Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Multimodal Visual Image Based User Association and Beamforming Using Graph Neural Networks

As of 23 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 43 of 43 outbound references and 0 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2506.18218.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2506.18218 v2

Coverage vector

measured 43 of 43 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-15T18:58:38.833326Z

measured 43 of 43 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00

measured 0 of 0 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: cited_works

Reference resolution

43 of 43 outbound references displayed

verified exact0
verified fuzzy40
unresolved3
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External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation 1a8f178c-ac43-4541-950e-5a5cdb87eca4 · outbound

This paper cites A survey on resou rce allocation for 5G heterogeneous networks: Current researc h, future trends, and challenges,.

Multimodal Visual Image Based User Association and Beamforming Using Graph Neural Networks A survey on resou rce allocation for 5G heterogeneous networks: Current researc h, future trends, and challenges,

Reference 1

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T18:58:41.044497Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 60f1c037-ad25-42f2-a792-447cd8b8d8dd · outbound

This paper cites Channel estim ation techniques based on pilot arrangement in OFDM systems,.

Multimodal Visual Image Based User Association and Beamforming Using Graph Neural Networks Channel estim ation techniques based on pilot arrangement in OFDM systems,

Reference 2

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T18:58:41.033220Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 2e007f31-1f7b-4b37-bb00-8c6d0093fec0 · outbound

This paper cites Inductive repres entation learning on large graphs,.

Multimodal Visual Image Based User Association and Beamforming Using Graph Neural Networks Inductive repres entation learning on large graphs,

Reference 3

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T18:58:40.977875Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation e9be1d82-6177-45d0-8c96-f7f5551b425e · outbound

This paper cites User association in 5G networks: A survey and an outlook,.

Multimodal Visual Image Based User Association and Beamforming Using Graph Neural Networks User association in 5G networks: A survey and an outlook,

Reference 4

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T18:58:40.922800Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 08bd6707-2755-48d1-9ec4-a27c58a1179c · outbound

This paper cites Goldsmith, Wireless Communications.

Multimodal Visual Image Based User Association and Beamforming Using Graph Neural Networks Goldsmith, Wireless Communications

Reference 5

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T18:58:38.328681Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation c3c52785-896e-478b-8346-6419d284c7e5 · outbound

This paper cites Energy- efﬁcient user association in cognitive heterogeneous netw orks,.

Multimodal Visual Image Based User Association and Beamforming Using Graph Neural Networks Energy- efﬁcient user association in cognitive heterogeneous netw orks,

Reference 6

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T18:58:40.904970Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 5304e1cc-0932-4519-85ba-f950c09b0333 · outbound

This paper cites Dynamic cell as sociation for downlink sum rate maximization in multi-cell heterogeneou s networks,.

Multimodal Visual Image Based User Association and Beamforming Using Graph Neural Networks Dynamic cell as sociation for downlink sum rate maximization in multi-cell heterogeneou s networks,

Reference 7

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T18:58:40.893884Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 69d68856-b37a-4369-844f-ee1d7cad854a · outbound

This paper cites Joint downlink base statio n as- sociation and power control for max-min fairness: Computat ion and complexity,.

Multimodal Visual Image Based User Association and Beamforming Using Graph Neural Networks Joint downlink base statio n as- sociation and power control for max-min fairness: Computat ion and complexity,

Reference 8

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T18:58:40.846724Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation fb586110-f4bc-4bc2-83ea-0f37db571c2f · outbound

This paper cites Joint base stat ion association and power control via benders’ decomposition,.

Multimodal Visual Image Based User Association and Beamforming Using Graph Neural Networks Joint base stat ion association and power control via benders’ decomposition,

Reference 9

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T18:58:40.661897Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 3411486b-5d46-440a-8d7c-d741399f7578 · outbound

This paper cites Joint uplink base st ation asso- ciation and power control for small-cell networks with non- orthogonal multiple access,.

Multimodal Visual Image Based User Association and Beamforming Using Graph Neural Networks Joint uplink base st ation asso- ciation and power control for small-cell networks with non- orthogonal multiple access,

Reference 10

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T18:58:40.651607Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 1a8be5e6-c2d6-4ced-aff5-d5a215b0a540 · outbound

This paper cites User associa tion with maximizing weighted sum energy efﬁciency for massive MIMO- enabled heterogeneous cellular networks,.

Multimodal Visual Image Based User Association and Beamforming Using Graph Neural Networks User associa tion with maximizing weighted sum energy efﬁciency for massive MIMO- enabled heterogeneous cellular networks,

Reference 11

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T18:58:40.640428Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 131d4ea8-c9e9-424e-96ca-bffd6449f08f · outbound

This paper cites Integrated power control and base station assignment,.

Multimodal Visual Image Based User Association and Beamforming Using Graph Neural Networks Integrated power control and base station assignment,

Reference 12

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T18:58:40.628077Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 8458a203-5c12-4fa0-a5b7-24e3037fcc45 · outbound

This paper cites Downl ink power control and base station assignment,.

Multimodal Visual Image Based User Association and Beamforming Using Graph Neural Networks Downl ink power control and base station assignment,

Reference 13

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T18:58:40.544301Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 693e381d-7882-4540-8646-14c3779655d6 · outbound

This paper cites Optimal join t base station assignment and beamforming for heterogeneous networks,.

Multimodal Visual Image Based User Association and Beamforming Using Graph Neural Networks Optimal join t base station assignment and beamforming for heterogeneous networks,

Reference 14

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T18:58:40.444640Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation d876935c-7c17-4989-a807-feb02575b449 · outbound

This paper cites Joint user association and resource allocation in small cell networks with backhaul constraints,.

Multimodal Visual Image Based User Association and Beamforming Using Graph Neural Networks Joint user association and resource allocation in small cell networks with backhaul constraints,

Reference 15

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T18:58:40.433177Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 35d86a17-ef36-42fc-8719-026e202fddd1 · outbound

This paper cites De ep reinforce- ment learning for user association and resource allocation in heteroge- neous networks,.

Multimodal Visual Image Based User Association and Beamforming Using Graph Neural Networks De ep reinforce- ment learning for user association and resource allocation in heteroge- neous networks,

Reference 16

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T18:58:40.422793Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 3c38464d-36cf-439c-bf41-339d08449a86 · outbound

This paper cites Energy efﬁcient user association and power allocation in m illimeter- wave-based ultra dense networks with energy harvesting bas e stations,.

Multimodal Visual Image Based User Association and Beamforming Using Graph Neural Networks Energy efﬁcient user association and power allocation in m illimeter- wave-based ultra dense networks with energy harvesting bas e stations,

Reference 17

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T18:58:40.410516Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 3df8591f-148a-4783-a8c5-a3c16cc7442c · outbound

This paper cites Distributed energy efﬁcient fair user association in mass ive MIMO enabled HetNets,.

Multimodal Visual Image Based User Association and Beamforming Using Graph Neural Networks Distributed energy efﬁcient fair user association in mass ive MIMO enabled HetNets,

Reference 18

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T18:58:40.178110Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 1ecef0ff-8510-4f4f-a83e-3abd37e57bce · outbound

This paper cites α-fairness-maximizing user association in energy-constrained small cell networks,.

Multimodal Visual Image Based User Association and Beamforming Using Graph Neural Networks α-fairness-maximizing user association in energy-constrained small cell networks,

Reference 19

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T18:58:40.167030Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation ade146e8-1bdb-4f79-9b17-0f18252d0edf · outbound

This paper cites Joint user association and eICIC for max–min fairness in HetNets,.

Multimodal Visual Image Based User Association and Beamforming Using Graph Neural Networks Joint user association and eICIC for max–min fairness in HetNets,

Reference 20

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T18:58:40.155114Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation bd7ad748-ca03-41e6-977e-fcb65d21f53a · outbound

This paper cites Distributed pricing-based user asso ciation for downlink heterogeneous cellular networks,.

Multimodal Visual Image Based User Association and Beamforming Using Graph Neural Networks Distributed pricing-based user asso ciation for downlink heterogeneous cellular networks,

Reference 21

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T18:58:40.143903Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 3ca7d2ee-16e5-4460-a74a-e390004962ad · outbound

This paper cites Joint user associatio n and hybrid beamforming designs for cell-free mmWave MIMO communicati ons,.

Multimodal Visual Image Based User Association and Beamforming Using Graph Neural Networks Joint user associatio n and hybrid beamforming designs for cell-free mmWave MIMO communicati ons,

Reference 22

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T18:58:39.992523Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 5910f77f-b83f-4184-9a9a-9422b35af96f · outbound

This paper cites Max-mi n SINR coordinated multipoint downlink transmission—duality an d algorithms,.

Multimodal Visual Image Based User Association and Beamforming Using Graph Neural Networks Max-mi n SINR coordinated multipoint downlink transmission—duality an d algorithms,

Reference 23

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T18:58:39.870248Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 5442dd2f-62f5-471d-8c32-4123c9c7eb4c · outbound

This paper cites Applying deep-lear ning-based com- puter vision to wireless communications: Methodologies, o pportunities, and challenges,.

Multimodal Visual Image Based User Association and Beamforming Using Graph Neural Networks Applying deep-lear ning-based com- puter vision to wireless communications: Methodologies, o pportunities, and challenges,

Reference 24

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T18:58:39.859931Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation a7bf5f71-0638-4f7f-8b59-e0bc8e184b66 · outbound

This paper cites Deep le arning based channel covariance matrix estimation with user locat ion and scene images,.

Multimodal Visual Image Based User Association and Beamforming Using Graph Neural Networks Deep le arning based channel covariance matrix estimation with user locat ion and scene images,

Reference 25

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T18:58:39.847960Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation d953377f-4fcb-4d2b-a43c-8a7197e1c62c · outbound

This paper cites Vision-aid ed 6G wireless communications: Blockage prediction and proactive handof f,.

Multimodal Visual Image Based User Association and Beamforming Using Graph Neural Networks Vision-aid ed 6G wireless communications: Blockage prediction and proactive handof f,

Reference 26

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T18:58:39.835474Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 0201caba-8a31-4d1b-bbdd-7990307a9f03 · outbound

This paper cites Computer vision aided beam t racking in a real-world millimeter wave deployment,.

Multimodal Visual Image Based User Association and Beamforming Using Graph Neural Networks Computer vision aided beam t racking in a real-world millimeter wave deployment,

Reference 27

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T18:58:39.711211Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 48a8ba7f-c6df-425e-a0cb-3eb48d9cb05d · outbound

This paper cites Comput er vision aided mmwave beam alignment in V2X communications,.

Multimodal Visual Image Based User Association and Beamforming Using Graph Neural Networks Comput er vision aided mmwave beam alignment in V2X communications,

Reference 28

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T18:58:39.661771Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 4d423d95-76f5-4b50-80e8-8c76c5c2a96a · outbound

This paper cites Multi-camer a views based beam searching and bs selection with reduced training overhead,.

Multimodal Visual Image Based User Association and Beamforming Using Graph Neural Networks Multi-camer a views based beam searching and bs selection with reduced training overhead,

Reference 29

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T18:58:39.649999Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation f9fac951-6b4f-439f-9cc8-4ea6042de4e3 · outbound

This paper cites Vision-position multi-modal beam prediction using real m illimeter wave datasets,.

Multimodal Visual Image Based User Association and Beamforming Using Graph Neural Networks Vision-position multi-modal beam prediction using real m illimeter wave datasets,

Reference 30

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T18:58:39.639060Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation dd89210a-10ab-4951-b819-f6398b256f58 · outbound

This paper cites Multi-user ma tching and resource allocation in vision aided communications,.

Multimodal Visual Image Based User Association and Beamforming Using Graph Neural Networks Multi-user ma tching and resource allocation in vision aided communications,

Reference 31

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T18:58:39.627687Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 0f48917e-7490-40d1-9e48-8ea09c16dcad · outbound

This paper cites Interference management and user as sociation for nested array-based massive mimo hetnets,.

Multimodal Visual Image Based User Association and Beamforming Using Graph Neural Networks Interference management and user as sociation for nested array-based massive mimo hetnets,

Reference 32

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T18:58:39.385891Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 27222326-1435-49be-bc6e-13ae36474933 · outbound

This paper cites Advanced user associa tion in non-orthogonal multiple access-based fog radio access net works,.

Multimodal Visual Image Based User Association and Beamforming Using Graph Neural Networks Advanced user associa tion in non-orthogonal multiple access-based fog radio access net works,

Reference 33

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T18:58:39.374729Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 288750a0-00b8-4a34-b82c-71795602b969 · outbound

This paper cites Joint power al location and user association optimization for irs-assisted mmwave systems,.

Multimodal Visual Image Based User Association and Beamforming Using Graph Neural Networks Joint power al location and user association optimization for irs-assisted mmwave systems,

Reference 34

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T18:58:39.363720Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 7a75622f-9dee-4fdb-9c5f-42cd92814378 · outbound

This paper cites Comparative analysis of deep learning im age detection algorithms,.

Multimodal Visual Image Based User Association and Beamforming Using Graph Neural Networks Comparative analysis of deep learning im age detection algorithms,

Reference 35

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T18:58:39.352699Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation d0e7aa11-0b49-4507-a88d-ce32cb411da7 · outbound

This paper cites ultralytics/yolov5: v7.0 - YOLOv5 SOTA Realtime Instance Segmentation,.

Multimodal Visual Image Based User Association and Beamforming Using Graph Neural Networks ultralytics/yolov5: v7.0 - YOLOv5 SOTA Realtime Instance Segmentation,

Reference 36

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T18:58:38.808867Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation b5d1b4d3-3a20-429b-b5e3-30e1e4e0490d · outbound

This paper cites Camera calibration with distortion models and accuracy evaluation,.

Multimodal Visual Image Based User Association and Beamforming Using Graph Neural Networks Camera calibration with distortion models and accuracy evaluation,

Reference 37

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T18:58:39.341814Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 8f09040b-72ae-48f5-92ab-306185afda99 · outbound

This paper cites ENGNN: A general edg e- update empowered GNN architecture for radio resource manag ement in wireless networks,.

Multimodal Visual Image Based User Association and Beamforming Using Graph Neural Networks ENGNN: A general edg e- update empowered GNN architecture for radio resource manag ement in wireless networks,

Reference 38

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T18:58:39.330530Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 39947acd-c16d-43e5-a6b6-30650f15373a · outbound

This paper cites Learning power allocation for multi -cell-multi- user systems with heterogeneous graph neural networks,.

Multimodal Visual Image Based User Association and Beamforming Using Graph Neural Networks Learning power allocation for multi -cell-multi- user systems with heterogeneous graph neural networks,

Reference 39

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T18:58:39.288796Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 4782ceec-ac33-4327-a748-25a8780f62a6 · outbound

This paper cites Carla: An open urban driving simulator,.

Multimodal Visual Image Based User Association and Beamforming Using Graph Neural Networks Carla: An open urban driving simulator,

Reference 40

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T18:58:39.156515Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation de16a9b0-199b-4216-bc7b-a1201c2db71c · outbound

This paper cites Sionna: An Open-Source Library for Next-Generation Physical Layer Research.

Multimodal Visual Image Based User Association and Beamforming Using Graph Neural Networks Sionna: An Open-Source Library for Next-Generation Physical Layer Research

Reference 41

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T18:58:38.826673Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation 083c1d61-7455-41d0-824f-20200da78fef · outbound

This paper cites GNN-based powe r allocation and user association in digital twin network for the terahertz 16 band,.

Multimodal Visual Image Based User Association and Beamforming Using Graph Neural Networks GNN-based powe r allocation and user association in digital twin network for the terahertz 16 band,

Reference 42

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T18:58:38.954523Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 33351019-6743-4196-b937-f96fa7ab171f · outbound

This paper cites Wei Yu (Fellow, IEEE) received the B.A.Sc.

Multimodal Visual Image Based User Association and Beamforming Using Graph Neural Networks Wei Yu (Fellow, IEEE) received the B.A.Sc

Reference 2023

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T18:58:38.881242Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Pith citing papers

No inbound Pith citation observations are available.