Pith. sign in

Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Why So Down? The Role of Negative (and Positive) Pointwise Mutual Information in Distributional Semantics

As of 16 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 25 of 25 outbound references and 0 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:1908.06941.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
1908.06941 v1

Coverage vector

measured 25 of 25 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-14T12:37:38.592114Z

measured 25 of 25 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00

measured 0 of 0 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: cited_works

Reference resolution

25 of 25 outbound references displayed

  • verified exact3
  • verified fuzzy1
  • unresolved21
  • parse uncertain0
  • malformed identifier0
  • metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation a4e5be84-33bd-4095-a662-08df2c6434e1 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Why So Down? The Role of Negative (and Positive) Pointwise Mutual Information in Distributional Semantics Unresolved cited work

Reference 1

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T12:37:38.960843Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-14T12:37:38.501318Z digest=sha256:9f4447ebb29c733237a004d5536f481db0b5cf34adac8e9940596a90bfe9253e

Observation 24d7cb06-d56b-4bac-85b4-94ec58659840 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Why So Down? The Role of Negative (and Positive) Pointwise Mutual Information in Distributional Semantics Unresolved cited work

Reference 2

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T12:37:38.950437Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-14T12:37:38.505390Z digest=sha256:8e5361b998c32e5d3ef1c306dafb9b5339134b8663217e03468711fcb3a06c53

Observation 6a46d7cb-d41a-4b3d-9097-f2429ad16d6c · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Why So Down? The Role of Negative (and Positive) Pointwise Mutual Information in Distributional Semantics Unresolved cited work

Reference 3

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T12:37:38.509441Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-14T12:37:38.509441Z digest=sha256:354f28741de6decc0ccd58bbdb5002122835b59b56735ccbb8ccd11b99eed3f2

Observation ec043098-0362-453e-bfd7-af9293bfe508 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Why So Down? The Role of Negative (and Positive) Pointwise Mutual Information in Distributional Semantics Unresolved cited work

Reference 4

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T12:37:38.930859Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-14T12:37:38.513871Z digest=sha256:912d670327df356898d46a46ef9463606a6f394221488112ebbf55cc2c5375b2

Observation 6c071b03-a4b0-44de-9764-35ad13c0531d · outbound

This paper cites What you can cram into a single vector: Probing sentence embeddings for linguistic properties.

Why So Down? The Role of Negative (and Positive) Pointwise Mutual Information in Distributional Semantics What you can cram into a single vector: Probing sentence embeddings for linguistic properties

Reference 5

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T12:37:38.517629Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-14T12:37:38.517629Z digest=sha256:d4270468202b7d7c1aece98ed5280736f3777a06fd0b5a55720d48be854dc2ce

Observation 581f1432-a46e-4d2d-b0f5-fff64fbb469b · outbound

This paper cites Curran and Marc Moens.

Why So Down? The Role of Negative (and Positive) Pointwise Mutual Information in Distributional Semantics Curran and Marc Moens

Reference 6

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T12:37:38.918854Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-14T12:37:38.521242Z digest=sha256:e4ecfc63e7736ca03f519f06fa09ea8377d718e7fd71779c37a8245b4ce310d1

Observation 1e75f292-40ac-4658-b137-c1318adbcac7 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Why So Down? The Role of Negative (and Positive) Pointwise Mutual Information in Distributional Semantics Unresolved cited work

Reference 7

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T12:37:38.905993Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-14T12:37:38.525744Z digest=sha256:03e230ba4a4f12fae883a63d4c693b0bf5b4243a1118d2272b91ed988a44a480

Observation 2ea4018c-f0f3-4cb7-a521-e52d7f82de7d · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Why So Down? The Role of Negative (and Positive) Pointwise Mutual Information in Distributional Semantics Unresolved cited work

Reference 8

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T12:37:38.894593Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-14T12:37:38.529705Z digest=sha256:20fbb2c74634b95c4c234b9f72c976f21dded23e16d0588497b84b1b44f060fa

Observation e3bd4a70-d2f7-4eb6-83ed-aac812da9390 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Why So Down? The Role of Negative (and Positive) Pointwise Mutual Information in Distributional Semantics Unresolved cited work

Reference 9

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T12:37:38.884703Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-14T12:37:38.533191Z digest=sha256:2079da184567343f0f968f9cf020e3d47abbe80b5e3a5c0403586105138b0409

Observation 1704b4e5-e3ce-4d44-8783-ddaf947ddceb · outbound

This paper cites Bidirectional LSTM-CRF Models for Sequence Tagging.

Why So Down? The Role of Negative (and Positive) Pointwise Mutual Information in Distributional Semantics Bidirectional LSTM-CRF Models for Sequence Tagging

Reference 10

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T12:37:38.536801Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-14T12:37:38.536801Z digest=sha256:f4133d0a3e5e452120f08540fc4cc271c88e80d81a1958b8a01a10de6952c9fc

Observation c2e3203f-541a-4a29-b986-9e129a6dcd81 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Why So Down? The Role of Negative (and Positive) Pointwise Mutual Information in Distributional Semantics Unresolved cited work

Reference 11

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T12:37:38.540845Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-14T12:37:38.540845Z digest=sha256:4782b48c8cc9fd3993284d686172230f38f3fb9e25b17a50d0d11af90eab9c24

Observation e4fd9ba3-394c-4913-b98f-e85fdb54ba7c · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Why So Down? The Role of Negative (and Positive) Pointwise Mutual Information in Distributional Semantics Unresolved cited work

Reference 12

Resolution
verified exact
doi, observed 2026-08-14T12:37:38.645559Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-14T12:37:38.544013Z digest=sha256:75bd30ef959c94d77a32edd73331ef50a3adb934b3fed5d948bce79508cf9133

Observation 6db1f208-28b9-4edd-9b69-b456da03c7e2 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Why So Down? The Role of Negative (and Positive) Pointwise Mutual Information in Distributional Semantics Unresolved cited work

Reference 13

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T12:37:38.867203Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-14T12:37:38.548442Z digest=sha256:192aedc04fae0452a912a761cb7557b569e689c58cfeeba6da6d1684ca6895a5

Observation 28d0c866-2a6f-4325-bfa5-f1d1b177ff7a · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Why So Down? The Role of Negative (and Positive) Pointwise Mutual Information in Distributional Semantics Unresolved cited work

Reference 14

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T12:37:38.855423Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-14T12:37:38.552427Z digest=sha256:a64cb5e5975314bb76e3d9a03d2c5ef5e0ae2739a6ded63cb62171aa0ffd1f1e

Observation 0b38dc0f-1df4-42b6-b28f-1554f0147c73 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Why So Down? The Role of Negative (and Positive) Pointwise Mutual Information in Distributional Semantics Unresolved cited work

Reference 15

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T12:37:38.843470Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-14T12:37:38.555239Z digest=sha256:545a97057060d486af1a29ed17f917460634eb2b1118ce7d98e83eb691efe388

Observation a54a731e-9b12-443f-8f2c-1931f0fa0239 · outbound

This paper cites Marcus, Mary Ann Marcinkiewicz, and Beatrice Santorini.

Why So Down? The Role of Negative (and Positive) Pointwise Mutual Information in Distributional Semantics Marcus, Mary Ann Marcinkiewicz, and Beatrice Santorini

Reference 16

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T12:37:38.558267Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-14T12:37:38.558267Z digest=sha256:3564b1341676c96e99e482ae493d9c795f306f20e611f75b0318bc891e83c416

Observation 6967aee1-0e5b-4540-9b3f-9df4c3d94800 · outbound

This paper cites Efficient Estimation of Word Representations in Vector Space.

Why So Down? The Role of Negative (and Positive) Pointwise Mutual Information in Distributional Semantics Efficient Estimation of Word Representations in Vector Space

Reference 17

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T12:37:38.562015Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-14T12:37:38.562015Z digest=sha256:e6579e630a94c26cda48547baa2ee04129816b4dc5e9867e767f999b562884fa

Observation 95e36d84-6d72-44fc-ac77-926cd4b63910 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Why So Down? The Role of Negative (and Positive) Pointwise Mutual Information in Distributional Semantics Unresolved cited work

Reference 18

Resolution
verified exact
doi, observed 2026-08-14T12:37:38.634720Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-14T12:37:38.567170Z digest=sha256:adc7c4e03bf1bf53c104263f184bb58b79f2e1cdb1889a32dfd67e9f3e908bad

Observation 38930db1-cfaa-446b-84fc-31c779cae2d0 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Why So Down? The Role of Negative (and Positive) Pointwise Mutual Information in Distributional Semantics Unresolved cited work

Reference 19

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T12:37:38.831534Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-14T12:37:38.571032Z digest=sha256:309ee902e10a0f90f52ed73e67e84ec7f11cab66e306079f82e3d96b9752ee8f

Observation c9ac29a0-9fd9-4be3-b2c1-b1da87e5bb11 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Why So Down? The Role of Negative (and Positive) Pointwise Mutual Information in Distributional Semantics Unresolved cited work

Reference 20

Resolution
verified exact
doi, observed 2026-08-14T12:37:38.623445Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-14T12:37:38.574552Z digest=sha256:f6d3567e68cdbf78390a877bae47d7c908cf5ae218ce517b17a90dae905a4a49

Observation 9dc6e713-2a6a-4f04-a5d3-798474944757 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Why So Down? The Role of Negative (and Positive) Pointwise Mutual Information in Distributional Semantics Unresolved cited work

Reference 21

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T12:37:38.818981Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-14T12:37:38.579025Z digest=sha256:fa04f66185c399560b49467fac6d605bd5342f3ca69cf594ce34a7a2ff1f5ff5

Observation c80c4c0b-00de-4169-a42a-14567043d9b2 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Why So Down? The Role of Negative (and Positive) Pointwise Mutual Information in Distributional Semantics Unresolved cited work

Reference 22

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T12:37:38.806406Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-14T12:37:38.582626Z digest=sha256:fb72566de9772c6ce3b1b24053885557d215799041fed769f67a960c66cb5845

Observation 9b0b0209-208f-4d80-b2ce-c88154cd262c · outbound

This paper cites Swivel: Improving Embeddings by Noticing What's Missing.

Why So Down? The Role of Negative (and Positive) Pointwise Mutual Information in Distributional Semantics Swivel: Improving Embeddings by Noticing What's Missing

Reference 23

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T12:37:38.586021Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-14T12:37:38.586021Z digest=sha256:41d1ae7632aa223c03d284fd7f11e4d79fc5237c86ecd7b08b8125dc8ebeda16

Observation 86657eef-7d2c-4d85-a1be-411e2f678188 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Why So Down? The Role of Negative (and Positive) Pointwise Mutual Information in Distributional Semantics Unresolved cited work

Reference 24

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T12:37:38.793557Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-14T12:37:38.589275Z digest=sha256:45bcc5c5bbf4a82e3215cc82ef13b9cc0906eabfe14bb21021e60384ed3679dd

Observation 072aa63e-dbaf-4af9-b0dd-0a8e34f9ec4e · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Why So Down? The Role of Negative (and Positive) Pointwise Mutual Information in Distributional Semantics Unresolved cited work

Reference 25

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T12:37:38.780580Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-14T12:37:38.592114Z digest=sha256:882c809fbcca371b5feeb021fadabd1946c0b4e94a65203b765be9328b87be45

Pith citing papers

No inbound Pith citation observations are available.