novel model for query expansion using pseudo-relevant web knowledge Unresolved cited work
Reference 27
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation e192319d-75ee-4c74-b14e-0b8893b299c7 · outbound
A novel model for query expansion using pseudo-relevant web knowledge Huang, L.-F
Reference 28
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 20c9ce3f-ca15-4f0f-9ee8-9fffe277d5e8 · outbound
A novel model for query expansion using pseudo-relevant web knowledge Huang, E
Reference 29
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 0e6d0715-3071-4236-b989-32cbb68771b0 · outbound
A novel model for query expansion using pseudo-relevant web knowledge Baeza-Yates, A
Reference 30
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 0ac29437-d01a-4ac8-9a03-9ca61d29b18c · outbound
A novel model for query expansion using pseudo-relevant web knowledge Xue, H.-J
Reference 31
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation d6a23e8f-456d-4013-9609-ad0a5cec40f5 · outbound
A novel model for query expansion using pseudo-relevant web knowledge Unresolved cited work
Reference 32
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation f03f0c37-3f31-48b7-9553-2c1c83868761 · outbound
A novel model for query expansion using pseudo-relevant web knowledge Riezler, A
Reference 33
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 2d729a32-f25b-4b11-95dd-c650dbfd828d · outbound
A novel model for query expansion using pseudo-relevant web knowledge Unresolved cited work
Reference 34
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 18ca3038-f2ea-4197-a2cf-eb55da82c3f2 · outbound
A novel model for query expansion using pseudo-relevant web knowledge Fitzpatrick, M
Reference 35
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation c7ba9d49-a70f-4cf8-8b88-65e932ee3fb8 · outbound
A novel model for query expansion using pseudo-relevant web knowledge Unresolved cited work
Reference 36
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 8a86e457-ed55-4cd6-9a18-cbe7f13437cd · outbound
A novel model for query expansion using pseudo-relevant web knowledge Billerbeck, F
Reference 37
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation d304ac71-7177-49cc-ac6d-4d1290049529 · outbound
A novel model for query expansion using pseudo-relevant web knowledge Unresolved cited work
Reference 38
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 439f849a-f1da-461b-bcc4-d2c6f98f3aeb · outbound
A novel model for query expansion using pseudo-relevant web knowledge Unresolved cited work
Reference 39
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 701619be-bbac-4173-8885-2ac3020c13b7 · outbound
A novel model for query expansion using pseudo-relevant web knowledge Arguello, J
Reference 40
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 6438851b-222f-4a26-bbb7-3760b02e2fa4 · outbound
A novel model for query expansion using pseudo-relevant web knowledge Unresolved cited work
Reference 41
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation ba018016-f918-4e6e-b235-1e1187a2cfb3 · outbound
A novel model for query expansion using pseudo-relevant web knowledge Aggarwal, P
Reference 42
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 6cfcaf0e-09bb-4c3f-81ec-f0bb3e808828 · outbound
A novel model for query expansion using pseudo-relevant web knowledge Al-Shboul, S.-H
Reference 43
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 8c014bef-ddca-45a6-bcbb-357e500a1f53 · outbound
A novel model for query expansion using pseudo-relevant web knowledge Using Word Embeddings for Automatic Query Expansion
Reference 44
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 202b4ea1-992f-4887-a5e4-a53946e015dc · outbound
A novel model for query expansion using pseudo-relevant web knowledge Bai, J.-Y
Reference 45
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 43ade472-77bd-4528-9794-a430be6cd9a8 · outbound
A novel model for query expansion using pseudo-relevant web knowledge Unresolved cited work
Reference 46
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 5e346b0b-0321-4d2c-a9e8-57da76cf186e · outbound
A novel model for query expansion using pseudo-relevant web knowledge Sun, C.-H
Reference 47
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 5ac65f40-b230-4e45-a182-c99c8b077610 · outbound
A novel model for query expansion using pseudo-relevant web knowledge Unresolved cited work
Reference 48
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation a0cfcdb0-1156-4737-9984-579e30b4e15a · outbound
A novel model for query expansion using pseudo-relevant web knowledge Amati, C
Reference 49
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 813f0175-59be-49b8-bb16-1a7b7f360bf7 · outbound
A novel model for query expansion using pseudo-relevant web knowledge Good, The estimation of probabilities: An essay on modern bayesian methods, pp
Reference 50
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation fc467365-63ad-4bff-b7c5-82e6d6d633fa · outbound
A novel model for query expansion using pseudo-relevant web knowledge Amati, G
Reference 51
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 7023077a-4a7a-4b15-bc2e-645f8bd48456 · outbound
A novel model for query expansion using pseudo-relevant web knowledge Clinchant, E
Reference 52
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 21eba883-5147-4f85-862c-81e74fca1af8 · outbound
A novel model for query expansion using pseudo-relevant web knowledge Parapar, M
Reference 53
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 7229df61-da92-4bca-b704-65d4d82b75be · outbound
A novel model for query expansion using pseudo-relevant web knowledge Singh, A
Reference 54
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation ab99ed38-4628-4573-b250-f1090c3f0d96 · outbound
A novel model for query expansion using pseudo-relevant web knowledge Unresolved cited work
Reference 55
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation cd675782-fc35-4e2c-8df2-dac2fb11aebd · outbound
A novel model for query expansion using pseudo-relevant web knowledge Salton, C
Reference 56
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 0e47529a-41b4-49e0-bcaf-a3fa953ff816 · outbound
A novel model for query expansion using pseudo-relevant web knowledge Billerbeck, J
Reference 57
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.
Observation 25258b51-a4a0-47b6-9d59-ecbd144be565 · inbound
A New Query Expansion Approach via Agent-Mediated Dialogic Inquiry A novel model for query expansion using pseudo-relevant web knowledge
Reference 2
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.