Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

GerPS-Compare: Comparing NER methods for legal norm analysis

As of 16 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 34 of 34 outbound references and 0 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2412.02427.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2412.02427 v1

Coverage vector

measured 34 of 34 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-11T23:31:16.055506Z

measured 34 of 34 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00

measured 0 of 0 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: cited_works

Reference resolution

34 of 34 outbound references displayed

verified exact6
verified fuzzy0
unresolved25
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier1
metadata mismatch2

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation eb1e4634-89ed-4dc3-9247-9f144b6d79f3 · outbound

This paper cites online" 'onlinestring :=.

GerPS-Compare: Comparing NER methods for legal norm analysis online" 'onlinestring :=

Reference 1

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T23:31:14.908181Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 351c2d0d-029b-4baa-bcec-b97c2101c1b0 · outbound

This paper cites write newline.

GerPS-Compare: Comparing NER methods for legal norm analysis write newline

Reference 2

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T23:31:14.959784Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 5dfe9fe0-1d5c-41fa-9ea2-8d4223698585 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

GerPS-Compare: Comparing NER methods for legal norm analysis Unresolved cited work

Reference 3

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-11T23:31:17.604756Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

Observation 94b536e0-efc7-484c-b7c5-c3a8a5409b95 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

GerPS-Compare: Comparing NER methods for legal norm analysis Unresolved cited work

Reference 4

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T23:31:15.008545Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation dd4b7238-e8c4-43af-af2d-73de7084f33c · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

GerPS-Compare: Comparing NER methods for legal norm analysis Unresolved cited work

Reference 5

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T23:31:20.104748Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

Observation dc8de509-dd73-465d-802e-d43ea02e85de · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

GerPS-Compare: Comparing NER methods for legal norm analysis Unresolved cited work

Reference 6

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-11T23:31:17.324841Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

Observation 12aae507-946c-451e-851e-2a46d46985fb · outbound

This paper cites Bachinger, Leila Feddoul, Marianne Jana Mauch, and Birgitta K\" o nig-Ries.

GerPS-Compare: Comparing NER methods for legal norm analysis Bachinger, Leila Feddoul, Marianne Jana Mauch, and Birgitta K\" o nig-Ries

Reference 7

Resolution: metadata mismatch; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T23:31:19.444395Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

Observation 7098a1be-f07e-4532-9b63-b28b166114b7 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

GerPS-Compare: Comparing NER methods for legal norm analysis Unresolved cited work

Reference 8

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T23:31:20.007081Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

Observation a5f888ba-a577-45d2-8774-fd5a70317bc0 · outbound

This paper cites NuNER: Entity Recognition Encoder Pre-training via LLM-Annotated Data.

GerPS-Compare: Comparing NER methods for legal norm analysis NuNER: Entity Recognition Encoder Pre-training via LLM-Annotated Data

Reference 9

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T23:31:15.164756Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation f71f6491-a277-4182-bf6d-bbb5c8d5c0af · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

GerPS-Compare: Comparing NER methods for legal norm analysis Unresolved cited work

Reference 10

Resolution: malformed identifier; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T23:31:15.185061Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 770f13b6-1d75-48bd-ba52-5ff7b64103cf · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

GerPS-Compare: Comparing NER methods for legal norm analysis Unresolved cited work

Reference 11

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T23:31:15.225664Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 67389f4e-1d28-4907-9975-660ec446f0c6 · outbound

This paper cites LAiW: A Chinese Legal Large Language Models Benchmark.

GerPS-Compare: Comparing NER methods for legal norm analysis LAiW: A Chinese Legal Large Language Models Benchmark

Reference 12

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T23:31:15.244753Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation af98f67c-56cb-4e91-8248-7985567f56f6 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

GerPS-Compare: Comparing NER methods for legal norm analysis Unresolved cited work

Reference 13

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-11T23:31:16.834771Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

Observation a6165971-841b-457f-8ad5-b295c0e8bfeb · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

GerPS-Compare: Comparing NER methods for legal norm analysis Unresolved cited work

Reference 14

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T23:31:15.311311Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 355008b8-2283-4b84-9400-f81341fe80b0 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

GerPS-Compare: Comparing NER methods for legal norm analysis Unresolved cited work

Reference 15

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T23:31:19.959783Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

Observation 2e0ae6d0-92ca-4216-8ed1-4cb34b375603 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

GerPS-Compare: Comparing NER methods for legal norm analysis Unresolved cited work

Reference 16

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T23:31:19.907905Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

Observation fe612a46-5a4f-42cb-8aaa-888363b25c77 · outbound

This paper cites Named Entity Recognition for Electronic Health Records: A Comparison of Rule-based and Machine Learning Approaches.

GerPS-Compare: Comparing NER methods for legal norm analysis Named Entity Recognition for Electronic Health Records: A Comparison of Rule-based and Machine Learning Approaches

Reference 17

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T23:31:15.431582Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation a109d075-7cb7-411a-a971-bac8a0c746c8 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

GerPS-Compare: Comparing NER methods for legal norm analysis Unresolved cited work

Reference 18

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T23:31:19.824754Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

Observation d5cd31be-d043-47ff-9f18-7fbc62306398 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

GerPS-Compare: Comparing NER methods for legal norm analysis Unresolved cited work

Reference 19

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T23:31:19.727863Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

Observation 7c3596a7-1b49-4cf2-8c79-5d7e657abb2f · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

GerPS-Compare: Comparing NER methods for legal norm analysis Unresolved cited work

Reference 20

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-11T23:31:16.544812Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

Observation 8cca9d82-ccfe-4d30-b4a2-16fc1ae5e88c · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

GerPS-Compare: Comparing NER methods for legal norm analysis Unresolved cited work

Reference 21

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T23:31:19.692481Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

Observation 3a96494a-ede9-4d80-b1fe-0d0b73771de3 · outbound

This paper cites LLMs in Biomedicine: A study on clinical Named Entity Recognition.

GerPS-Compare: Comparing NER methods for legal norm analysis LLMs in Biomedicine: A study on clinical Named Entity Recognition

Reference 22

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T23:31:15.643558Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 91e36755-4998-451f-af2a-4bbaf0249f8b · outbound

This paper cites Few-shot clinical entity recognition in English, French and Spanish: masked language models outperform generative model prompting.

GerPS-Compare: Comparing NER methods for legal norm analysis Few-shot clinical entity recognition in English, French and Spanish: masked language models outperform generative model prompting

Reference 23

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T23:31:15.654108Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 53b49769-3e25-4120-a609-48169c85f444 · outbound

This paper cites Comprehensive Overview of Named Entity Recognition: Models, Domain-Specific Applications and Challenges.

GerPS-Compare: Comparing NER methods for legal norm analysis Comprehensive Overview of Named Entity Recognition: Models, Domain-Specific Applications and Challenges

Reference 24

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T23:31:15.668760Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 82ac99d9-ba27-4bc3-8201-e4142d005281 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

GerPS-Compare: Comparing NER methods for legal norm analysis Unresolved cited work

Reference 25

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T23:31:19.644754Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

Observation 01acac07-a5eb-425a-a927-9ce240aef8ff · outbound

This paper cites o rn Pl \.

GerPS-Compare: Comparing NER methods for legal norm analysis o rn Pl \

Reference 26

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T23:31:15.764770Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 2d945bf6-7fbf-432f-9147-dc7f146d2728 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

GerPS-Compare: Comparing NER methods for legal norm analysis Unresolved cited work

Reference 27

Resolution: metadata mismatch; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T23:31:18.424762Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

Observation 1b010940-23ed-4360-99b2-660808d9bc9e · outbound

This paper cites FLERT: Document-Level Features for Named Entity Recognition.

GerPS-Compare: Comparing NER methods for legal norm analysis FLERT: Document-Level Features for Named Entity Recognition

Reference 28

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T23:31:15.854756Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 770cb374-f95b-4c01-ab8b-38a021f0b1b2 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

GerPS-Compare: Comparing NER methods for legal norm analysis Unresolved cited work

Reference 29

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-11T23:31:16.394955Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

Observation abb7cd3b-70ff-4326-8b33-f751c3b324b8 · outbound

This paper cites GPT-NER: Named Entity Recognition via Large Language Models.

GerPS-Compare: Comparing NER methods for legal norm analysis GPT-NER: Named Entity Recognition via Large Language Models

Reference 30

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T23:31:15.881221Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 989a7b9e-c66f-4527-bc89-7bf2ed3d981d · outbound

This paper cites A Survey on Recent Advances in Named Entity Recognition from Deep Learning models.

GerPS-Compare: Comparing NER methods for legal norm analysis A Survey on Recent Advances in Named Entity Recognition from Deep Learning models

Reference 31

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T23:31:15.914860Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation a6c7de0d-00d6-4b2a-9b35-51227c7635a4 · outbound

This paper cites LLM-DA: Data Augmentation via Large Language Models for Few-Shot Named Entity Recognition.

GerPS-Compare: Comparing NER methods for legal norm analysis LLM-DA: Data Augmentation via Large Language Models for Few-Shot Named Entity Recognition

Reference 32

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T23:31:15.975108Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 30a6678b-3f3e-4d02-87fb-09cd3814c477 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

GerPS-Compare: Comparing NER methods for legal norm analysis Unresolved cited work

Reference 33

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T23:31:16.011003Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation d0e043e1-813d-4c99-9fd4-896469407606 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

GerPS-Compare: Comparing NER methods for legal norm analysis Unresolved cited work

Reference 34

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-11T23:31:16.117100Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

Pith citing papers

No inbound Pith citation observations are available.